强调结构“it is +...+that从句”应注意的几个问题.doc

强调结构“It is+that从句”应注意的几个问题“It is/was + 被强调部分+that /who +其他”这一结构是最典型的强调结构，也是历年高考的重点。它的特点是去掉it was .that这一框架后，所剩部分仍为一个完整的句子。如：It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages that attracted the audiences interest. 吸引听众兴趣的是那个年轻人如何学会了五种语言。使用这一结构要注意以下几点：一、主谓一致1、that who后面的谓语要与主句一致。如：It is Lucy who (that) often helps me with my English. 是Lucy经常帮助我学习英语。（主语是Lucy）It is Lucy and Lily that (who) often help me with my English. 是Lucy和Lily经常帮助我学习英语。（主语是Lucy和Lily）尤其需要注意的是，在强调either or, neither nor , not onlybut also等词组所构成的句子时，that或who后的谓语动词要根据就近原则，如：It was neither you nor he that is willing to the Great Wall. 既不是你也不是他愿意去长城。在强调有as well as, notbut, together with, except, like等短语构成的句子时，谓语动词要与这些词前面名词数一致，如：It was he as well as his classmates that has ever been to Suzhou. 是他，还有他的同学，曾经去过苏州。It was Mr. Green, together with his wife and children is in China now. 是格林先生和他的妻儿已来到了中国。2、that或who之前的谓语动词即使被强调部分是复数含义，但仍用单数形式。如：It was three books that they bought the day before yesterday. 他们前天买的是三本书。It was four friends that I met in the street yesterday. 昨天在大街上我遇到的是4个朋友。二、与疑问句的转换1、变为一般疑问句时，直接将is (was) 置于句首构成疑问语序，回答要用it is/was。如：Was it you that I saw last night at the concert ? No, it wasnt. 我昨天晚上在音乐会上看到的是你吗？不是。Wasnt it Mr. Wang who spoke to you just now ? Yes, it was. 刚才跟你说话的是王先生吗？是的。2、如果原句是特殊疑问句，就特殊疑问句强调时，要将疑问句词置于句首，原句中的疑问语序也要变成陈述语序，即：疑问句 is( was ) it that 其他成分，如：How did you get to know my telephone number? How was it that you got to know my telephone number ? 你是如何知道我的电话号码的？Who did you spoke to just now? Who was it that you spoke to just now? 刚才跟你说话的是谁呀？When did you finish your homework last night? When was it that you finished your homework last night? 昨天晚上你是什么时候完成作业的？三、强调含有“Not .until.”结构的句子时要用“It is /was not until that ”结构，that后的句子要用肯定句，且须用陈述句语序。It was not until dark that he realized it was too late to return home. 直到天黑他才意识到天太晚了，回不了家了。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下她的墨镜，我才认出她是著名的电影明星。四、如果强调原因状语从句，原因状语从句的连词只能用because，不能用since或as等。如：It was because he was ill that he didnt go to work. 他没有去上班，是因为他病了。It was because Im busy that I wont see the film. 我不想去看电影是因为我忙。五、与定语从句的区别这一强调结构与定语从句最根本的区别就是去掉it was .that这一框架后，所剩部分仍为一个完整的句子。它可以强调主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语；强调时间、地点时不能用when或where，只能用that；若时间状语、地点状语是介词短语，其中的介词绝对不能省略。如：It was at the street corner that I met Lucy yesterday. 昨天我是在街道拐角处遇见露茜的。(强调句)It was the street corner where I met Lucy yesterday. 这就是昨天我遇见露茜的街道拐角。(定语从句)练一练：1. It was only with the help of the local guide _. (2004上海春季)A. was the mountain climber rescuedB. that the mountain climber was rescuedC. when the mountain climber was rescuedD. then the mountain climber was rescued2. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (2003上海)A. who B. that C. how D. what 3. It was because of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off. (2003上海春季)A. so B. so that C. why D. that4. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET 2000)A. one B. that C. what D. this5. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. ( 1999上海)A. what, that B. that, that C. what, what D. that , what 6. It was only when I reread the poems recently _ I began to appreciated their beauty. (NMET 1998)A. until B. that C. then D. so7. _ was in 1979 _ I graduated from the university. (上海 1998)A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when8. It was about 600 years ago _the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET 1997)A. that B. until C. before D. when9. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began. (NMET1995)A. while B. which C. that D. since 10. It was in Beihai Park _ t