呼啸山庄英文评价.doc

Wuthering heights novel evaluation中广教育 04月30日 16:26More education 04 June 30, beside在英国十九世纪现实主义女作家盖斯凯尔夫人（18101865）的著名传记夏洛蒂?勃朗特传（“LifeofCharlotteBronteD”）里，有一段关于艾米莉?In Britain the nineteenth century realism writer gaskell lady (1810-1865) of the famous biography charlotte Brontes preaching? ( LifeofCharlotteBronteD ) 6, a paragraph about Emily?勃朗特弥留之际的描写：Bronte of dying description: “十二月的一个星期二的早晨，她起来了，和往常一样地穿戴梳洗，时不时地停顿一下，但还是自己动手做自己的事，甚至还竭力拿起针线活来。仆人们旁观着，懂得那种窒人的急促的呼吸和眼神呆钝当然是预示着什么，然而她还继续做她的事，夏洛蒂和安，虽然满怀难言的恐惧，却还抱有一线极微弱的希望。时至中午，艾米莉的情况更糟了：她只能喘着说：如果你请大夫来，我现在要见他。这时已经太迟了。两点钟左右她死去了。”The December on a Tuesday morning, her up, and the usual wear from time to time to wash and dress, pause, but still to make his own their own things, and even tried to picked up her work to. Your servants, Zhi knew that on the sidelines of the shortness of breath and eyes stay, of course, is that what blunt, but she also continue to do her, charlottes and Ann, although the warmth with fear, but still have a line very weak hope. to noon, Emily situation worse: she can only breathe heavily said: if you call a doctor, now I want to see him. then it was too late. Two o clock or so she died.在夏洛蒂的书简中记下了不少在艾米莉去世后她的哀伤与感触的文字，这里就不一一赘述了。In charlottes write down a lot of letters 7 in Emily died her grief and feelings of words, here is differ a tautology.艾米莉?Emily?勃朗特的一生就介绍到这里。Life is introduced to the Bronte here.英国著名诗人及批评家马修?The famous British poet and critic Matthew?阿诺德 （MatthewAmold，18221888），曾写过一首诗叫做豪渥斯墓园，其中凭吊艾米莉?Arnold 8) (MatthewAmold, 1822-1888), had written a poem called ward Howe, cemetery, thinking of Emily?勃朗特的诗句说，她的心灵中的非凡的热情，强烈的情感、忧伤、大胆是自从拜伦死后无人可与之比拟的。Bronte verse said, her heart in the special passion and strong emotions, grief and bold is byron died since no one in the match.呼啸山庄是一部有丰富象征意义的小说，在艺术手法上，结合了现实主义，浪漫主义，象征主义的边县手法。Wuthering heights is a rich symbolic novels, in art technique, combined with the realistic, romantic, symbolism edge county gimmick.一方面通过曲折生动的故事情节，典型的任务形象塑造，表象了英国乡村庄园的日常生活，爱情婚姻，反映19世纪特殊的历背景下，原离都市的庄园生活所受到的外来影响。On the one hand through the twists and turns of the vivid story, the task of typical image, the image of the English country manor daily life, love of marriage, reflect the 19 th century special calendar background, from the citys manor life by the foreign influence.同时，小说通过一系列的象征手法，曲折地表达了一种隐蔽的“反家庭”倾向，如画眉山庄的排外与封闭，呼啸山庄的混乱无序。At the same time, the novel through a series of symbolism, twists to express a covert the family tendency, such as the grange and closed the xenophobic, wuthering heights of the disorder.另一方面，小说采用了大量的象征手法，梦境的运用，超自然力的表现等等。On the other hand, the novel a lot of symbolism, dreams, the application of super natural force performance and so on.在小说中，对大自然的描绘占有重要地位，作者通过人物的性格特征，人内心的风暴与大自然的风暴对应描写，表现了人与自然的密切联系。In the novel, to nature depict occupies an important position, the author through character characteristic and inner storm and the nature of the storm corresponding description, express the people and the natural close contact.小说中对于自然充满浪漫主义的激情描写，传达了鲜明的地方色彩。In the novel for natural full of romantic passion description, communicate the distinctive local color.寂寞的沼泽峡谷，荒凉的山顶上，被风雨摧残的荒野，寒冷的空气，坚硬的土地，形象地传达了苍凉荒凉所特有的那种惊心动魄的狂野。The lonely marsh canyon, the desolate the top of the hill, be rain damaged wilderness, the cold air, hard land, image to convey the desolate waste peculiar that thrilling wild.在小说中，大自然作为男女主人公逃避家庭带来的痛苦的避难所，与家庭封闭，压抑的空间形成了鲜明的对照。In the novel, nature as the hero and heroine escape family brings the pain refuge, and family closed, depressive space formed a striking contrast.可以说，她这部唯一留下的小说之所以震撼了人们心灵也就为此。Can say, she left the only novel was shocked the people heart also for this.关于呼啸山庄这部书，在世界文坛上多年来每谈及十九世纪西欧文学，必会涉及呼啸山庄的探讨。About wuthering heights this book, in the world literary world for years about the nineteenth century Western Europe every literature, it will involve wuthering heights discussed.有不少著名评论家及小说家都曾有专文论述。Many famous critic and novelist had discussed all the negativity.如：英国著名女作家弗吉尼亚?Such as: the famous British writer Virginia?伍尔夫（ViginiaWoolf，18821941）在一九一六年就写过简爱与呼啸山庄一文。Virginia Woolf (ViginiaWoolf, 1882-1941) 9) in 1916 wrote and a cent.她将这两本书作了一个比较。She put the two book made a comparison.她写道：She wrote:“当夏洛蒂写作时，她以雄辩、光彩和热情说我爱，我恨，我受苦。她的经验，虽然比较强烈，却是和我们自己的经验都在同一水平上。但是在呼啸山庄中没有 我，没有家庭女教师，没有东家。有爱，却不是男女之爱。艾米莉被某些比较普遍的观念所激励，促使她创作的冲动并不是她自己的受苦或她自身受损害。她朝着一个四分五裂的世界望去，而感到她本身有力量在一本书中把它拼凑起来。那种雄心壮志可以在全部小说中感觉得到一种部分虽受到挫折，但却具有宏伟信念的挣扎，通过她的人物的口中说出的不仅仅是我爱或我恨，却是我们，全人类和你们，永存的势力这句话没有说完。”When charlottes writing, with her speech, glorious and enthusiasm, I love and I hate and I suffer . Her experience, although more intense, but with our own experience at the same level. But in wuthering heights in no I, no family female teachers, no club. There is love, but not the love of men and women. Emily was some common idea of incentives for her creative impulse and not her own suffering or the damage of her own. She headed in a split the world looks, and feel she itself has the power in a book put it up. That kind of ambition piece together in all novel feel-a part of the frustration is, but it is the belief of grand struggle, through her characters lips is not only the I love or I hate, but we all mankind, and you, eternal forces. this speech not finished.英国进步评论家阿诺?British progress critics Arnold?凯特尔（ArnoldKettle）在英国小说引论一书中第三部分论及十九世纪的小说时，也有专文为呼啸山庄作了较长的评论，他总结说：KaiTeEr (ArnoldKettle) in the British novel papaer, the third part of the nineteenth century when the novel discussed, also have obit for wuthering heights for a long comment, he concluded.“呼啸山庄以艺术的想象形式表达了十九世纪资本主义社会中的人的精神上的压迫、紧张与矛盾冲突。这是一部毫无理想主义、毫无虚假的安慰，也没有任何暗示说操纵他们的命运的力量非人类本身的斗争和行动所能及。对自然，荒野与暴风雨，星辰与季节的有力召唤是启示生活本身真正的运动的一个重要部分。呼啸山庄中的男男女女不是大自然的囚徒，他们生活在这个世界里，而且努力去改变它，有时顺利，却总是痛苦的，几乎不断遇到困难，不断犯错误。”Wuthering heights to the art of imagination express the nineteenth century in the capitalist society of mental pressure, tension and conflict. This is a no idealism, no false comfort, nor is there any hint that the fate of manipulating their power of the human itself of struggle and action can and to nature, and wilderness. With the storm season and the powerful, the star is called revelation life itself real game is an important part of wuthering heights. The men and women is not the nature of the pa, they live in this world, and work hard to change it, sometimes smooth, but always painful, almost continually meet with difficulties, making mistakes.而英国当代著名小说家及创作家毛姆（William Somer Eset Maugham，18741985），在一九四八年应美国“大西洋”杂志请求向读者介绍世界文学十部最佳小说时，他选了英国小说四部，其中之一便是呼啸山庄，他在长文中最后写道： “我不知道还有哪一部小说其中爱情的痛苦、迷恋、残酷、执著，曾经如此令人吃惊地描述出来。呼啸山庄使我想起埃尔?格里科的那些伟大的绘画中的一幅，在那幅画上是一片乌云下的昏暗的荒瘠土地的景色，雷声隆隆拖长了的憔悴的人影东歪西倒，被一种不是属于尘世间的情绪弄得恍恍惚惚，他们屏息着。铅色的天空掠过一道闪电，给这一情景加上最后一笔，增添了神秘的恐怖之感。”And the famous contemporary British novelist and creators Maugham (William Somer Eset Maugham, 1874-1985) , in 1948 the United States should be Atlantic magazine introduces the reader to request the literary world of ten best novel, he chose English novels of four, one of which is wuthering heights, in which he played the last deregulation plan wrote: I dont know what a novel of the pain of love, infatuation, cruel, persistent, once so amazingly describe them. Wuthering heights reminds me of el? GeLiKe of those great of painting a picture, in the picture is a dark clouds of dim a barren land scenery, rumble of thunder dragging out of the shadow of crooked west east gaunt, be a kind of not pour belongs to the mood of the earthly things got drifted off, and they hold their breath lead the sky color. Over a flash of lightning, and to give this a scene and finally a, added a mysterious terrorist feeling.总之，呼啸山庄是一部伟大的作品，也有誉之为“最奇特的小说”的。In short, wuthering heights is a great work of art, also have the reputation as the most peculiar novel.但是正如阿诺德?But as Arnold?凯特尔所说：“希刺克厉夫的反抗是一种特殊的反抗，是那些在肉体上和精神上被这同一社会（指维多利亚时期的社会）的条件与社会关系贬低了的工人的反抗。希刺克厉夫后来的确不再是个被剥削者，然而也的确正因为他采用了统治阶级的标准（以一种甚至使统治阶级本身也害怕的残酷无情的手段），在他早期的反抗中和在他对凯瑟琳的爱情中所暗含的人性价值也就消失了。在凯瑟琳与希刺克厉夫的关系中所包含的一切，在人类的需求和希望中所代表的一切，只有通过被压迫的积极反抗才能实现。”KaiTeEr said: heathcliff resistance is a special kind of resistance, is in the flesh and spirit who was the same social (refers to Victorian society) conditions and social relationship between the workers as the resistance. Heathcliff later indeed no longer a exploiters, but does he adopted because of the ruling class standard (with a kind of even make the ruling class itself also fear of the cruel means), in his early resistance and in him to Catherine of love of the implications of human value also disappeared. In Catherine and heathcliff relationship contain everything, in human needs and hope to represent all, it is only through the oppressed against can realize positive.希刺克厉夫与凯瑟琳的社会悲剧就在于凯瑟琳意识到他们的社会地位悬殊，却幻想借她所羡慕的林敦家的富有来“帮助希刺克厉夫高升”，使她哥哥“无权过问”。Heathcliff and Catherine social tragedy is that Katherine conscious of their social status to one, but through her fantasy the desire of the rich LinDui home to help heathcliff exalted, make her brother has no right to intervene .这当然是不可能的，从后来希刺克厉夫再度出现时，林敦建议让他坐在厨房而不必请到客厅里坐，就可以看得出来。Of course it was impossible, from later heathcliff again, LinDui advice that he sat in the kitchen and dont need to please to sit in the sitting room, can see come out.这就铸成了大错，她陷入自己亲手编织的罗网。This is a big mistake a molten image, she caught in the net of personally weave.而在她已经答应嫁给林敦后分明还说：And in her has promised to marry after LinDui trenchant says:“在这个世界上，我的最大的悲痛就是希刺克厉夫的悲痛，而且我从一开始就注意并且感受到了，在我的生活中，他是我思想的中心。如果别的一切都毁灭了，而他还留下来，我就能继续活下去，如果别的一切都留下来，而他给消灭了，这个世界对于我将成为一个极陌生的地方。我就不像是它的一部分。我对林敦的爱像是树林中的叶子：我完全晓得，在冬天改变树木的时候，时光便会改变叶子。我对希刺克厉夫的爱恰似下面的恒久不变的岩石，虽然看起来它给你的愉快并不多，可是这点愉快却是必需的。耐莉，我就是希刺克厉夫！他永远永远地在我心里”In this world, my biggest sorrow is heathcliffs grief, and from the beginning, I note and feeling, in my life, I thought he was the center of the other. If everything was destroyed, and he also to stay, I can continue to live, if all else is to stay, and he gave destroyed, the world for me will be a very strange place. I dont like a part of it. I love to LinDui like leaves in the trees: I completely know, in winter trees, time of change will change leaves. I to heathcliff love just like the following constant rock, although it seems that it to you is not much, but this happy happy is necessary. Lisa, I be resistance heathcliff! He always forever in my heart.而这样她竟背叛了她最爱的人，也就是背叛了自己，那么她就只能在自己编织的罗网中挣扎着死去，在死去以前，希刺克厉夫悲愤地责备她：“你为什么欺骗你自己的心呢你害死了你自己。悲惨、耻辱和死亡，以及上帝或撒旦所能给的一切打击和痛苦都不能分开我们，而你，却出于你自己的心意，这样作了。”And so she rebelled against her favorite, and also is against himself, so she can only in the net of weaving struggling die, die in before, heathcliff grief and indignation to blame her: why did you deceive you your heart well. you kill you. miserable, shame and death, and god or satan can give all of the strike and pain can separate us, and you, but out of your own mind, did so.又说：“我爱害了我的人可是害了你的人呢？我又怎么能够爱他？”And he said: I love hurt me-but hurt you? How can I love him?这就导致了希刺克厉夫的悲剧不惜用残酷手段来进行报复。This has the heathcliffs tragedy-with cruel at means to revenge.他被私有制社会所摒弃，却仍旧用私有制社会的斗争手段来进行反抗。He was private ownership society abandoned, but still struggle with private ownership society means to fight back.他没有财产，却掠夺了财产，自己成了庄园主；He has no property, but looted property, a plantation owners;他自幼被辛德雷嘲弄、贬低、辱骂，被人降到一个乡巴佬的仆人的地位，若干年后他又反过来以其人之道向其子进行报复，结果他的胜利必然等于他自己精神上的失败。He XinDeLei from taunt and belittle, abusive, by the person to a redneck servant status, after a few years he, in turn, to pay a person in his own way to its revenge, and the results of his victory inevitable equal to his own spiritual failure.当他发现林敦的女儿（也就是凯瑟琳的女儿）和辛德雷的儿子（也就是凯瑟琳的侄子）两人的眼睛完全和凯瑟琳生前的眼睛一模一样时，当他发现哈里顿（辛德雷之子）仿佛就是他的青春的化身时，他再也不想抬起手来打他们了。When he found out that the daughter of LinDui (that is, Kathleens daughter) and XinDeLei son (that is, Catherines nephew) two peoples eyes were completely and Catherine was exactly the same eyes, when he found that harrys (the son of XinDeLei) is like his youthful incarnation, he didnt want to raise hand to play them.他自己承认“这是一个很糟糕的结局”，他已不想报复，因为这样的“以眼还眼、以牙还牙” 的复仇方式必然只能走向寂寞与空虚！He admitted that this is a terrible outcome, he already dont want revenge, because such an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth revenge mode must be can only to a lonely and empty!无论如何，希刺克厉夫就那个时代来说，是值得同情的人物，他的复仇是可以理解的。However, Mr Heathcliff is that era, it is worth sympathetic character, his revenge is understandable.十几年来，凯瑟琳的孤魂在旷野上彷徨哭泣，等待着希刺克厉夫，终于希刺克厉夫离开了人世，他们的灵魂不再孤独，黑夜里在旷野上，山岩底下散步For over ten years, Catherine lone soul on the stray cry, waiting for he