包装机推包机构设计开题报告

欢迎下载本文档参考使用，如果有疑问或者需要CAD图纸的请联系q1484406321编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目： 包装机推包机构设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化专业学 号： 0923018学生姓名： 周 洋 指导教师： 冯鲜（职称：讲师） 2012年5月25日目 录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目： 包装机推包机构设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化 专业学 号： 0923018 学生姓名： 周 洋 指导教师： 冯鲜（职称：讲师 ） 2012年11月26日 课题来源 随着科技的发展，包装机的更新换代，也迫使推包机构的革新，输送产品的过程不可轻视，推包机构的运用影响到包装机的效率和质量，因此设计者在设计推包机的同时大多也提供了推包机构的设计，另外也有人专门为各种设备设计推包机构。包装在当今社会相当流行，对于任何产品出厂的最后一步大多是包装，因此包装机的推包机构也是很有市场的。科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等） 科学意义：包装机械是集机、电、光、声、磁、化、生、美为一体的高技术、高智能、高竞争的产品。发展速度快、更新速度快是它的一大特点。世界上一切高技术成果，都会在包装机械产品中得到应用。迄今,一些科学技术发达的国家,在食品、医药、轻工、化工、纺织、电子、仪表和兵器等工业部门,已经程度不同地形成了由原料处理、中间加工和产品包装三大基本环节所组成的包装连续化和自动化的生产过程,有的还将包装材料加工、包装容器成型及包装成品储存系统都联系起来组成高效率的流水作业线。大量事实表明,实现包装的机械化和自动化,尤其是实现具有高度灵活性(或称柔性)的自动包装线,不仅体现了现代生产的发展方向,同时也可以获得巨大的经济效益。 国内外研究概况及发展水平：国外的包装机械近些年有了新特点，主要有：一是生产高效率；二是资源的高利用率，高度的综合利用和发展循环经济；三是产品高度重视节能，重视降低成本；四是高新技术实用化，提高生产效率，产品上水平、上档次；五是科研成果商品化，使包装机械产品向知识密集化、技术综合化、产品智能化等方面发展。目前，世界各国对包装机械发展十分重视，集机、电、气、光、生、磁为一体的高新技术产品不断涌现生产高效率化、资源高利用化、产品节能化、高新技术实用化、科研成果商业化已成为世界各国包装机械发展的趋势这也是我国包装机械业的发展方向对于我国的包装机械生产企业，并不是求大求全，而是应求精求专。美国、日本、意大利的包装机械生产企业大部分规模不大，但专业化程度很高。我国目前产品结构中以低技术含量为主的状况，应该淘汰一批低效高耗的、低档次、低附加值的、劳动密集型的产品。应用前景：综合考虑不足，资源没有充分利用。我国包装机械设计存在着混乱现象，许多机械设计人员对电机拖动同步技术、伺服传动技术不了解，可用简单的电器设备解决的问题却用复杂的机械装置来实现，有的虽然采用了同步电机等装置来控制机构运行，但选取不当。这些情况不仅造成了资源的极大浪费，而且使设计的机械的性能低下。研究内容1、方案设计。并确定传动系统中各机构的运动尺寸和各构件尺寸。 2、机械部分设计。确定电动机的功率与转速、对部分构件如齿轮进行强度计算，并确定其尺寸。 3、进行推包及结构设计。绘制其装配图。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析研究方法:图解法技术路线：偏执滑块机构与盘形凸轮机构组合可行性分析: 在设计过程中利用机械原理的基本理论关系式和其他数学算式，用图解的方法将设计结果确定出来，这样可以清晰的以线图的形式表现在图纸上，一目了然，具有直观、定性简单、检查解析的正确性方便等特点，因此在该设计中我们采用了图解法。图解法的优势就是在解决简单的机械分析与综合是比较方便，比如可以通过量一些尺寸进而分析运动的合理性和可行性，从而避免一些不必要的繁琐的计算，该方法能够培养我们的工程图算能力。本设计主要利用偏置滑块结构与凸轮机构的组合机构。偏置滑块机构与往复移动凸轮机构相组合。在这个方案中，我们的设计思路是利用偏置滑块结构来实现较大的往复直线运动，而且这个过程中具有急回特性，同时利用往复移动来实现推头的小行程低头运动的要求，所以需要对心曲柄滑块机构将转动变换为移动凸轮的往复直线运动。研究计划及预期成果研究计划：2012年11月07日-2012年11月30日：教师下达毕业设计任务，学生初步阅读资料，完成毕业设计开题报告。2012年12月01日-2012年12月18日：完成开题报告，对包装机的推包机构做大体上的结构设计。2012年12月19日-2012年12月31日：对包装机设计数据做出具体计算。2013年01月01日-2013年02月30日：用CAD画出相关图片。2013年03月01日-2013年04月30日：用CAD画出装配图和零件图。2013年05月01日-2013年06月31日：写论文，修改论文。预期成果：1.方案的确定及优化。2.完成机械部分的设计，包括凸轮、杆、电机、齿轮、轴和轴承的设计。3.完成机械整体结构的设计。4.完成控制系统的设计。特色或创新之处凸轮是槽型的凸轮，这样不但能够让从动件与凸轮之间的连接更加紧凑，而且因为采用了滚动从动件，能使减轻凸轮对它的冲击，从而提高了承载能力。而采用的偏置滑块机构能够实现滑块具有急回特性，使其回程速度高于工作行程速度，以便缩短空回程的时间，提高工作效率。已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题已具备的条件：有充足的图书资源，可以查找相关手册。凸轮结构的设计，在机械原理一书中已学习过。已初步确定方案，对于结构设计已有详细的步骤。尚需解决的问题：控制部分也是相当重要的环节，还需要详细研习，才能完成设计。指导教师意见 指导教师签名：年 月 日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日系意见 主管领导签名： 年 月 日英文原文Design Of Tool Machine Prop Research significanceThe original knife machine control procedures are designed individually, not used tool management system, features a single comparison, the knife only has to find the tool knife, knife positioning the shortest path, axis tool change, but does not support large-scale tool. Automatic knife in the knife election, in the computer memory knife-election on the basis of using the Siemens 840 D features, and the election procedures knife more concise, and complete the space Daotao View. ATC use the knife rapid completion of STEP-7 programming, and have been tested in practice. In the positioning of the knife, PLC controlled modular design method, which future production of similar machines will be very beneficial, it is easy to use its other machine. Automatic tool change systems will be faster growth, reduced tool change time, increase the positioning accuracy tool is an important means to help NC technology development. Tool and inventory components of modern production is an important link in the management, especially for large workshop management. The traditional way of account management, and low efficiency, high error rate, and not sharing information and data, tools and the use of state can not track the life cycle, are unable to meet the current information management needs. With actual production, we have to establish a workshop tool for the three-dimensional tool storage system to meet the knife workshop with auxiliary storage and management needs. The system uses optimization technology, a large number of computer storage inventory information, timely, accurate, and comprehensive tool to reflect the inventory situation. The entire system uses a graphical interface, man-machine dialogue tips from the Chinese menu, select various functions can be realized and the importation of all kinds of information. Management system using online help function. Through the workshop management, network management and sharing of information. Have automated inventory management, warehousing management tool, a tool for the management and statistical functions.1.System components and control structureThe entire system, including the structure and electrical machinery control systems.1.1.1Mechanical structure and working principleTool from the stent, drive, drive system, Turret, shielding, control system, and electrical components. Support from the column, beam, the upper and lower guide Central track, and track support component. 1) Drive for the system chosen VVVF method. Cone used brake motors, with VVVF by Cycloid reducer through sprocket drive. 2) Drag a variable frequency drive system and control technology. VVVF adopted, will speed drive shaft in the normal range adjustment to control the speed rotary turret to 5 30mm in, the drive shaft into two, two under through sprocket, the two profiled rollers Chain driven rotating shelves. Expansion chain adopted by the thread tight regulation swelling, swelling the regular way. - Conditioned, under the same chain-of-conditioning, so that the chain of uniform. 3) Turret and shields the entire total of 14 independent Turret. 13 of them as a socket-Turret, as a drawer-Turret, each Turret back through the pin and, under the conveyor chain link chain plate, installed at the bottom roller, chain driven rotating turret rotation along the track. Outlet-Turret and BT50-BT40 Turret Turret two kinds of forms. To strengthen management, security, landscaping modeling, shelf peripherals and shields. Turret-drawer drawer placed at six other Des Voeux a knife, can be categorized with some of knife auxiliary equipment, such as bits, such as turning tools.1.1.2.Electrical Control SystemThis tool storage systems is the main electrical control their shelves for operational control and position control. Operational control equipment, including operation of the start of braking control. Position Control is the main location and address of the shelves for testing. Control system as shown in Figure 1.图 1 Tool Control System for the1) Electric Transmission horizontal rotary tool storage systems are the mechanical movements are repeated short-term work system. And the run-time system needs some speed, speed transmission needs, the system will use VVVF method can be used simple structure, reliable operation of the motor and frequency inverter. 2) Control of the system is divided into two kinds of manual control and automatic control, manual control as a general reserve and debugging methods of work; ways to the system control computer (IPC) and the control unit (inverter contactor , etc.) consisting of a control system. 3) location and positioning accuracy of the system automatically identify the site and location using a detection device as proximity switches, relays through the plate-point isolation and the number plate recorded close to the switching signal acquisition and operation of Hutchison with a Optimal Path addressable identify the current location and shelves of the purpose of the shelf location. In order to enable a more accurate positioning system, adopted two photoelectric switches, to detect the two shelves of the two films.1.2.The functions of the knifeknife The is the role of reserves a certain number of tools, machine tool spindle in hand to achieve the fungibility a disc cutter knife is the type of library, the chain knives, and other means, in the form of the knife and capacity according to the Machine Tool to determine the scope of the process.1.3.Common typesThe knife is a tool storage devices, the common knife mainly in the following forms: (1) the turret knife Including the first level turret vertical turret and the first two, see Figure 2.6 a) and b):(2) the disc cutter Disc knife in the library with discoid knife, cutting tool along See how vertical arrangement (including radial and axial from knife from knife), along See how radial array into acute or arranged in the form of the knife. Simple, compact, more applications, but are ring-cutter, low utilization of space. Figure 2.7 a) to c). If the knife storage capacity must be increased to increase the diameter of the knife, then the moment of inertia also increased correspondingly, the election campaign long knife. Tool number not more than 32 general. Cutter was multi-loop order of the space utilization knife, but inevitably given the knife from complex institutions, applicable to the restricted space Machine Tool storage capacity and more occasions. Two-disc structure is two smaller capacity knife on both sides of the sub-spindle place, more compact layout, the number of certificates corresponding increase knife, apply to small and medium-sized processing center.(3) the chain knife Including single-and multi-ring chain ring chain, chain link can take many forms change, see Figure 2.8 a) to c), the basic structure shown in Figure 2. 8 doFeatures: knife apply to the larger capacity of the occasion, the space of the small number of generally applicable to the tool in the 30-120. Only increase the length of the chain tool will increase the number should not be increased circumferential speed of its moment of inertia of the knife does not increase the disc as large.(4) linear combination knife and the knife library The linear knife simple structure in Figure 2.9, tool single order, the capacity of small knife, used for CNC lathe and drill press on. Because the location of fixed knife, ATC completed action by the spindle without manipulator. The cutter knife is generally the turret combination turret with a combination of the disc cutter knife and the chain combination. Every single knife the knife certificates of smaller, faster tool change. There are also some intensive drum wheel, and the lattice-type magazine for the knife, the knife-intensive though. Small footprint, but because of structural constraints, basically not used for single processing center, the concentration used for FMS for the knife system.1.4 Tool storage capacityTool storage capacity of the first to consider the needs of processing, from the use of point of view, generally 10 to 40 knives, knife will be the utilization of the high, and the structure is compact.1.5 Tool options(1) choose to order processing tool according to the order, followed Add to the knife every knife in the Block. Each tool change, the order of rotation of a cutter knife on location, and remove the need knives, has been used by the cutter knife can be returned to the original Block, can also order Add Block, a knife. However, as the knife in the tool in different processes can not be repeated use of the knife must increase the capacity and lower utilization rate. (2) most of the arbitrary choice of the current system of using arbitrary NC election knives, divided into Daotao coding, coding and memory-cutter, three. Daotao coding tool code or knives or Daotao need to install the code used to identify, in accordance with the general principle of binary coding coding. Tool knife election coding method uses a special knife handle structure, and each of the coding tool. Each of the tool has its own code, thereby cutting tool can be in different processes repeatedly used, not to replace the tool back at the original knife, the knife capacity can be reduced accordingly. Memory-election this paper knife, in this way can knives and knife in the position corresponding to the Daotao memory of the PLC in the NC system, no matter which tool on the Inner knife, tool information is always there in mind, PLC . On the knife with position detection devices, will be the location of each Daotao. This tool can be removed and sent back to arbitrary. On the knife is also a mechanical origin, every election, the nearest knife selection. 1.6. Control of the knife(1) the knife as a system to control the positioning axis. In the ladder diagram in accordance with the instructions for computing T code comparison of the output angle and speed of instructions to the knife the knife servo drive servo motor. Tool storage capacity, rotation speed, and / deceleration time, and other system parameters can be set in such a manner free from any outside influence positioning accurate and reliable but the cost is higher.(2) knife from the hydraulic motor drives, fast / slow the points, with proximity switches count and positioning. In comparison ladder diagram of the current storage system knife (knife spindle) and goals knife (pre-knife) and computing, then output rotation instructions, judging by the shortest path rotation in place. This approach requires sufficient hydraulic power and electromagnetic valve knife the rotational speed can be adjusted through the throttle. But over time may be oily hydraulic, oil temperature and environmental factors impact the change in velocity and accuracy. Not generally used in large and medium-sized machine tool change frequently.(3) the knife from AC asynchronous motor driven cam mechanism (Markov institutions), with proximity switches count, which means stable operation, and generally accurate and reliable positioning cam used in conjunction with a mechanical hand, ATC fast-positioning.2. ATC, the main types, characteristics, and the scope of application2.1 Auto Rotary ToolRotary Tool automatically on the use of CNC machine tool is a simple installation of automatic tool change, the Quartet and 47.60 Turret Tool various forms, such as rotary turret were installed on four, six or more of the Tool , NC instructions by ATC. Rotary Tool has two vertical and horizontal, relatively simple structure, applicable to economic CNC lathe.Rotary Tool in the structure must have good strength and stiffness, resistance to bear rough Cutting Tool in the cutting force and reduce the role of deformation and improve processing accuracy. Rotating Tool to choose reliable positioning programme structure and reasonable position, in order to ensure that each rotary turret to a higher position after repeated positioning accuracy (typically 0.001 to 0.005mm). Figure 2.1 shows the spiral movements of the Quartet Turret.Auto Rotary Tool in the simplest of ATC, is 180 rotary ATC devices, as shown in Figure 2.2 ATC instructions received, the machine control system put ATC spindle control to the designated location at the same time, the tool movement to the appropriate location, ATC, with the rotary axis and at the same time, the knives matching tool; drawbars from Spindle Cutting Tools rip, ATC, will be the tool from their position removed; ATC, 180 rotary tool spindle and the tool and tool away; ATC, the Rotary At the same time, the tool refocusing its position to accept Spindle removed from the cutting tool; Next, ATC, will be replaced with the cutter knives were unloaded into the spindle and tool: Finally, back to the original ATC, standby position. At this point, ATC completed procedures to continue to run. This ATC, the main advantage of simple structure, the less movement, fast tool change. The main disadvantage is that knives must be kept in parallel with the axis of the plane, and after the home side compared to the tool, chip and liquid-cutting knife into the folder, it is necessary to the tool plus protection. Cone knife folder on the chip will cause ATC error, or even damage knife folders, and the possibility of spindle. Some processing centre at the transfer, and the tool side. When the ATC command is called, the transfer-cutter knives will be removed, the machine go forward, and positioning with the ATC, in line with the position. 180 Rotary ATC devices can be used horizontal machine, can also be used for vertical machining centers.2. 2 ATC head-turret installedWith rotating CNC machine tool often used such ATC devices, with a few turret head spindle, each with a spindle on both knives, the first tower interim process can be automatic tool change-realization. The advantage is simple structure, tool change time is short, only about 2 s. However, due to spatial constraints, the number of spindle can not be too much, usually only apply to processes less, not to high precision machine tools, such as the NC drill, such as CNC milling machine. In recent years there has been a mechanical hand and the turret head with a knife for the automatic tool change ATC devices, as shown in Figure 2.3. It is in fact a turret head ATC, and the knife-ATC device combination. The principle is as follows:5 turret on the first two tool spindle 3 and 4, when using the tool spindle 4 processing tool, the manipulator 2 will be the next st