中考英语一模复习 阅读完形辅导课件.ppt

1 readingforgist mainidea 2010 4 2 中考对阅读理解的考查 1 事实判断 3 判断推理题 4 主旨大意题 2 词义推断题 3 各类文章的主题通常只有一个 中心思想是作者试图表达的最重要的观点 其它所有句子都是细节 所有细节构成并支持文章的中心思想 主旨大意题 4 主旨大意题 其主要提问方式是有 1 whichisthebesttitleofthepassage 2 whichofthefollowingisthispassageabout 3 inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat 4 thepassagetellsusthat 5 thispassagemainlytalksabout 5 在一篇短文或一个段落中 大部分主题的位置情况有四种 1 主题句在段首或篇首2 主题句在段末或篇末3 除了抓住文章的开头和结尾之外 还要抓住每段的主题句 对抓住文章的中心很有帮助 4 无主题句 解题思路关键在于抓主题句 6 例题分析1dogscomeinallsizes greatdanesareverybig irishsettersaremediumsize pekinesesareverysmall 1 主题句在段首或篇首 7 例题分析2 05阅读 篇 thesestrategies 策略 willhelpyoulearnhowtotaketestsandshowwhatyouknow 文章首句 1 readtestdirections 说明 carefully2 planyourtime3 readitems 题干 again 1 主题句在段首或篇首 strategies 8 57 inthepassage thewritermainlywants a toshowusthedifferencesbetweenthetestsb tohelpustolearnhowtodowellintestsc toteachushowtofindthekeywordsintheitemsd tointroducethewaystochoosethebestanswers 9 insectscomeinmanysizes somearebigandsomearesmall thesmallestonesaresosmallthatittakesonehundredofthemtoformoneinch thebiggestinsectsarenotbig buttheyareonethousandtimesasbigasthesmallest theyareaboutteninchesinlength 1 theparagraphismainlyabout a thesmallestinsectsb thebiggestinsectsc thesizeofinsectsd thelengthofinsects exercise1 insectscomeinmanysizes 10 fireworkssafetystartsbeforeafireworkisevensold itbeginswiththeproducers whoneedtofollowstrictrulesinmakingtheirfireworks thatdoesn tmeaneveryfireworkissafeenough though 53 what sthearticlemainlyabout a dangeroffireworksb troublefromfireworksc fireworkssafetyd fireworksprotection exercise2 11 例题分析1ifyoubuysomewell madeclothes youcansavemoneybecausetheycanlastlonger theylookgoodevenaftertheyhavebeenwashedmanytimes sometimessomeclothescostmoremoney butitdoesnotmeanthattheyarealwaysbettermade ortheyalwaysfitbetter inotherwords somelessexpensiveclotheslookandfitbetterthanmoreexpensiveclothes 本段前面列举了两件事实 最后一句话是对这两个事实的概括 有些价钱便宜的衣服比价钱贵的衣服更好看 更合身 段末这个句子就是主题句 2 主题句在段末或篇末 12 例题分析2atthattime iwastooyoungtounderstandhiswords butlaterafterthat igotnewhopeandconfidence ifoundmyselfstandingatthetopofthemountain andthere ihopeseethewholeofthesky whichwasasclearascrystal 水晶 thelastparagraph 54 thebesttitleforthepassageis a reachingthetopofthemountainb standingatthetopofthemountainc conversationbetweenfatherandsond howtogettothetopofthemountain 2 主题句在段末或篇末 ifoundmyselfstandingatthetopofthemountain 13 withoutthepolice ourstreetswouldnotbesafe carsmightgotoofastandhurtpeople lostpeoplemightneverbefound thepolicedoagoodjob weneedthem andweshouldthankthemforajobwelldone thelastparagraph 4 thetextismainlytalkingaboutthe ofthepolice a lifeb roadc jobd day exercise1 thepolicedoagoodjob weneedthem andweshouldthankthemforajobwelldone 14 latersomeoneaskedjay whydidn tyoutakethelotteryticketforyourself hesaid althoughidon thavemuchmoney ilivehappily butifilosehonesty iwon tbehappyforever thelastparagraph thebesttitleofthetextcouldbe a apooryoungmusicianb thepriceofloveandhonestyc astoryofthesubwaystationd theimportanceofbeinghonest exercise2 althoughidon thavemuchmoney ilivehappily butifilosehonesty iwon tbehappyforever 15 09中考c篇 例题分析58 whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage a thebody brainlinkb thecausesofstressc theadviceonhealthd thenervoussystem 3 除了抓住文章的开头和结尾之外 还要抓住每段的主题句 对抓住文章的中心很有帮助 16 thefirstparagraph it s2009 youfeelsick soyougotothedoctor shechecksyourfever looksatyourthroat andaskswhatyou vebeenthinkingaboutlately whenyouleave shegivesyousomemedicine butalsoalistofthinkingskillsthatyouaresupposedtopracticedaily shesaysthatthewayyouthinkiscausingsomeofyourillness 首段的首句或最后一句是关键 17 thelastparagraph thelink 关联 betweenyourbodyandbrainworksintwoways yourbodycanhelpyourminddealwithstress ifyouareunderstress youneedtotakeespeciallygoodcareofyourbody 18 4 无主题句 需要归纳 概括 有时候文章中没有中心句 这时的中心思想是由每句话而支撑的 我们可以首先找出每一段的中心意思 各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的 或者说是来说明一个问题的 这个中心或这个问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思 例题分析1ellareadseveryday shereadsatbreakfast shereadsinschool shewouldratherreadthanplay ellalikestoread 19 例题分析2killerbeesstartedinbrazil1957 ascientistinsaopaulowantedbeestomakemorehoney 蜂蜜 soheputforty sixafricanbeeswithsomebrazilianbees thebeesbred 繁殖 andmadeanewkindofbees butthenewbeeswereamistake theydidn twanttomakemorehoney theywantedtoattack then byaccident twenty sixafricanbeesescapedandbredwiththebrazilianbeesoutside scientistscouldnotcontrol 控制 theproblem thebeesincreasedfast theywentfrombraziltovenezuela thentheywenttocentralamerica nowtheyareinnorthamerica theytravelabout390milesayear eachgroupofbeesgrowsfourtimesayear thismeansonemillionnewgroupseveryfiveyears 20 whyarepeopleafraidofkillerbees peopleareafraidfortworeasons first thebeessting 叮 manymoretimesthanusualbees killerbeescanstingsixtytimesaminutenonstopfortwohours second killerbeesattackingroups fourhundredbeestingscankillaperson alreadyseveralhundredpeoplearedead nowkillerbeesareintexas inafewyearstheywillreachallovertheunitedstates peoplecandonothingbutwait 21 thebesttitleofthepassageis a howtomakemorehoneyb killerbeesc afoolishscientistd howtofeedkillerbees 这篇短文表面看起来没有主题句 那末怎样来确定它的中心意思呢 我们先找出每一段的大意 第一段讲的是 killerbees 的产生 第二段讲的是 killerbees 的急剧增加 第三段讲的是人们害怕 killerbees 的原因 第四段讲的是 killerbees 已经杀死的人数和将来的状况 从这几段的大意可以看出这篇文章自始至终都是围绕 killerbees 这一中心展开的 换句话说 killerbees 就是这篇文章的主题 22 whenyoucoughorsneeze you dbetterturnyourheadawayfromothersandcoveryourmouthwiththefullpartofyourhand andthen youshouldsay excuseme ifyoucometoadoorandsomeoneisfollowingyou holdthedoor ifthedooropensbypulling pullitopen standtotheside andallowtheotherpersontopassthroughfirst thenyoucanwalkthrough ifthedooropensbypushing holdthedoorafteryoupassthrough whenwehavetogoupmovingstairs wewillstandtotheright thatwillgiveotherswhoareinahurryachoiceofwalkingupthelefthandsideofthemovingstairs whenwearegoingtoenteralift theunderground oradoorway wewillwaitforotherstoexitbeforeweenter exercise1 09中考b篇 23 1 whenyoucoughorsneeze turnyourheadawayandcoveryourmouth2 ifyoucometoadoor holdthedoor3 whenwehavetogoupmovingstairs standtotheright4 whenwearegoingtoenteralift theunderground oradoorway waitforotherstoexit 24 54 thepassageismainlyabout a therulesofbehaviourinpublicb thewaysofcommunicationc theactsofkindnessamongpeopled theknowledgeofsociallife 25 let shaveacompetition 26 nothinglivesalone mostanimalsmustliveinagroup andevenaplantgrowsclosetogetherwithothersofthesamekind sometimesonelivingthingkillsanother oneeatsandtheotheriseaten eachkindoflifeeatsanotherkindoflifeinordertolive andtogethertheyformafoodchain 食物链 somefoodchainsbecomebrokenupifoneofthelinksdisappears whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage a animalsb plantsc foodchainsd livingthings passage1 alllivingthingsontheearthneedotherlivingthingstolive alllivingthingsontheearthneedotherlivingthingstolive 27 manychildrenwhodon tliketoasktheirownteachersforextrahelpcancontactaspecialwebsite astudentwilloftenunderstandtheworkbetterandsay oh that swhatmyteachermeant q thestorytellsmainly a whichcitieshavespecialwebsitesb howstudentscangethomeworkhelpc whystudentsdon taskparentsforhelp passage2 insomecitiesstudentscanusetheirhomecomputerstoaskateacherforhomeworkhelp insomecitiesstudentscanusetheirhomecomputerstoaskateacherforhomeworkhelp 28 mushroomsdon tgrowontrees ifyouseemushroomsstuckbetweenthebranches youknowtheywereputthere mostlikelyitwastheworkofaredsquirrel redsquirrelslikemushrooms theyliketoputthemintrees thentheyhavefoodtoeatinthewinter q thestorytellsmainlya whytherearemushroomsintrees b whysquirrelslikemushrooms c wheretogrowmushrooms passage3 29 didyouknowthatjustasmallpartofallthesaltintheworldisputintofoodtomakethefoodtastebetter therearehundredsofotherusesforsaltthough intheunitedstatesmoresaltisusedformeltingsnowandiceonroadsthanforanyotherpurpose q thestorytellsmainly a abouttwousesofsaltb howtomeltsnowc howtochopice passage4 30 iswebdesignallaboutcomputerprogramming no it saboutmakingsomethingnew itmustlookgoodandbefuntouse abigpartofwebdesignisart theychoosethebestpicturesandcolorstomakethewebsitelookgood theyalsowritethethingsthatyouseeonthewebsite thispassageismainlyabout a computerprogramminglanguageb thewebdesigners workc thewebmanager sworkd thewaytogetontotheinternet passage4 animportantpartoftheirjobistoshare 分享 ideaswiththewebsitemanagerabouthowtodesignthewebsitewell animportantpartoftheirjobistoshare 分享 ideaswiththewebsitemanagerabouthowtodesignthewebsitewell webdesignersmustimagingalotwhentheyaremakingawebsite 31 manylibrariansholdan amnestyweek fromtimetotimesothatbookborrowerswhohavenotreturnedbooksontimemayhaveachancetoreturnthem ifborrowersreturnbooksduring amnestyweek theydon thavetopaythefines whenonegroupoflibrariesheldsuchaweek 528bookswerereturnedinoneday oneofthesehadbeenborrowedin1927 anotherin1918 32 theparagraphtellsmainly howwell amnestyweek worksforlibrariesb why528bookswerereturnedtolibrariesinoncountyc howthelibrarygotbackanoldbookd howlongbookborrowerskeepthebookstheyborrow 33 2005 beijing c sometimes peoplearenotclearaboutwhatkindoffoodishealthy andwhatkindoffoodmaydoharmtoourhealth theusdahaspreparedafoodguidetohelppeoplelearnaboutwhichkindoffoodisthehealthiesttoeat thefoodguidedescribessixmainfoodgroups meat likefishandchicken diary likemilkandcheese grains likebreadandrice fruit andvegetables thelastgroupisfatsandsweets theusdaalsosuggests 建议 howmuchofeachfoodgroupishealthytoeatdaily thoughthisguidewaspreparedbytheusgovernment itisveryusefulforpeopleallovertheworld 34 2004 beijing 阅读与表达 readingforpleasureistheeasiestwaytobecomeabetterreaderinenglish itisalsothemostimportantway amobilephoneisinfactasmallradio aradiosendsaperson svoiceoveralongwaytoanotherradio avoicethatissentbyradioiscalledasignal 信号 aradiosignaltravelsveryquickly 35 技巧 选空不选实 选粗不选细 36 2008 北京cwhatisthesmall worldtheorymainlyabout a howfarbenisawayfromdr king b howmanypeopleonecangettoknow c howpeopleareconnectedintheworld d howthedegreesofsepatationaresetup 37 whatisthepurposeofthearticle 07 课标 toshowthatpeanuts