初中二年级上第二单元.doc

八上Unit2 whats the matter? （教师版）一、应掌握的词组1. Have a cold感冒 2. sore back背痛3. neck and neck并驾齐驱，齐头并进4. I have a stomachache我胃痛= I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach5. Whats the matter?怎么了？= Whats the trouble (with you)? = Whats your trouble?= Whats wrong (with you)? = What the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you?= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = whats up?6. sore throat咽喉痛 7. lie down and rest躺下休息8. see a dentist看牙医 9. drink lots of water多喝水10. hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶 11.Thats a good idea好主意12.Thats too bad太糟糕了 13.I think so我认为如此14. Im not feeling well.我觉得不太舒服= Im not feeling fine/all right. = Im feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.= I dont feel well.15. get some rest多休息16. I have no idea = I dont know我不知道17. stressed out筋疲力尽18. I am tired我累了He is tired.他累了19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和 22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡 24. healthy food健康食品25. stay healthy保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词)玩得高兴，过得愉快 =have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like doing sth practice doing sth.练习做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事 finish doing sth.完成某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事keep doing sth.坚持做某事.（keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth.）be busy doing sth.忙着做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事make a contribution to doing sth.为.做贡献go on doing sth.继续做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事spend.(in) doing sth.花（时间）来做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做.）来更愿意（做.）28. at the moment = now此刻 29. Host family东道家庭30. Conversation practice会话练习 31. Im sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过 be sorry for为感到抱歉二、单词变形1. stomach-stomachache 2. tooth-teeth-toothache 3.head-headache 4. ill-illness 5.advice-advise 6. early-earlier-earliest7. traditional-tradition 8. believe-belief-believable-unbelievable 9. balance-balanced 10. weak-weakness 11.medicine-medical 12. western-west 13. important-importance-unimportant三、重点知识 1. I have a stomachache. 我肚子痛。-ache为词缀，用在人体部位名词后，构成合成词，表示某部位痛。如：toothache，backache等。常用表达人体部位痛的几种表达形式：A have a +身体部位名词接词缀-ache，例：头痛：_ 牙痛:_B. have a sore+ 身体部位名词。Sore：adj._ 例：嗓子疼：_ 手臂痛：_脚痛：_ 背痛：_C. 身体部位+be + sore.例：我的腿还是很痛。_D. 人体部位+ache或hurt。 Ache和hurt都为动词，意为“疼痛”，做谓语。例：我头痛。_ 我的左脚痛。_E. have a pain + in the +身体部位名词。Pain 为可数名词，意为“身体某部位的疼痛或不适”。例：他手臂痛。_2.lie down and rest 躺下休息 Lie：v.“躺”，不规则动词，过去式_lay_ 现在分词_lying_ 过去分词_lain_ 例：那个老人正躺在床上。_Lie: v. “位于，存在”。例如：中国位于亚洲的东部。_Lie: v. “说谎”，规则动词，过去式及过去分词都是lied, 现在分词为lying.例：别对我说谎。_例外：lie: n. 谎言。例： 说慌_3. You should drink some hot tea with honey.（表建议的说法）Should do sth./should not do sth. Eg. You are tired. You_ _ down and rest. He _ _ be late for the meeting. 4. When did it start? Start: v. _ 例：He starts to learn/learning to play the piano.【辨析】start to do / start doing二者都表示“开始做某事”，但在以下三种情况中，常用to do ，而不用doing。A start本身就用的-ing形式，例：He is starting to watch TV.他正在开始看电视。B 主语是物而不是人，例：The trees start to turn green.树开始变绿。C 其后的动词与感情、想法有关时。例：He started to understand it.他开始明白这件事。5. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快好起来。hope: 希望，祝福。Hope多用于表示对美好事情的盼望、预想；多指将来或现在的事情；对坏事的预想则多用 Im afraid.例：I hope it will be sunny tomorrow. I am afraid he is not in at he moment.表示“希望如此”_ 希望不这样_【辨析】hope与wish的用法A. 两次后都可接宾语从句，但hope表示一种可能实现的愿望，从句用一般现在时或一般将来时。 Wish表示一种不可能实现的愿望，从句谓语一般用一般过去式，过去将来时或过去完成时，表示一种虚拟语气。例：The Smiths hope (that ) they can buy a car.I wish I can fly in the sky like a bird.B. 表达“希望做某事”hope to do sth/ wish to do sth 例： we hope to visit Beijing again.C. 表达“希望某人去做某事”，只能说wish sb. to do sth. 例：Do you wish him to come to your birthday party ?D. Wish 可当“祝愿”讲，wish sb sth.祝愿某人有某物，hope则不能。例：他们祝我们旅途愉快。 They wish us a pleasant journey. 例题：I _ you to come here earlier next time.A.hope B. hoped C. wish D. wishing6. I think so.我想是这样。 think, believe, suppose和imagine后面带宾语从句时，如果宾语从句时否定句，需要把从句部分的not移到主句部分，即否定前移。例：我认为他明天不会回来的。_7. too much, too many, much too用法对比 too much + n.U eg. too much homework 太多家庭作业 too many + n (C) eg:too many people 太多人much too + adj. eg. much too tired 太累了例：The meat is _ expensive and eating _ meat is bad for your health. A. too much, much too B. too much, too much C. much too, too much8. a few 可数，肯定 a little 不可数，肯定 few 可数，否定 little 不可数，否定 例：( )1.There is _ meat in the fridge, you should go to buy some. Afew B. little C. a little D. a few( ) 2. - You look sad, Kate. - Yeah, I have made _ mistakes in my report. A. a little B. little C. a few D. less( ) 3. Im hungry. Please give me _bread to eat. A. a little B. little C. a few D. less9. Its adj. (for sb.) to do sth. = To do sth is adj. for sb. 例：对我们来说吃均衡的饮食很重要。_ _10. I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am. Until: “一直到”，表示动作、状态的延续。如until在肯定句中，其后动词需用延续性动词。例：昨天我们等他一直到下午五点。 We waited for him until 5pm yesterday. Until :在否定句中，常用短暂性动词， not.until，直到才.例：那场大雨直到半夜才停。The heavy rain didnt stop until midnight. 四、本单元语法点-情态动词1. should的用法：（1）.should意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。如：We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。2. must的用法：(1).must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。 Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗？(2)其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”.如：You mustnt play with fire. 你不许玩火。 You mustnt be late.你一定不要迟到。（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt 或dont have to .如： Must I finish my homework? 我现在必须完成作业吗？No, you neednt.不，你不必。 (4)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。【注意】1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to，“不得不”，侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。如：I know I must study hard. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.2. have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在或将来。如：The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。3.may的用法：（1）.表示请求、许可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。【例题】_ I borrow your MP3?Sure. Here you are. A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would (2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢. (3) .may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。 May you be happy! 祝你幸福！ Exercises:1. - May I go out now, Dad? - No. You _ let your mother know first. A. can B. may C. need D. must2. Another cup of tea? No, thanks. I_ be off. Gina is waiting for me.A. can b. must c. may D. could3. _ I use your eraser, Rose? Sure. Here you are.A. Ma