形容词副词.doc

一、形容词的一般用法 1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。 例如，Its a cold and windy day. 2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。 例如，He looks happy today. 3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 如: How long is the river？ Its about two hundred meters long. 5.只能作表语的形容词： afraid害怕； alone独自的； asleep睡着的； awake醒着的； alive活着的； well健康的； ill病的； frightened害怕的 The ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词： little小的；only唯一的； wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的； elder年长的 My brother is elder. (误) 有一天，我在飞机上，一开始很bored，突然，看到了飞飞在飞，I was surprised,我们就开始聊天，突然，空姐说要抽奖，奖励是免泰国游，我们都很interested, 因为泰国有很多interesting places and people,飞飞眼神很邪恶，结果抽中了飞飞，he was excited,我们都很开心，因为觉得在飞机上抽奖而且还能中奖，的确是件surprising 的事情。一会儿，飞飞说要去卫生间，我当时感觉 exhausted,于是就睡着了。一觉醒来，飞飞还是没有回来。I was confused，终于，半小时后，他回来了，满头大汗，说厕所之行真是exhausting and frightening! Thomas Edison became _ in science at an early age. A. interest B. interests C. interested D. interesting (06年盐城）In some foreign countries, such as Canada, children usually leave their parents when they grow up. It makes the old feel _ . A. alone B. lonely C. frightened D. enjoyable (07年重庆) We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very _. A. interest B. interests C. interesting D. interested7.貌似副词的形容词： lonely 独自的； friendly 友好的； lively 生动的； lovely 可爱的 8.复合形容词： snow-white 雪白的 English-speaking 说英语的； glass-topped 玻璃罩的； take-away 可以带走的； 二、多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 描绘性： 大小-长短-新旧-颜色-国籍-材料 A big round table 一个大圆桌 A small old wooden house 一座小木屋 A famous American medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院 比较级和最高级 一般单音节词末尾加-er 和 est strong-stronger-strongest 单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r 和-st strange-stranger-strangest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est big-bigger-biggest 少数以-y, -er(或-ure), -ow, -ble结尾的双音节词， 末尾加-er和-est(以-y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母， 把y变成i，再加-er和-est，以-e结尾的词仍加-r和-st) angry-angrier-angriest 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和mostdifficult-more difficult-most difficult不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式 good / well - better - best bad / ill - worse - worst many / much - more - most little / few - less / least far - farther / further - farthest / furthest -Look! How _ the boys are! -Yes. They won the game this afternoon. A exciting B. excitement C. excite D. excited -The dish is delicious! -Well, at least its _ the one I cooked yesterday. A as good as B. worse than C. as well as D. as bad as -Mum, could I have a MP3 like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one, but as good as this.A a cheap B. a cheapest C. a cheaper D. the cheapest -What do you think of the lecture? - I think its _ , but someone thinks its much too _.A wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boringC wonderful enough; boring D. enough wonderful; bored副词副词按词汇意义可分为 频度副词： always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never 否定副词： no，not，neither，nor， 疑问副词： where，when, how，why 地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有： here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。 例如：I met an old friend of mine on my way home. He went upstairs. Put down your name here. 方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如：The old man walked home slowly. Please listen to the teacher carefully. The birds are flying high. 程度副词 程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有： much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。 例如： Her pronunciation is very good. She sings quite well. I can hardly agree with you. 时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有： now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如： He often comes to school late. What are we going to do tomorrow? He has never been to Beijing.部分常用副词的用法1) very, much这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：She is a very nice girlIm feeling much better now. Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：I dont like the idea much.They did not talk much.2) too, either这两个副词都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如： She can dance, and I can dance, too. I havent read the book and my brother hasnt either.3) already, yetalready一般用于肯定句， yet一般用于否定句。例如： He has already left. Have you heard from him yet? He hasnt answered yet.4) so, neitherso和neither都可用于倒装句， 但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如： My brother likes football and so do I. My brother doesnt like dancing and neither do I. 1. -Which is _, the sun, the moon or the earth? -Of course the moon is. A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest 2. He has made _ progress this term than before. A. little B. less C. fewer D. much 3. -What delicious cakes! -They would taste _ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse 4. Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as表示频率 我问飞飞，Do you feel happy? 她说：I always feel happy. 我问Fabien，How often do you travel? 他说：Frequently. 春、秋，我和我的同事见面是regularly / quite often, 但是一到了寒、暑假，我们见面就是seldom, hardly 我爷爷爱洗澡，因为小时候只有sometimes 的机会洗， 他爷爷的爷爷小时候就只有occasionally了。 这个时候，八戒跳出来了，说Ive never taken a shower, 不对，夏天在河里洗过，所以就算是almost never吧！also是很正式的用语，只用于肯定句，在句中的位置通常靠紧动词，有时放在句首。 They also love their country. too多用于口语，用于肯定句中，置于句尾。 Im American, but Im Chinese, too. either用于否定句，置于句尾。 -I dont eat durian. -Me either. as well和too用法一致，但是不能紧跟主语后 只有too和either可以跟主语后作简略回答。 Me too / either.比较级和最高级一般副词 hard harder hardest fast faster fastest late later latest early earlier earliest特殊副词 well better best much more most badly worse worst little less least 开放类副词 quickly more quickly most quickly quietly more quietly most quietly 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法一、比较级1比较级通常由 “形容词(副词)比较级+than+” 构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。如： Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。（形容词和系词连用） He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。（副词修饰行为动词） 2注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如： Sound travels faster through water than through air. 3 比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰，表示“得多”，“甚至”， “更”，“一些”等意思。如： Japan is a little larger than Germany. 用“times + 形容词的比较级 + than”句式表示倍数；用“表示数量的词 + 比较级”来表示具体的比较差别。如： Fei Feis head is twice larger than Little Fei Feis. He is a head taller than I. 二、最高级1最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词形容词最高级名词表示范围的短语或从句” (如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等)。如： Of all of the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely known. 2副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。如：He runs fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。3当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。如： He is the tallest of the four boys. ( He 与boy属同类) He is the tallest in our class. ( He与 class不属同类)4可以用原级，比较级，最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如： She is the best student in her class. She is better than any other student in her class. No other student in her class is better than she. No other student in her class is as good as she. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _ than before.A most easily B. less easily C. easily D. more easily This morning Jack came to school _ than _ student in his class.A much late; any B. much late; any otherC much later; any D. much later; any other Alice ran _ Lucy, so she got to the end _.A as fast as; earlier B. faster than; earlierC faster than; the earliest -What do you think of the football match? -Wonderful. They have never played_.A best B. better C. worse D. worst Daniel is a careful driver, but he drives _ of my friends.A more carefully B. most carefullyC less carefully D. the least carefully -En