artits in ewarly renaissance 文艺复兴时早期的艺术家.docx

Artists in Early Renaissance(外国语言文学系，英本1101B，高玉如，1127110129)Abstract: Artists is an important part in Renaissance. Early artists played an indispensable role in Renaissance. The new thoughts were widely spread first by their works. This paper will talk about the artists and their major works.Key words: Renaissance; Artists; Major works1. IntroductionThe artists studied the ruins of Roman and Greek temples and put many of the principles of ancient civilization into their works. They began to be supported by individual collectors. They introduced in their works scientific theories of anatomy and perspective. Therefore, I want to introduce them to you.2. Early Renaissance Artists2.1 Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)At the end of 13th century, Dante was born in Florence on the eve of the Renaissance, which is hailed by Engels the last poet of the middle ages is also the first poet in the new era. He is the founder of modern Italian and one of the developing figures of the Renaissance in Europe, he is also know for the long poem the Divine Comedy. Engel commented: the end of in the feudal Middle Ages and the beginning of the modern era of capitalism is marked by a great man, the character was Dante, he is the last poet of the middle ages, but it is also initially a poet in the new era.2.1.1 Major works:The Divine Comedy, is the representative of the medieval literature and reach to the highest achievements. It took him 14 years to finish during his exiling time and consisted of three parts which is hell, Purgatory and Paradise, It reflects the achievements in the field of medieval culture and the major problems with the nature of the “encyclopedia”, which is also a faint glimpse of the Renaissance about humanism thoughts. Up to 14,000 lines in this epic, Dante firmly opposed to the obscurantism of the Middle Ages, to express the idea of dedication to the pursuit of truth, a far-reaching impact on next generations of European poetry.Newborn, include thirty-one lyric poetry, mainly to express nostalgic feelings, excellent quality and beautiful for Beatrice, It reached the highest in the “gentle” and Poetry achievement.2.1.2 Other works:Philosophical poetry Banquet, lyrics , the verses set and Latin article Vulgarism Theory, political essays Kingdom, Latin poetry Pastoral and collection by Dante called Epistola, On Monarchy. 2.2 Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375)Giovanni Boccaccio, the outstanding representative of the Italian Renaissance humanist. He opposed to the religious conservative thoughts and advocated “happiness in the world”. It is regarded as the Renaissance Declaration.2.2.1 Major works:Decameron, was written in his middle years. The book is a collection of 100 tales told by seven and three younger gentlemen on their way to escape the Black Death of 1348. The tales are witty, licentious, full of praises of true love and wisdom and also satire on the hypocrisy of the priest and the aristocrat. With the Decameron the courtly themes of medieval literature began to give way to the voice and mores of early modern society. It is the greatest achievement of prose fiction in the Middle Ages.Feiaisuola Goddess (1343-1354),is an eight row body long poem, was writing the love of the goddess and the shepherd. They offended the goddess Diana and was punished and turned into two rivers. Finally, both of them flowed into Rue Nuo River and got together. 2.2.2Other works: The narrative poem Philo Manchester Rato, and Moss Seyi Da, long poem Love Phantom, the pagan gods pedigree and Dante Biography.2.3 Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374)Petrarch was a prominent figure of his time, a great figure in Italian literature and one of the great humanists during the time of the Renaissance. Petrarch often called the father of Italian Renaissance Humanism did more than any other individual in the fourteenth century to foster development of the movement. He sought to find forgotten Latin manuscripts and set in motion a search of monastic libraries throughout Europe. His qualms, however, did not prevent him from inaugurating the humanist emphasis on the use of pure classical Latin, making it fashionable for humanists to use Cicero as a model for propose and virgule for poetry. Petrarch was a courtier and a diplomat, living for a time near the papal court at Avignon and traveling extensively through Europe on diplomatic missions for such families as the Viscounti of Milan. He was a literary master not only in lyric poetry but also in prose. In his letters, and treatises written in Latin, he was a repentant sinner and a great craftsman. He knows “how to make beauty yield meaning yield beauty”.2.3.1Major works:Canzoniers, is a book of lyrical songs written in his Italian dialect.2.3.2 other works: Africa, Metrical Epistles, On Contempt for worldly life, On Solitude, Ecologues and The Letters.2.4 Giotto di Bondone (about 1266-1337)Giotto was considered by many to be the founder of the modern painting and the forerunner of the Italian Renaissance. The Florentine broke away from the linear style of the Byzantine style. He was a close friend of Dante and was said to have determined the course of painting in Europe. He led the way of restoring dignity to human figures. He also worked towards a more realistic depiction of space.He designed a lot of frescos, painting them with water color on wet plaster. He painted on stories of the Bible. His figures were massive rather than graceful and elegant. Towards the later years, he was also an architect for the Cathedral in Florence.2.4.1 Major Works:Flight into Egypt, a painting based on the story in the Bible with Maria riding on a donkey ready to face the hardship ahead. She looked firm and resolute while her husband Joseph looked hesitant and sorrowful.Betrayal of Judas, a conventional painting treated in the typical Renaissance way with the hero Jesus looking dignified and Judah the traitor looking vicious.Jewish kiss, known as the 14th century Renaissance art most brilliant masterpiece, described the Jesus, Judas Roman soldiers in Judah and kissing him arrested Jesus to sign the story. In a crisis, calm and serene, and Judah ugly faces a traitor contrast. Either he or image of Judah, out of the medieval art inflexible and conceptual programming, but shows a thick life breath and worldly thoughts and feelings of the characters, make the person feels believable.2.4.2 other works:The Mourning Jesus, Virgin and Child and Maria Meet Elizabeth.2.5 Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)Brunelleschi was an architect who began as a goldsmith like many other Renaissance artists. He made several trips to Rome where he devoted himself to the study of classical buildings. In his designing of the churches he showed a systematic use of perspective. He also introduced motif that was widely imitated during the Renaissance. In 1420 he began to build the dome for the cathedral in Florence and it became the most original construction in the building of domes in the world history of architecture.2.5.1 Major works:The dome of Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral,(1419-1436),Founding hospitals(1419ca.1445),San Lorenzo Church(14191480s),Palazzo di Parte Guelfa(1420s-1445),Old San Lorenzo Church Sacristy(1421-1440),Santa Maria degli Angeli, unfinished(since1434 ).2.6 Donatello (1386-1466)Donatello was a sculptor, who was among the first ones to visit Rome in order to study the ruins of antiquity and introduce many of the ancient principles into his works. He was one of the first artists engaged in anatomy for the knowledge of human body.2.6.1Major works:David, a sculpture of the conventional theme, of the young hero of Hebrew tradition. It is a nude in perfect proportions.The Gattamelata Equestrian Statue, this is a bronze statue over life size, paying special honor to a great soldier who had served the Venetian Republic well. It is highly realistic and individualistic.2.7 Giorgione de Castelfranco, (1477-1510)If the classical painters of central Italy had achieved the new complete harmony within their pictures by means of perfect design and balanced arrangement, the Venetian painters made happy use of color schemes to unify his pictures. And it was in this sphere that Giorgione achieved the most revolutionary results an