浙江省宁波市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精炼（4）.doc

阅读理解精炼（4）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。imagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only of members of own sex. how would you react? unless there was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldnt be too happy about it, to say the least. it is all the more surprising therefore that so many parents in the world choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children conditions which they themselves wouldnt put up with for one minute!any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. stuffing childrens heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. one of the chief aims of educations is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society. now adult society is made up of men and women, so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.a co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. they are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability, athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. what a practical advantage it is ( to give just a small example ) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! what nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa. when segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. rivalry between the sexes is fostered. in a coeducational school, everything falls into its proper place.but perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages. boys dont grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures airy goddesses, more like book-illustrations to a fairy-tale, than human beings. girls dont grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. years of living together at school dispel illusions of this kind. there are no goddesses with freckles, pigtails, piercing voices and inky fingers. there are no romantic heroes with knobbly knees, dirty fingernails and unkempt hair. the awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up. these can better be overcome in a co-educational environment. segregated schools sometimes provide the right conditions for sexual deviation. this is hardly possible under a co-educational system. when the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fully prepared to enter society as well-adjusted adults. they have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.1.what is the best title for this passage?a only co-education can be in harmony with society.people are in great need of co-education.c any form of education other than co-education is simply unthinkable.d co-education has many features.2.what does co-education offer to children?a a society.a true small model of society.c a real life.d true version of social condition.3.according to the passage, what is one of the chief aims of education?a it is for students to acquire knowledge.it is to equip future citizens with scientific technology.c it is to equip future citizens with what is required in getting a position in society.d it is for students to get academic achievements.4.why do boys and girls in co-education have no illusion about each other?a they live together and know each other too well.years of living together at school dismiss such illusion.c co-education encourage them to have an healthy attitude toward life.d they are familiar with each others problems.vocabulary1.to be in for = receive 接受 he is in for punishment. 他受到惩罚。2.miniature 缩样，雏形，微型画3.freckle 雀斑4.pigtail 鞭子5.knobbly = knobby 多节的 6.unkempt 乱七八糟，蓬乱的7.sharp focus = clear view bring into focus 使集中在焦点上，对光 bring into sharp focus 这里的意义是：一目了然，明显突出8.deviation 越轨，偏离，入歧途难句译注1.all the more越发，格外。2.a co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature.【参考译文】男女合校至少给孩子提供了一个社会真正缩影。3.the awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up.【参考译文】棘手的青春期把成长过程中出现的某些身体上合感情上的问题清晰地摆出来。写作方法与文章大意文章论及“男女合校制的优越性和男女分校制的缺陷。”采用因果、对比写法。首先假设单一性别社会，人所不能容忍，那单一性别的学校培养的人又怎能适应社会。因为社会是男女组成的。然后分别对比合校和分校的优缺点。比较合校的优点，分校的缺点，最后得出结论：之后合校的学生，在离校进入社会，已做好一切准备，而不会感到震惊，因为他们已有好几年的经验，会处理面临男女的许多问题。答案详解1.c 除了男女合校，其他形式的教育简直难以想象。答案见第一段“设想请你在一个只有你一样性别的人存在的社会生活12年光景，你会如何反应呢？除非你本人确实有毛病，否则，你至少不会太高兴。因此，世界上有那么多的父母愿意把这种不正常的环境（他们自己一分钟都受不了的环境）强加给他们的孩子们，这太令人惊讶！”第二段讲“教育的目的之一就是为未来的公民在成人社会中找一席之地，准备好需要的一切。而社会由男女组成，那分校又怎能准备？”后两段讲合校之优点，分校之缺点，具体对比突出主题。这都说明c 最合适。a. 只有合校才能和社会相协调。d. 合校有许多特点。这两项文章内容涉及到，但作为最佳标题则不确切。b. 人们非常需要合校。文内没有直接谈到。2.b 一个真实社会的缩影。这在第三段第一句“男女合校确实能给孩子们提供一个社会真实的缩影。”下面的内容都是围绕这个主题而写的具体情况。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，对比等。a. 社会。c. 一种真实的生活。d. 真实的社会情况。都没有b项那样确切。3.c 为未来公民在社会上拥有一席之地，准备好所需要的一切。这在第二段“这个话题的讨论必然会引出教育目的的问题。把各种知识塞进孩子头脑远不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是为未来公民在成人社会求得一席之地，准备好所需一切。”a. 学生学到只是。b. 以科技武装未来公民。c.为学生缺德学术成就。都只是知识学习的一个部分。4.b 几年学校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中,“在学校中，几年生活在一起消除这一类的幻想。没有什么脸上有雀斑，梳着鞭子，涂着指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也没有膝部有疙瘩，指甲脏兮兮，头发乱蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明显呈现出来的成长过程中身体上和感情上的问题，在男女合校环境中得到很好的解决。”a. 他们生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太过，不是太了解而不产生幻想，而是了解情况；真人就在眼前，人就实际了，消除了幻想。c. 合校鼓励他们对生活有一种健康积极的态度。这是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的根本原因。d. 他们熟悉彼此的问题。不全是消除幻想之因，而是处理问题的前奏。这在最后一段最后两句话有说明“当学生离校的时刻来到时，他们已是很有适应性的成人，为进入社会做好了充分准备。他们已有几年处理面临男女的许多问题的经验。” 这是一篇论及“博士生辍学”的文章。采用对比和因果手法。文章一开始就提出教育工作者严重关注博士生辍学达50的问题。而调查报告证明，只有31。辍学造成不良后果，有人建议中途退学者回炉再念博士学位学业。研究表明不行。列出理由并加以分析。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。the latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not i. q. , a generally bad predictor of success. instead, its purposeful practice. top performers spend more hours practising their craft. if you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, youd take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. it wouldnt have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday. this contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. it would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. it would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. this would give her a primary know-ledge of her field. shed be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings. then she would practise writing. her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. by practising in this way, she delays the automatizing process. her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. by practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. by now she is redoing problemshow do i get characters into a roomdozens and dozens of times. she is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems. the primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. its the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. the latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. but it underlines a fact that is often neglected. public discussion is affected by genetics and what were “hard-wired” to do. and its true that genes play a role in our capabilities. but the brain is also very plastic. we construct ourselves through behaviour.1. the passage mainly deals with.a. the function of i. q. in cultivating a writerb. the relationship between genius and successc. the decisive factor in making a geniusd. the way of gaining some sense of distinction2. by reading novels and writers stories, the girl could.a. come to understand the inner structure of writingb. join a fascinating circle of writers somedayc. share with a novelist her likes and dislikesd. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security3. in the girls long painstaking training process, .a. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her successb. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performancec. she acquires the magic of some great achievementsd. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write4. what can be concluded from the passage? a. a fuelling ambition plays a leading role in ones success. b. a responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.c. as to the growth of a genius, i. q. doesnt matter, but just his/her efforts. d. what really matters is what you do rather than who you are.【参考答案】14、cabd阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。find which direction is southdo you have a good sense of direction?if not,please take with you a compass. but if you forget to take a compass,you can still find your way.its never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted(委托)with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family is. you can tell by the slightly confused look on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. never mind. the sun is shining and its still morning. if you dont know the exact time,you can still find out where south is,but youll need to be patient.find a straight stick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow.try to position the stick as vertically(垂直)as you can. you can check this by making a simple plumb line(铅锤线) with a piece of string and weight. you havent got any string?ok,use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight.mark the end of the shadow cast by t