全新版大学英语（第二版）2unit1课件

BR main EnglishSong TeachYourChildren AboutEducation Warm upQuestions BR EnglishSong EnglishSong TeachYourChildren TeachYourChildren QuestionsandAnswers IntroductoryRemarks Crosby StillsandNash BR AboutEducation AboutEducation ASurvey APracticalExperiment EducationintheWest BR IntroductoryRemarks Waysoflearning isthetopicofthisunit Itisalsothetopicofthesongyouareabouttolistento calledTeachYourChildrensungbyCrosby StillsandNash IntroductoryRemarks BR IntroductoryRemarks2 BR TeachYourChildren1 TeachYourChildren Directions Listentothesongandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear You whoareMustthatyoucanliveby Andso becomeyourself Because isjustagoodbye Teachyourchildrenwell Theirfather shelldidslowlygoby AndfeedthemTheonetheypicks theoneyou llknowby ontheroad haveacode thepast onyourdreams BR TeachYourChildren2 Don tyoueveraskthemwhy iftheytoldyou youwillcry Sojustlookatthemandsighandknowtheyloveyou Andyou oftenderyears Can tthatyoureldersgrewby Andsopleasehelpthemwithyouryouth Theybeforetheycandie Teachyourparentswell Theirchildren shellwillslowlygoby AndfeedthemTheonetheypicks theoneyou llknowby knowthefears seekthetruth onyourdreams BR TeachYourChildren3 Don tyoueveraskthemwhy iftheytoldyou youwillcry Sojustlookatthemandsighandknowtheyloveyou BR QuestionsandAnswers QuestionsandAnswers 1 Whatisacodethatyoucanliveby Asetofrulestoguideyouontheroadoflife 2 Isthesongonlyabouthowparentsshouldteachtheirchildren No Thefirstpartofthesongisabouthowparentscanteachtheirchildrenthroughsharingwiththemtheirdreams Andinthesecondpart wearetoldthatchildrenalsohavesomethingtoteachtheirparents helpthemwithyouryouth 3 Doyouknowanythingaboutthesingers BR Crosby StillsandNash1 Crosby StillsandNash ThemusicalpartnershipofDavidCrosby b Aug 14 1941 StephenStills b Jan 3 1945 andGrahamNash b Feb 2 1942 wasnotonlyoneofthemostsuccessfultouringandrecordingactsofthelate1960s 1970s andearly1980s withthecolorful contrastingnatureofthemembers charactersandtheirconnectiontothepoliticalandculturalupheavals 动荡 剧变 ofthetime itwastheonlyAmerican basedbandtoapproachtheoverallsocietal 社会的 impactoftheBeatles Theresultingtrio 三人组 wascharacterizedbyauniquevocalblendandamusicalapproachthatrangedfromfolktopoptohardrock BR Crosby StillsandNash2 CSN s initialsofCrosby StillsandNash debutalbum 首张唱片 releasedin1969 wasperfectlyintune 合拍 withthetimes andthegroupwasaninstanthit Song list TeachYourChildrenSouthernmanOhioWoodstock BR ASurvey ASurvey Doyouagreewiththefollowingstatements 1 2 3 4 Playisthebestwaytolearn Childrendeveloplifeskillsbestthroughformalprograms Childrenarenaturallycurious inspired motivatedlearners butsometimestheenjoymentoflearningcangetlostinthepressureto succeed informaleducation Parentsarethemostimportantinstructorstothechildren sotheyshouldgiveasmuchguidanceaspossible BR APracticalExperiment1 Angelaisgivenahulahoopwithinstructionsonhowtouseit Jonathanisgivenahulahoopbutnoinstructions Whatkindofoutcomesdoyouexpect APracticalExperiment Twochildrenaregivenhulahoops atoytheyareunfamiliarwith Angelalearnstokeepthehulahoopinmotionbymovingherbodyincertainways Jonathanexploresthehoopanddiscoversit sbigenoughtostepthrough Hethenbalancesthehoopbetweentwoobjectsandpracticeskickingaballthroughthehoop Howdoyoucommentonthesetwooutcomes BR APracticalExperiment2 APracticalExperiment Twochildrenaregivenhulahoops atoytheyareunfamiliarwith Bothoutcomesaregood Angelalearnsausefulplayskill Jonathanuseshishoopinadifferent butequallyplayfulway Whichonedoyouthinkisbetterindevelopingthechildren screativity BR APracticalExperiment3 APracticalExperiment Twochildrenaregivenhulahoops atoytheyareunfamiliarwith BR APracticalExperiment4 APracticalExperiment Twochildrenaregivenhulahoops atoytheyareunfamiliarwith Angela becauseshefollowedthedirectionsgiven willhaveaskillshecanuseanytimeshewantstomoveherbodyinthatspecificway Theoutcomeislimitedtohavingfolloweddirectionsandmasteredaparticularskill Jonathan ontheotherhand hadtheexperienceofexploringanddiscoveringanitemhewasunfamiliarwith Heusedwhathelearnedaboutthiscircular shapedobjecttosolveaproblemofhisownandincorporated 结合 thehulahoopasaninnovativesolutiontohelp BR APracticalExperiment5 himdosomethingthathewantedtodo kickaballthroughatarget Jonathanlearnedhecouldusehisownobservationandexplorationtolearnaboutnewobjects Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthisexperiment BR EducationintheWest1 Muchofthecurrentdebateovereducationsurroundstheextenttowhichlearningshouldbeteacher basedorstudent based Whichofthetwoshoulddecidewhatshouldbelearned howitshouldbelearned andwhenitshouldbelearned ComparingWesternandAsianmethodsoflearningitisgenerallytruethatWesternmethodsaremorestudent centered expectingstudentstodiscoverthingsforthemselvesratherthanrelyingontheirteacherstotellthem Anextremeversionofthestudent centeredapproachcanbeseenatSummerhill aschoolinEnglandestablishedbytheeducationalistA S Neill There EducationintheWest BR EducationintheWest2 childrenhavecompletefreedomtodecidewhattheyaregoingtolearnandwhichlessonstheywillattend Iftheywishtheyneednotattendanyatall MainstreameducationinEnglandisfarmorestrict demandingthatchildrenattendlessonsandfollowanationalcurriculum Thiscurriculumandtheimportanceofachievinggoodexamresultstendtoreinforceamoreteacher centeredapproach asbothteachersandstudentsfindthepressureoftimeleaveslessopportunityforanexploratoryapproachtolearning BR Warm upQuestions1 Warm upQuestions 1 2 3 Ifyoufindatwo year oldboyistryingtoputakeyintoabox willyouhelphimimmediately Canyourecallhowyourparentstaughtyouinyourchildhood Didtheyliketoteachyoubyholdingyourhand Whichwaydidyoupreferwhenyouwereintroublewithoneofyourtoysinyourchildhood turningtoyourparentsforhelp orexploringbyyourselves GR main Scanning PartDivisionoftheText FurtherUnderstanding GR FurtherUnderstanding FurtherUnderstanding QuestionsandAnswers MultipleChoice QuestionsandAnswers GR Scanning1 Scanning ScanTextAanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse 1 Benjaminwasworriedthathecouldn tputthekeyintothebox F Benjaminwasnotbotheredatall 2 IntheChinesestaff sopinion theparentsshouldguideBenjamintoinsertthekey T GR Scanning2 3 Theauthorandhiswifedidn tcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot T 4 FortheWesterners learningshouldtakeplacebycontinualcarefulshapingandmolding F TheChinesethinkthatlearningshouldtakeplacebycontinualcarefulshapingandmolding 5 Chineseteachersholdtheopinionthatskillsshouldbeacquiredasearlyaspossible whileAmericaneducatorsthinkthatcreativityshouldbeacquiredearly T GR PartDivisionoftheText1 PartDivisionoftheText Parts Para s MainIdeas 1 1 5 2 6 13 Thetextbeginswithananecdote Theauthor sthoughtsaremainlyaboutdifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandtheWest 3 14 Theauthorwindsupthetextwithasuggestionintheformofaquestion GR QuestionsandAnswers1 QuestionsandAnswers 1 HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinTextA Inthistext theauthorintroducesthetopicbythekey slotanecdote 轶事 Thereareseveralwaystointroduceatheme 1 Statingthetopicdirectly 2 Posingaquestion 3 Quotingafamoussaying 4 Relatingananecdoteoranincident GR QuestionsandAnswers2 2 SumupthecontrastbetweentheattitudeofthecoupleandthatofthehotelstafftowardBenjamin seffortsininsertingthekeyintotheslot Thecouple lethimexploreandenjoyhimself Thehotelstaff heldhishandandtaughthimhowtoinsertthekeycorrectly ContrastandcomparisonAcontrastbringsoutthedifferencesbetweentwoormorethingsofthesamekind whileacomparisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthem GR QuestionsandAnswers1 QuestionsandAnswers 1 ReadthefirstsentenceofbothPara6andPara7 anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere One side at a timemethod Comparisonandcontrastcanbeorganizedintwomajorways 1 One side at a timemethod examineonesubjectthoroughlyandthenstarttheother 2 Point by pointmethod examinetwosubjectsatthesametime discussingthempointbypoint GR QuestionsandAnswers2 2 SumupthecontrastbetweenChineseandWesternwaystolearntofulfillatask TheChinese showachildhowtodosomething orteachbyholdinghishand TheWesterners teachachildtorelyonhimselfforsolutionstoproblems 3 ReadfromPara11toPara13 Whichmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere Point by pointmethod GR QuestionsandAnswers3 4 Thefollowingaretwotypesofattitudestowardcreativityandbasicskills WhichonebelongstotheChineseandwhichonebelongstotheWesterners TheChinese B puttingmoreemphasisonfosteringcreativityinyoungchildren thinkingthatskillscanbepickeduplater A givingprioritytodevelopingskillsatanearlyage believingthatcreativitycanbepromotedovertime TheWesterners GR MultipleChoice1 Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay Howdoestheauthorendthistext A Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned B Proposingasolution C Quotingfromsomebookorperson D Predictingfuturedevelopments MultipleChoice E makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion GR MultipleChoice1A Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay Howdoestheauthorendthistext A Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned B Proposingasolution C Quotingfromsomebookorperson D Predictingfuturedevelopments MultipleChoice E makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion A GR MultipleChoice1B Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay Howdoestheauthorendthistext A Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned B Proposingasolution C Quotingfromsomebookorperson D Predictingfuturedevelopments MultipleChoice E makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion B GR MultipleChoice1C Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay Howdoestheauthorendthistext A Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned B Proposingasolution C Quotingfromsomebookorperson D Predictingfuturedevelopments MultipleChoice E makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion C Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay Howdoestheauthorendthistext A Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned B Proposingasolution C Quotingfromsomebookorperson D Predictingfuturedevelopments MultipleChoice E makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion GR MultipleChoice1D MultipleChoice D GR MultipleChoice1E Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay Howdoestheauthorendthistext A Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned B Proposingasolution C Quotingfromsomebookorperson D Predictingfuturedevelopments MultipleChoice E makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion E Foramonthinthespringof1987 mywifeEllenandIlivedinthebustlingeasternChinesecityofNanjingwithour18 month oldsonBenjaminwhilestudying artseducationinChinesekindergartensandelementaryschools ButoneofthemosttellinglessonsEllenandIgotinthedifferencebetweenChineseandAmericanideasofeducationcamenotintheclassroombutinthelobbyoftheJinlingHotelwherewestayedinNanjing DR Text1 LEARNING CHINESE STYLE RussellBaker ageandincompleteunderstandingoftheneedtopositionthekeyjustso hewouldusuallyfail Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot DR Text2 Thekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblockwiththeroomnumberonit Whenleavingthehotel aguestwasencouragedtoturninthekey eitherbyhandingittoanattendantorbydroppingitthroughaslotintoabox Becausethekeyslotwasnarrow thekeyhadtobepositionedcarefullytofitintoit Benjaminlovedtocarrythekeyaround shakingitvigorously Healsolikedtotrytoplaceitintotheslot Becauseofhistender DR Text3 NowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot Hisexploratorybehaviorseemedharmlessenough ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon Any ChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand notinghislackofinitialsuccess attempttoassist HeorshewouldholdontoBenjamin shandand gentlybutfirmly guideitdirectlytowardtheslot repositionitasnecessary andhelphimtoinsertit The teacher wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme asifawaitingathankyou andonoccasionwouldfrownslightly asifconsideringustobeneglectingourparentalduties IsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoourassignedtasksinChina toinvestigatethewaysofearlychildhoodeducation especiallyinthearts andtothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators TWODIFFERENTWAYSTOLEARNWithafewexceptionsmyChinesecolleaguesdisplayedthesameattitudeasthestaffattheJinlingHotel Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot whichistheultimatepurposeofapproachingtheslot andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle DR Text4 Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry certainlynotadesirableoutcome Whynotshowhimwhattodo Hewillbehappy hewilllearnhowtoaccomplishthetasksooner andthenhecanproceedtomorecomplexactivities likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan andshould induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat firstofall wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous Butthecriticalpointwasthat intheprocess weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself DR Text5 DR Text6 Suchself relianceisaprincipalvalueofchildrearinginmiddle classAmerica Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot drawingahenormakingup foramisdeed heislesslikelytofigureouthimselfhowtoaccomplishsuchatask And moregenerally heislesslikelytoviewlife asAmericansdo asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkforoneself tosolveproblemsonone sownandeventodiscovernewproblemsforwhichcreativesolutionsarewanted TEACHINGBYHOLDINGHISHANDInretrospect itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwasindeedkey andkeyinmorethanonesense Itpointedtoimportantdifferencesintheeducationalandartisticpracticesinourtwocountries Whenourwell intentionedChineseobserverscametoBenjamin srescue theydidnotsimplypushhishanddownclumsilyoruncertainly asImighthavedone Instead theyguidedhimwithextremefacilityandgentlenessinpreciselythedesireddirection IcametorealizethattheseChinesewerenotjustmoldingandshapingBenjamin sperformanceinanyoldmanner InthebestChinesetradition theywerebazheshoujiao teachingbyholdinghishand somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore DR Text7 DR Text8 Theideathatlearningshouldtakeplacebycontinualcarefulshapingandmoldingappliesequallytothearts Watchingchildrenatworkinaclassroomsetting wewereastonishedbytheirfacility Childrenasyoungas5or6were paintingflowers fishandanimalswiththeskillandconfidenceofanadult calligraphers9and10yearsoldwereproducingworksthatcouldhavebeendisplayedinamuseum Inavisittothehomesoftwooftheyoungartists welearnedfromtheirparentsthattheyworkedonperfectingtheircraftforseveralhoursaday CREATIVITYFIRST Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversalofpriorities youngWesternersmakingtheirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition andyoungChinesebeingalmostinseparablefromthetradition but overtime possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostatethatwevalueoriginalityandindependencemorethantheChinesedo Thecontrastbetweenourtwoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly theymayneverbeacquired thereis ontheotherhand nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity DR Text9 Americaneducatorsfearthatunlesscreativityhasbeenacquiredearly itmayneveremerge ontheotherhand skillscanbepickeduplater However Idonotwanttooverstatemycase ThereisenormouscreativitytobefoundinChinesescientific technologicalandartisticinnovationspastandpresent AndthereisadangerofexaggeratingcreativebreakthroughsintheWest Whenanyinnovationisexaminedclosely itsrelianceonpreviousachievementsisalltooapparent the Standingontheshouldersofgiants phenomenon DR Text10 DR Text11 ButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals theimportantquestionbecomesthis Canwegather fromtheChineseandAmericanextremes asuperiorwaytoapproacheducation perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills DR Sentence1 Becauseof Paraphrasethesentence Becausehewassoyounganddidn tquiteknowthatheshouldpositionthekeycarefullytofitintothenarrowkeyslot hewouldusuallyfail Becauseofhistenderageandincompleteunderstandingoftheneedtopositionthekeyjustso hewouldusuallyfail DR Sentence2 Benjaminwas Paraphrasethesentence Benjaminwasnotbotheredatall Benjaminwasnotbothered TranslatethesentenceintoChinese 本杰明一点也不在意 DR Sentence3 andto Paraphrasethispartofthesentence AndtohelpexplainChineseattitudestowardcreativity andtothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity DR Sentence4 sincethechild Whatdoesthedesiredactionreferto Positioningthekeycarefullytofitintotheslot sincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle Inyouropinion whatpossiblegaincanbeachievedbyhavingBenjaminstruggle Open ended DR Sentence5 Hemaywell Paraphrasethesentence Heislikelytogetfrustratedandangry Youuse maywell whenyouaresayingwhatyouthinkislikelytohappen Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry DR Sentence6 Hewashaving Whatdothetwoactivitiesreferto Havingagoodtimeandexploring Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous Paraphrasetwo activitiesthatdidmattertous Towactivitiesthatwereimportanttous DR Sentence7 whetheritbe Analyzethestructureofthesentence Thesubjunctivemoodisusedhere Whetherhebepresentorabsent weshallhavetodoourpart whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed Paraphrasethesentence Nomatterwhetheritisplacingakeyinakeyslot drawingahenormakingupforsomemistakes DR Sentence8 youngWesterners Whatdoesmakingtheirboldestdeparturesmean Doingsth differentfromanestablishedruleortradition youngWesternersmakingtheirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition TranslatethispartintoChinese 西方的年轻人先是大胆创新 然后逐渐深谙传统 DR Sentence9 Butassuming Canyouanalyzethestructureofthissentence ButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals assuming that clause 假定 Youuseassumingthatwhenyouareconsideringapossiblesituationorevent sothatyoucanthinkabouttheconsequences Assumingthatweallworkatthesamerate weshouldbefinishedbyJanuary DR Sentence9 Butassuming TranslatethesentenceintoChinese