高考英语总复习 语法先行 定语从句预习学案2（含解析）(1).doc

定语从句2【学习目标】 定语从句在高考中的考点【复习任务】 1.学习重点： 定语从句的各个考点 2.学习难点： 定语从句考点六【问题导学】考点解析：定语从句是中学英语教学的重点，也是学生学习的难点，同时又是高考考查的热点。纵观近年各地高考试题，就能发现考点大多集中在带有插入语的定语从句；which 、as 引导的非限定性定语从句； where 、 when引导的定语从句以及定语从句和强调句、同位语从句的区别等方面。对定语从句的考查不单纯考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境中，考查考生的实际综合运用能力。高考试题中，主要从以下角度考查定语从句： 定语从句的考点之一 正确区分关系代词that引出的定语从句功能强，除不能作定语(用whose)外，其它几个功能都可用that。但命题角度主要以that与which指物时的区别为重点进行命制。例如：（1） do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper? well, _ is ok with me.a. that ; anything b. which ;everything c. what ; whatever d. where ; something 选a。（2）the wrong youve done him is terrible, for _ you should make an apology to him, i think.a. this b. which c. what d. that 选b。 定语从句的考点之二 正确区分关系代词(that或which)与关系副词when(表时间)、where(表地点)、why(表原因)。重点根据定语从句中所缺成分（即关系词在定语从句中作状语时，使用关系副词when (on which); where(in which); why(for which)；在定语从句中作作主语、宾语或表语时，使用that或which。）来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，绝不能因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where，是reason就用why来确定。因此，认准先行词只是选择关系词的一个方面，更重要的是看其在后面定语从句中充当什么句子成分例如：（3）he should stand near the stage _ he could watch and follow the play.a. where b. when c. that d. there 选a。（4）do you think the reason _ he gave is believable.a. for which b. which c. why d. what 选b。（5）we are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.a. which b. that c. whose d. when 选d。 定语从句的考点之三 当先行词在定语从句中作主语时，应注意主谓语的一致性及被动语态问题。尤其要注意在考题中不用定语从句，而是用分词短语作定语。例如：（6）the first textbooks _ for teaching english as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. a. having written b. to be writtenc. being written d. written 选d。（7）the train that stands at platform 7 / standing at platform 7 is for wuhan.（8）any article that is left in these buses / left in these buses will be taken at once to the lost property office. 定语从句的考点之四 定语从句中不能再重复与先行词有关的代词或副词。必须牢记定语从句中关系词已经替代先行词并且在定语从句中已经充当其成分，故不能再用相关的代词或副词。例如：（8）he made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.a. which i think it is b. which i think is c. which i think it d. i think which is 选b。（9）this is the hospital _ they visited last year and is the one _ i worked in five years agoathat；where bwhere；that cwhere；where dthat；that 选d。（10）there are dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.a. that b. which c. where d. when 选c。 定语从句的考点之五 对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查；当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现介词+关系代词。先行词指物，用介词+which, 指人则用介词+whom, 且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的选择要遵循两个原则：1.根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。 2.根据先行词特殊用法而定。例如：（11）this flower doesnt do well in soil other than the one_ it has been specially developedafor which bthat cof which dwhere 选a。（12）anyway, that evening, _i will tell you more about later, i ended up staying at rachels place.a. when b. where c. what d. which 选d。 定语从句的考点之六 关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替代由such，the same等修饰的先行词；as引导非限制性定语从句时，可放于句首，句中或置于句尾，而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义，使用which。as引导的定性定语从句有正如之意，而which引导的没有。例如：（13）our teacher set us such a difficult maths problem _ we could not work out.a. that b. which c. as d. even 选c。（14）carl said the work would be done by october , _ personally i doubt very much.a. it b. that c. when d. which 选d。（15）_ is reported in the newspaper , talks between the two countries are making progress.a. it b. as c. that d. what 选b。 定语从句的考点之七 解题时要注意题干的内容和句子的结构，（进行必要的语法分析，弄清句子结构。）再行答题。例如：（16）the teacher wanted to teach us _ he knew at this last lesson.a. all which b. all that c. of which d. everything which 选b。（17）meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment , _ i will always treasure. a. that b. one c. it d. what 选b。（18） mrs brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _went wrong again. a. it repair b. it repaired c. repaired d. to be repaired 选c。（19）_is well-known that antarctica is difficult to reach a.it b.what c.as d.which 选 a（20）_is well-known ,antarctica is difficult to reach.a.it b. what c. as d.which 选c。（21）_is well-known is that antarctica is difficult to reach. a. it b. what c. as d. which 选b。当堂检测：11._ is known to everybody, taiwan is a part of china. we must unify it. a. it b. as c. which d. what 12. i shall never forget the day _ shen zhou v was launched, _ has a great effect on my life. a. when, which b. that, which c. which, that d. when, that 13. the bread my wife makes is much better than _ you can buy at a store. a. that which b. one that c. that of which d. this of which 14. there is no such place _ you dream of in all this world. a. that b. what c. which d. as 15. the people, _ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the red cross. a. all whose homes b. all of whose homes c. all their homes d. all of their homes 16. the humans are destroying nature day by day, _ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. a. who b. when c. on which d. which 17. is this research center _ you visited the modern equipment last year? a. where b. that c. the one that d. the one where 18. some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it. a. when b. that c. who d. where 19. the man showed us so heavy a stone _ no man can lift. a. that b. as c. which d. and 20. he stayed there for quite a long time, during _ time he learned much spoken english. a. that b. this c. which d. same 问题反馈：定语从句2 11.b.先行词是taiwan is a part of china整个主句，一般由as或which引导定从,但which 引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which没有，所以用as。顺便说，原句改为:it is known to everybody that taiwan is= what is known to everybody is that taiwan is 12. a. 两空都是考查定语从句，先行词分别是the day和shen zhou v was launched, the day在定语从句中作状语，用when引导；后句是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，要用which。 13. a. 因为替代不可数名词 (the bread) 只能用that，排除b和