2013届高考英语一轮复习活动单（译林牛津版模块五 Unit 2）.doc

2013届高考英语一轮复习活动单（译林牛津版）模块五 Unit 2 The environment核心词汇一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式1.These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to_(下蛋)eggs. 2.They think of _（贪婪的）businessmen hiding from their responsibilities to the environment.3.I know that a _(健康的)environment and development should be possible at the same time.4.His funny story during his speech _ (引起) few laughs.5.Some of the kids are addicted to computer games, which arouses _ (关注，关心) of both parents and teachers.6.During his speech, the Minister of Education emphasized the _ (重要性) of education.7.The water pollution _ (危及) the living things in the river in the past.8.After the fire, very little _ (留存，剩下) of my house.9.He made every _ (努力) to achieve high grades.10.Youll _ (欣赏) this city better if you know its history and culture.二、译出下列短语1.遵循往常辩论的程序_ 2.自由发言_3.流进河流_4.削减产量_5.回收利用垃圾_6.对关心_7.同时_8.现状_9.躲避责任_10.对有害_11.给他们更多的赞誉_12.原材料_13.愿意做某事_14.对环境友好_15.大量的货物_16.用光_17.春天一到来_18.采取措施做某事_19.开采地下水_20.挑出_21.第三长河_22.引起关注_23.依赖这条河用水_24.置于危险中_25.关于_26.在未来_27.将这些变化归咎于这些气体_28.排放二氧化碳_29.特别_30.尽某人的职责_重点句式根据中文提示完成下列句子 1.世界人口数量已经比以前增长了六倍。The worlds population has grown by _. 2.我在这里要说的是，与很多环境顾问一起工作以后，我知道健康的环境和经济发展并存是有可能的。_ is that having worked with many environmental consultants, I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time. 3.今天我首先要谈的是化学废物如何破坏着世界上的大片区域。First I am talking to you today about the way _by chemical waste. 4.尽管我们呼吸时产生碳，但所排出的碳要比小汽车产生的碳少很多。Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than _ produced by a car. 5.我问过周围的人，发现许多人愿意支付稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。_, I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment.重要知识详解一、重要词汇（单词+词组）词汇-1. comment【教材原句】If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to express them. (P22)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分。(1)I dont feel I can comment on their decision. (2)He refused to comment until after the trial. (3)She made helpful comments on my work. (4)He handed me the document without comment. 【自主归纳】comment (1)词性_ 词义_ (2)词性_ 词义_【即时巩固1】用comment的适当形式填空。(1)你对发生灾难的原因有何评论？ _ to make about the cause of the disaster?(2)对人们说的话我不作评论。_what people say.(3)谁有什么问题或意见吗？ Does anyone have questions or _.词汇-2. lay【教材原句】These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs. (P22)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1) The hen lays eggs every day. _(2) Please lay the table for dinner. _(3) The couple laid aside some money for their old age. _(4) The president laid great emphasis on would peace. _(5) Some workers were laid off because of a shortage of materials. _ 【自主归纳】(1)lay 词性_ 词义_ (2)lay过去式_ 过去分词_现在分词_ (3) lie词义_过去式_过去分词_现在分词_(4) lie词义_过去式_过去分词_现在分词_【即时巩固2】用lay和lie的适当形式填空If you like, you can_ down on your bed, _ yourself in a comfortable position, and _ to yourself that you dont like _ there, or you can imagine where you would like to _ the eggs after the hens_ eggs.词汇-3. debate【教材原句】We are following our usual schedule for debates. (P22)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1)They have been debating for several hours without reaching a conclusion.他们 好几个小时，仍然没有得出一个结论。(2)The two sides debated with each other about who was the best for a whole day.双方就谁是最优秀的问题 一整天。(3)He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend. 他当时正考虑是去散步还是去拜访一位朋友。(4) A fierce debate on the tax cut was going on. 一场围绕着减税的 正在进行中。(5)Theyre always arguing with each other about money. 他们总是 。(6)Have you discussed the problem with anyone? 你与谁 这个问题？【自主归纳】(1)debate vi. & n. 意为：_ (2)debate with sb. about sth. _(3)have a debate_ (4)under debate _(5) _指在正式场合，和意见对立的一方进行全面地、彻底地、比较正式地争论，重在各述理由，双方交锋。(6) _指就自己的看法、立场条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由，以说服他人。(7) _重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分。【即时巩固3】根据中文提示，完成句子(1)他们正准备展开一场全国性的争论。They are preparing to open up a national _. (2)新规则正在讨论中。The new rules are _. 词汇-4. concern n. & v.【教材原句】It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.（P23）【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1)My greatest concern is what she thinks of me. 是她认为我怎么样。(2) The boys poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳， 。(3) Were all concerned about her safety. 我们大家 。(4)We read stories concerning visitors from outer space. 我们读了 天外来客的故事。(5)The persons concerned are to be punished. 将受到惩罚。(6)As far as Im concerned, I dont mind that you wear this mini-skirt. ，我不介意你穿这件迷你裙。(7)The coat is fine as far as color is concerned, but it is not of very good quality.这件上衣 还不错，但质量不太好。【自主归纳】(1)concern n.词义_ v.词义_(2)concerning prep词义_ (3)concerned词性_作表语时，意思为：_；作后置定语时，意思为：_(4)as/so far as sb./sth. is concerned这个句型用来引出个人的观点与看法，意为： _ 【即时巩固4】(1)The people _ were really _the facts _Marys car crash.A. concerned; concerned with; concernedB. concerning; concerned with; concerning C. concerning; concerned about; concernedD. concerned; concerned about; concerning (2)This book deals with questions the Second World War. A. concerned B. be concerned C. concerning D. being concerned (3) _ that he has no qualifications in business management, Ken plans to gain the necessary skills by taking a part-time course.A. Concerning B. Concerned C. Being concerned D. To concerned词汇-5. range【教材原句】Nor it is good news for the wide range of fish and wildlife that live in or along the river. (P28)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1)The hotel offers a wide range of facilities.这家宾馆提供 。(2) It is beyond the range of my ability.这 。(3) There will be an increase in the range of 0 to 3 percent.将会有 的增长幅度。(4) Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.住宿条件 。【自主归纳】(1)range vi.&n. 意为：_ (2) out of/beyond/outside the range of _(3) within/in the range of_ (4) range from A to B/range between A and B _【即时巩固5】根据中文提示，完成句子温度在摄氏三十度与四十度之间变化。The temperature _30 _ 40 degrees centigrade. 词汇-6. result in【教材原句】This will result in a small number of fish left for us to eat in the future.(P22)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)The earthquake resulted in many thousands of death. (2) Job losses resulted from changes in production. (3) She died as a result of her injuries. (4) This book is the results of 25 years of research. 【自主归纳】(1)result in 意为：_(2)result from 意为：_(3)as a result of意为：_(4) as a result意为：_【即时巩固6】根据汉语提示，完成句子(1)这次事故导致了两个乘客的死亡。The accident _ the death of two passengers(2)我们仍然在处理以前的错造成的问题。We are still dealing with problems _ errors made in the past.(3)由于大雪他迟到了。He was late _ the snow.(4)他击败了所有的竞争者，最终赢得了奖学金He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship _. 词汇-7. cut back on【教材原句】It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P22)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)To save money, we should cut back on our spending. (2) Many companies are cutting back on staff in time of financial crisis. (3) If we cannot sell more, we will have to cut back on production. 【自主归纳】选用下列词组填空cut across走捷径，抄近路 cut off隔绝、断绝、（电路）切断、“剪下”、“砍掉”；cut up切割开来、切碎 cut through凿穿、穿过、穿透；抄近路cut down 砍倒、 削减、压缩， cut in插话cut out剁碎, 砍碎(1)We are going to the mountain to build a free way here.(2)She the cake and gave each of us a piece.(3)The flood the villagers from the rest of the world.(4)Youd better the article to about 2,000 words.(5)Dont try to while others are talking. (6) In order not to be late, she the fields.【即时巩固7】(1)Half of the forest was _ to make room for the road.A. cut back on B. cut off C. cut out D. cut down (2) I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson.A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up(3)He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from outside world. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through(4)While prices are rising so fast, many people are working out ways to _down their expenses. A. cut B. put C. turn D. settle 词汇-8. think of as 【教材原句】We need to stop thinking of companies and businessmen as the enemy, and give them more credit!(P23)【例句研读】译出下列句子(1)I think of this place as my home.(2) She is thought of as a possible future director.(3) I cant think of a better place for our party.(4)The committee have thought carefully over this plan.【自主归纳】(1)think highly of _ (2)think of_(3)think about _(4)think aloud _(5)think nothing of _【即时巩固8】 (1)我会经常想起你的。Ill be _you all the time.(2)她经常想起她的老朋友。She often _ her old friends.词汇-9. use up【教材原句】The number of people in the world keeps growing, and we are producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials. (P25)【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1) They had to stop halfway because they had used up the oil. 他们不得不半道停下来，因为他们 。(2)After a month，their food supplies gave out.一个月后，他们的食物贮备 。(3) We have run out of milk.我们 。【自主归纳】(1)use up意为：_，为及物动词短语。(2)run out of用完，耗尽= 为及物动词短语run out用完，耗尽= 为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态(一般指时间，金钱，食物等用完)。(3)give out用完，耗尽，为不及物动词短语（一般指食品，耐心，精力等耗尽）。【即时巩固9】 (1) With his money _，he couldnt go home.A. leaving B. missed C. running out D. run out(2) A teachers too long speech can make the students patience _.A. to run out of B. to run out C. run out D. run out of词汇-10. under way【教材原句】Two special government projects are also under way. (P38)【例句研读】译出划线部分(1)The construction of a new hospital is under way. (2)The new railway is in course of construction. (3)The building of the factory was in progress. 【自主归纳】译出下列短语(1)under way _(2)under consideration _(3)under construction _ (4)under discussion _(5)under repair _(6) underdevelopment_【即时巩固10】(1)The yearly campaign to raise funds for the disabled is already_. A. under way B. in the way C. on the way D. under the way(2)The new building was _.I hope well move into it by the end of the year.A. under being constructionB. in constructionC. on constructionD. under construction二、重点句型梳理（含重点语法）：1.【教材原句】The worlds population has grown by six times what it was. (P22)【句法分析】此句意为：世界人口已经上涨了以前的六倍。此句中six times表示倍数，后接一名词性从句。倍数的表示法有三种。(1)倍数+名词(2)倍数+as as(3)倍数+比较级+than 【即时巩固11】根据要求翻译句子。(1)亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。（用as as ）(2)这条街是那条街的四倍长。(用倍数+名词)(3)这要绳子比那要绳子长两倍。（用倍数+比较级）2.【教材原句】First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. (P22)【句法分析】句中vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste是定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 修饰way的定语从句可以用关系代词that或in which引导，也可以不用任何引导词。【即时巩固12】用适当的词完成下列各句(1)The way_ he is doing the experiment is very funny.(2)It is not what he said but the way_ he said it _made his parents angry.A. which; thatB. /; thatC. that; whichD. which; what3.【教材原句】What Im here to say is that having worked with many environmental consultants, I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time. (P23)【句法分析】此句中what Im here to say 是一个由what引导的主语从句。如果主语是由what引导的主语从句，表语能看得出单复数形式的，一般由表语来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果表语看不出单复数，则谓语动词用单数形式。【即时巩固13】用适当的词完成下列各句(1)What we need _ better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow.(2) What matters most in learning English_ enough practice.(3) What he referred to in his article _ unknown to the general reader. (4) What some people regard as a drawback_ seen as a plus by many others.4.【教材原句】 Asking around, I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment.(P23)【语法分析】asking around “四处打听”，在句中做状语，ask与句子的主语I 的关系是主动的关系，因此用现在分词，如果是被动关系，则用过去分词。【即时巩固14】(1) _ the children the way she does, Sue should become a teacher. A. LikingB. LikedC. LikeD. To like(2) _ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given (3)_ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing(4) _ on a park bench and _ the brightly colored leaves _ gently to the ground, he felt at peace with the world. A. Sitting; watching; fall B. To sit; watch; falling C. Sitting; watching; to fall D. To sit; watching; falling5.【教材原句】Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than that produced by a car. (P39)【句法分析】句中that指代carbon, 后接过去分词短语produced by a car作定语。英语中常用that指代一个不可数名词, one指代一个泛指的可数名词，the one指代一个特指的可数名词.【即时巩固15】用适当的词完成下列句子。(1)The weather here is much more pleasant than _ in the north.(2)I want to buy a house, _ with a garden.(3)I want to buy the house, _ with a garden.【M5U2参考答案】核心词汇一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式1.lay 2.greedy 3.healthy 4.raised 5. concern 6.inportance 7. endangered 8. remained 9. effort 10. appreciate 二、译出下列短语1. follow our usual schedule for debates2. open the floor3. flow into the river4. cut back on production5. recycle our waste6. be concerned about7. at the same time8. present situation9. hide from their responsibilities10. be bad for11. give them more credit12. raw materials 13. be willing to do sth 14. be friendly to the environment15. a large quantity of goods16. use up17. upon the arrival of spring18. take steps to do sth19. drill for underground water20. pick out21. the third longest river22. raise concern 23. rely on the river for water24. put in danger25. in regard to26. for years to come27. blame the change on gases28. let off carbon gases29. in particular30. do ones part 重点句式根据中文提示完成下列句子 1. six times what it was 2. What Im here to say 3. vast areas of the world are damaged 4. that 5. Asking around重要知识详解一、重要词汇（单词+词组）词汇-1. comment【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)对他们的决定作出评论(2)拒绝评论(3)对提出有益的意见(4)未作任何解释【自主归纳】(1) v评论；评语；注解 (2)n 评论；评语；注解【即时巩固1】用comment的适当形式填空。(1)Have you any comment (2) I wont comment on (3)comments 词汇-2. lay【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)下蛋 (2) 摆设餐具 (3) 储蓄 (4) 放重点在上 (5)暂时解雇【自主归纳】(1)v产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放 (2)laid laid laying (3)躺；位于；呈状态；在于; lay lain lying (4)说谎 lied lied lying 【即时巩固2】用lay和lie的适当形式填空lie; laying; lie; lying; lay; lay词汇-3. debate【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1) 他们一直争论了好几个小时，仍然没有得出一个结论。(2) 双方就谁是最优秀的问题相互争论了一整天。(3) 他当时正考虑是去散步还是去拜访一位朋友。(4) 一场围绕着减税的激烈辩论正在进行中。(5) 他们总是为钱争吵。(6) 你与谁商量过这个问题？【自主归纳】(1) 争论，辩论，讨论 (2) 和某人就某事辩论 (3) 进行讨论、辩论 (4) 在辩论中，在讨论中(5) debate (6) argue (7) discuss【即时巩固3】根据中文提示，完成句子(1)debate (2) under debate 词汇-4. concern【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1)我最担心的是她认为我怎么样。(2)那男孩健康状况不佳，使他的父母亲担忧。(3)我们大家都为她的安全担心。 (4)我们读了关于天外来客的故事。(5)有关的人将受到惩罚。(6)就我个人而言，我不介意你穿这件迷你裙。(7)这件上衣就颜色来说还不错，但质量不太好。【自主归纳】(1) n 担心， 忧虑；所关切的事 v使某人担心 (2)prep 关于（某人/某事物） (3)adj. 作表语时 意为：关切的，关心的；作后置定语时，意思为：相关的，有关的(4)就某人/某事而言【即时巩固4】 DCB词汇-5. range【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分以完成汉语句子(1)这家宾馆提供多种设施。(2)这超出了我的能力范围。(3)将会有0到3个百分点的增长幅度。(4)住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。【自主归纳】(1) 范围，界限 ；(在一定范围内)变化，变动(2) 超出了的范围(3) 在范围内(4) 在范围内变化【即时巩固5】根据中文提示，完成句子ranges from to/ ranges between and词汇-6. result in【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)造成成千上万的人死亡 (2)有生产革新造成的 (3)由于受伤 (4)25年研究的结晶【自主归纳】(1)导致 (2)由于 (3)作为结果，由于 (4)结果 【即时巩固6】根据汉语提示，完成句子(1) resulted in (2) resulting from (3) as a result of (4) as a result词汇-7. cut back on【例句研读】翻译句中