高中英语 Unit 5（Grammar同位语从句）课件 新人教版必修3.ppt

名词性从句 4 同位语从句 whatkindofnounclausesarethey 1 whatitwastobecomewasamystery 2 idon tknowwhowillhelphenrytowinthebet 3 histroubleisthathedoesn tknowanybodyinlondon 4 thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 brainstorming 2m nounclauses名词性从句 subjectiveclause主语从句 objectiveclause宾语从句 predicativeclause表语从句 appositiveclause同位语从句 appositiveclause同位语从句 theappositiveclauseisaclauseusedasanappositive theclauseisanexplanationtothenounbefore 同位语从句属于名词性从句 大多由从属连词that引导 常常跟在fact truth news message order hope belief idea thought opinion promise wish answer reply report remark ability patience anxiety decision suggestion advice doubt question problem等名词后面 同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容 在逻辑上表现为同位关系 findouttheappositiveclausefromthereadingtext thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting somepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrosscanadainlessthanfivedays buttheyforgetthefactthatcanadais5 500kilometersfromcoasttocoast thegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailupthegreatlakes practice 3m thenews exitedthechinesepeople thatliuxiangwonthe110hurdle thenews exitedthechinesepeople thatbeijingwouldhostthe2008olympicgames thattyphoonsaomeihitcangnan 桑美 thefact madepeopleworried thatthetyphoonsangmeihitcangnan thefact madepeopleworried thatthepricesofhousesarealwaysincreasing 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后 用以说明或解释前面的名词 引导同位语从句的连词常用that 小结 1 thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue 我们队赢了的消息是真的 themothermadeapromisethatshewouldbuythesonacomputer 妈妈许诺要给儿子买一台电脑 ihadnoideathatyouwerehere 我不知道你在这里 引导同位语的词还有whether how when where等 heoftenaskshisgirlfriendaquestionwhethersheloveshim 小结 2 ihavenoideawherehehasgone 我不知道他去了哪里 ihavenoideawhathedid 我不知道他做了什么 总结 在havenoidea之后常用wh 引导同位语从句 1 thefact sheworkshardiswellknowntousall a thatb whatc whyd which2 thenews hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly a whatb thatc whyd when3 ihavenoidea hewillstart a whenb thatc whatd 4 i vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage themeetingwon tbeheldtomorrow a ifb thatc whetherd which 5 thethought hemightfailintheexamworriedhim a whenb whichc whatd that6 heoftenaskedmethequestion theworkwasworthdoing a whetherb wherec thatd when 同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别 1 从先行词看同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是 主语 be 表语 的关系 该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词 例如 theyweredelightedatthenewsthattheirteamhadwon thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon 2 从引导词来看引导词that在同位语从句中是连词 只起连接作用 无具体词 that不可省略 that在定语从句中是关系代词 它在从句中充当一定成分 主语或宾语 有具体词意 作宾语时还可以省略 thefactory that wevisitedyesterdayisachemicalone thenewsthathewillleaveforshanghaiistrue 3 同位语从句的简易判断方法同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是 主语 be 表语 的同位语关系 所以 可以在名词和从句之间加系动词be 使之构成一个新句子 如果合乎逻辑 句子通顺 则原句为同位语从句 定语从句是不能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的 thebeliefthattheearthisflatisstillheldinsomecountries thebeliefisthattheearthisflat 两种从句的本质的不同 定语从句是形容词性的 它的功能是修饰先行词 描述它的性质或特征 同位语从句是名词性的 它的功能是对所说明的词语作进一步的补充性的解释 试比较 thenewsthatweheardspreadallovertheschoolcampus 定语从句 thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheschoolcampus 同位语从句 exercises 1 there safeelinginme we llneverknowwhataufois notever 02 上海 a thatb whichc ofwhichd what 答案解析 thatwe llneverknowwhataufois notever作afeeling的同位语 解释afeeling的具体内容的 that在从句中不做任何成分 2 isthisthehospital heworkedtenyearsago a thatb wherec whichd theone 答案解析 此处是where引导的定语从句 先行词thehospital是表示地点的 所以用关系副词where引导 并且在定语从句中作地点状语 3 astorygoes elizabethiofenglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemen 04 上海 a whenbwhichc whatd that 答案解析 that引导的是同位语从句 和story构成同位关系 在同位语从句中不充当任何成分 也不能省略 4 hissuccesswasbecauseof hehadbeenworkinghard a thatb thefactwhichc thefactthatd thefact 答案解析 thefact作becauseof的宾语 that引导的是同位语从句 用来说明fact的具体内容 不在从句中作任何成分 也不能省略 5 tomcametotheconclusion byacomputer a thatnotallthingscanbedone b becauseofnotallthingsbedone c beingnotallthingscanbedoned becausenotallthingscanbedone 答案解析 conclusion后面应跟一个由that引导的同位语从句 故选择项a为答案项 6 wearelivinginanage manythingsaredoneoncomputer 03 春招 a whichb that c whosed when 7 iworkinabusiness almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance 04 湖南 a howb whichc whered that 答案解析 定语从句不能用how引导 且从句的主谓宾成分完整 故可排除b和d选项 finishexercise2onpage37 1 thepossibilitythattheweatherinwinterwouldbewarmerpleasedthecanadians 2 theideathattherewillbeanearthquaketerrifiesmanypeople 3 thehopethatwecouldgotofrancewasexciting 4 thefactthatmoreandmorepeoplesettledownincanadasurprisesme 5 thebeliefthattheworldisflatisnotscientific exercises 5minutes 1 hissuggestionthatweshouldtakethetrainfromthewesttoeastacrosscanadasoundsveryexciting 2 theideathattheywouldclonethefirsthumanbeingsurprisedmanypeopleatthemeeting 3 hebroketherulethatnooneisallowedtosmokeonthecampus 4 thechinesebasketballfanswerewildwithjoywhentheyheardthenewsthatyaominghadcollectedfortypointsforthehoustonrocketsinthegame exercises 5minutes finishexercise1onpage71 5 maryleftamessagewithmeforyouthatshewon tbeabletoseeyouoffthisafternoon 6 thereisnodoubtthatheistheright