广东省深圳市三人文化发展有限公司高三英语《定语从句专题》标准教案.doc

广东省深圳市三人文化发展有限公司高三英语定语从句专题标准教案定语从句: 先行词(n./pron.)+关系词+句意不完整的从句(缺成分)(缺啥补啥法): 英语句子成分与结构：主谓宾表定状补同位，(定)主(状)谓(状+定)宾/表+(状)补。 (whose) who/that/which + v. + (whose) whom/that/which+ (when+where+why)+. (定语)主语(人/物) 谓语 (定语) 宾语/表语 时状 地状 原状 方状 order：主语(主定)谓语(及物性，介词)宾表(定语)状语 eg. the little boy had breakfast at home this morning. 定语从句的分类:1. 定语从句分为二大类(1)限制性定语从句 (2)非限制性定语从句2.两者的联系与区别: 记：主句, (wh-/as+从句) 形式(逗号/which)+内容(可否省略/被修饰部分/翻译)定语从句考点分析与突破：key point 1：关系代词还是关系副词 1. time/place/reason:(1)when/where/why (2)that/whichthis is the factory where i once worked. this is the place which/ that ive visited. the reason why he hasnt come is that he has been ill. dont believe the reason which/ that he gave you.2. whose (1)+ people (2)+ things do you know the student whose father is an engineer? 3(不仅仅只有.很正确，不定代词)+n.+ that this is the very magazine( that)i am after. you can take any book (that) you like.4. 抽象地点或情境名词(1a2p3s, 统统都是小case (1)+where/prep+which (2)+that/whichwere just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. a. where b. that c. when d. whichwe have reached a point where a change is needed. key point 2：(1)定语从句与强调结构的区别：判断是否是强调结构的方法是采用删除法， 即去掉it is/was及连接词部分，若整个句子结构和意义不受影响则为强调结构。 was it during the second world_ he died?去掉was it及填空处连接词，其结构正确，故只能看作强调结构。 (2)定语从句与同位语从句的判别方法：区别:(1)意义：同位语从句相当于名词，起解释说明作用。定语从句相当于形容词，起修饰作用。 (2)被修饰词：同从中不作成分，多为抽象名词。定从中作成分，多为具体名词。 (3)引导词：引导词不同，且在同从中不作成分，在定从中做成分。具体判别方法：1.代入法 2.从句重组法key point 3: prep. +which/whom (1)v.who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? (2)n.the farm on which i once worked has taken on a new look. (3)adj.ours is a beautiful country, of which we are greatly proud. (4)part/allthere are over 3,000 workers, eighty percent of whom are women. notes:不能分开的表达look for/look after/take care of/depend on /listen to 等this is the person who/whom/that you are looking for.the babies (whom) the nurses are looking after are very healthy.is this the book (which/that) she was looking for?notes:(1)whose = (1) of which/whom the+n. (2) the+n.+ of which/whom (2)when=prep.+which where=prep.+which why=prep.+which(3) num/the adj/pron. + of which/whom(4) prep.+ which eg: he has a house in which he lives, in front of which there is a river and beside which a tree stands. he has many friends who are very close to him, most of whom are his classmates, three of whom are foreigners , the youngest of whom is 14 years old.notes: from+ where(1)soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees(2)she climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.(3)we went up to the roof , from where we had a good view of the procession.(4)china is the birth place of kites, from where kiteflying spread to japan, korea, thailand and india. (5)the car stopped suddenly only a few inches from where i stood.key point 4：as与which(非限)(1)as=which (2)注意在下列情况下只能用as： 放于句首时只能用as。 表示“正如，正像”之意时，只能用as，而which无此义。 he agreed to the plan, as could be expected. as可用于类似插入语的句式中，而which则不能。as is said above, as is known to all, as it is等。 as的用法：修饰主句，并在非限从句中作(主动语态的宾语被动语态的主语)，限制从句中有固定搭配。 即：动词的宾语eg.:as we all know, taiwan belongs to china he is often late, as is known to all take as many books as you can i want to have such a dictionary as he has. which的用法：句前词后非限中(词：介词，that)(1)先行词本身是that 时that which you borrowed from me wasnt a real diamond necklace(2)作介词的宾语代替事物this is the dictionary to which he frequently referred before(3)指人的“性质，身份”而不是指人时she is dressed in white like a nurse, which she is not 注意在下列情况下只能用as：(aswhich) 放于句首时只能用as。 表示“正如，正像”之意时，只能用as，而which无此义。例如： he agreed to the plan, as could be expected. as可用于类似插入语的句式中，而which则不能。例如： as is said above, as is known to all, as it is等。key point 5：关系代词作主语时谓语中数的判断 (1)one of (2)the only one of he is one of the teachers who know english well. he is the only one of the teachers who knows english well. one of the boys who are my friends is very good at english. notes：从句中谓语动词应与先行词的单复数一致。 i talked with the boy who swims fastest in your school. all the boys who are now swimming in the river are from wuhan. key point 6： 1.way+定语从句please tell me the way( that/in which) you did the job. it isthe way( that/ in which) he talks with his mother that is different from that we were used to.( way) 2.it is the first time 从句中，that是惯用法，不用when。 it is the first time that i have been to the great wall.time (1) + that 表次数 (2) + when 表时间 this is the second time （that） the president has visited the country. this was at a time when / during which there were no radio, no telephones or tv sets.先行词为：next time,the first time, the second time,by the time, any time , each time ,every time,the moment, all the time,the day ,the week ,the month ,the year等，后面的定从常省略when by the time (when) he was ten , he had already built a chemistry lab for himself. the cat burned her paw each time (when) she pull a nut(核桃) out. im thinking about you all the time（when）you are away. 3.the reason (1) +why (2) + that/for which/o why指原因，引导的从句专门修饰reason.可用that / for which替换或者省略。 the reason why he was late was that his wife was ill. i dont know the reason why he was late. i dont know the reason that he was late. i dont know the reason for which he was late. i dont know the reason he was late.key point 7:只用who，而不用that(whothat) 1.i, you ,he ,they+ who he who plays with fire gets burned. 2.特定的人+ who the aunt who came to see us last week is my fathers sister. 注意不指特定的人时用that， people that have not been properly trained cant do this kind of work.key point 8:there be 句型中的定语从句there be n. (1) + who s=person (2) + that s=things there is a book on the desk that belongs to frank. there is a young man who wants to see you.定语从句 最近三年高考真题1.（2011） i wlked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.a.which b.where c.who d.that2.(2010 ) the old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.a.where b.which c.its d.whose3.(2011 ) she has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other. a.which b.where c.what d.who4.(2012 ) a lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first years of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.a.as b.it c.which d.this5.(2010 ) thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.a.that b.which c.whose d.what6.(2012 ) i wish to thank professor smith, without _ help i would never have got this far.a.who b.whose c.whom d.which7.(2012 ) it is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.a.that b.where c.which d.what8.(2010 ) as a child, jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather.a.which b.where c.what d.that9.(2012 ) by 16:30, _ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.a.which b.when c.what d.that10.(2012 ) when deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.a.that b.which c.where d.when11.(2011 ) the old town has narrow streets and samll houses _ are built close to each other.a.they b.where c.what d.that12.(2010 ) the settlement is home to nearly 1 000 people, many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.a.whom b.which c.them d.those13.(2012 ) after the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.a.which b.who c.where d.what14.(2011) mary was much kinder to jack than she was to the others, _ , of course, made all the others upset.a.who b.which c.what d.that15.(2010 ) wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.a.on which b.by which c.to which d.from which16.(2012 ) the air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.a.that b.it c.as d.what17.(2010 ) the newly-build cafe, the walls of _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.a.that b.it c.what d.which18.(2011 ) the days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.a.when b.that c.where d.which19.(2010 ) children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.a.what b.whose c.which d.that20.(2012 ) care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the samll details of the life should be considered.a.what b.in what c.which d.in which21.(2011 ) she showes the visitors around the museum, the construction _ had taken more than three years.a.for which b.with which c.of which d.to which22.(2012 ) we live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.a.why b.when c.to whom d.on which23.ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ i met in the english speech contest last year.a.who b.where c.when d.which24.(2011 ) between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.a.when b.where c.that d.whichkeys：bdaac bcaab dabbc cdabd cbaa1. the english play _ my students acted at the new years party was a great success.a. for which b. at which c. in which d. on which2. helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him.a. who b. that c. what d. which3. if a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.a. that b. which c. when d. where4. women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.a. who ; / b. / ; who c. who ; who d. / ; /5. the beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from liverpool.a. what b. that c. how d. as6. some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ they learn simple games and songs.a. then b. there c. while d. where7. the book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great charges. awhen bduring which csince then dsince when8. the science museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to britain, is one of londons tourist attractions. a. which b. what c. that d. where9. yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago. a. when b. where c. that d. which 10. by nine oclock, all the olympic torch bearers had reached the top of mount qomolangma, _appeared a rare rainbow soon. a. of which b. on which c. from which d. above which keys：cddcd, ddadd1. the town _ we visited last month is the one _ the famous painter was born.awhere; which bwhich; where cwhich; that dwhere; where2. we went to mountain tai last weekend, _, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors.a. that b. which c. where d. when3.we hope that the measures to control the stock market, _ are taken by the government, will work.a. that b. where c. which d. what4. many factors influence a student in his/her study, _ i think are out of a teachers control. a. most of them b. most of which c. most of what d. most of that5. obama won the election. its amazing! yes. but the result was within _ we had expected, _ brought great joy to many young people and the black.a. that; which b. that; that c. what; what d. what; which6. hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.a. where b. which c. while d. why7. it was in the factory _ his friend worked _ he picked up a lot of experience.a. where, where b. that, where c. that, that d. where, that8. today the public is much concerned about the way _ . anature is being ruined bwhich nature is ruinedcon which to ruin nature dof nature to be ruined9. young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons cant be the only preparation for all of the situations _ appear in the working world.a. where b. when c. that d. what10. is it the years _ you worked in africa as a doctor _ have a great effect on your literary works? a. that; where b. that; that c. when; where d. when; that 11. was it in the waiting room _ only allows mothers-to-be to enter that you lost your wallet? a. / b. where c. that d. when 12. obama, _ life was once hard when he was young, were elected president of americ