主谓一致考点分析.doc

主谓一致考点分析考点一、考查主语和谓语形式或意义上的一致 (一) 当主语是单数可数名词、不可数名词、(疑问词+)to do结构、动词-ing形式、主语从句、复合不定代词、表单位数量的时间、距离、金钱、重量、复数形式的学科名词(physics, politics)、国家或组织名称(the United States, the United Nations)等，谓语动词常用单数。提示：what引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 (如：What we need are good doctors.我们需要的是好医生。)如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数。如：More than twenty years have passed since we graduated. 我们毕业后已经过了二十多年。【考例1】All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. (2012湖南)A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is【考例2】 Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _ some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. (2012安徽)A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept (二) 在“名词代词介宾结构谓语”结构中，谓语动词与名词代词保持一致，介宾结构看作修饰成分。该结构中的常见介词及短语介词有withtogether withalong withas well aslikerather thanbutexceptbesides / including / in addition to等。【考例】 The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. (2013福建)A. were invitedB. was invited C. have been invitedD. has been invited (三) “alla lotplentypartthe restmost /分数/百分数of名词代词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式一般取决于of后的名词或代词的数。表示复数概念用复数动词，表示单数概念用单数动词。【考例1】 The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. (2011安徽)A. is B. are C. was D. were 【考例2】 One-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people. (2011湖南)A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is (四)a number ofan average ofa total of等+可数名词复数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而the number ofthe average ofthe total of等+名词构成短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；“a great(large)small number of，many，a few，few, a good(great) many, dozens of, scores of可数名词复数”结构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数。a little， little, much， a great deal of， a large amount of一般只修饰不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。(如：A great deal of petrol is wasted. )【考例1】 The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 1990. (2009山东)A. is B. are C. has been D. have been【考例2】 Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry. (2005辽宁)A. is working B. works C. work D. worked (五)“one of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。但“one of复数名词”结构后接定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用复数形式；而在“the only/ right/ very one of名词关系代词从句谓语”结构中，从句谓语动词用单数。【考例1】 Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. (2010全国)A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn【考例2】 At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport _ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. (2009江西)A. is B. are C. will be D. was (六) pairs ofamounts ofquantities of.等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； a pair of(表示一双，一条时)an amount of / a series of构成短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。【考例1】 Why does the lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water _. (2009福建)A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been pollutedD. have been polluted【考例2】 As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. (2001上海)A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have(七) and连接并列主语表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，表示不同概念时谓语动词常用复数形式。【考例1】 A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. (2006江苏)A. is B. are C. was D. were【考例2】 Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. (2007浙江)A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided (八) cattlepolicepeopleclothesgoods以及复数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。(九)单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常根据句意来确定。常见的这类词有deer / fish / means / sheep / species / works等。如： All means have been tried. 各种手段都试过了。 One means is still to be tried. 还有一种手段尚待一试。 (十)主语是集合名词family / government / public / audience等，表示强调整体时谓语动词用单数，如强调个体谓语动词用复数。考点二、谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致(一) eitherorneithernornot onlybut alsonotbut/or等连接并列主语时，谓语动词单复数由最靠近它的主语决定；(二)在倒装句中，谓语动词单复数由其后面的主语决定。 【考例1】 Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. (2009湖南)A. are B. is C. have D. be【考例2】 Is everyone here?Not yet. Look, there _ the rest of our guests! (2010江苏)A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming考点三、常见固定格式的主语 (一) 由each.and (each)., every.and (every)., many a .and (many a )., no. and (no).等结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：【考例】 Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _invited. (2008陕西)A. were B. have been C. has been D. was (二) many a(n)单数名词及more than one单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而more复数名词thanone作主语时，谓语动词用复数；one or two +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； a + 单数名词 + or two作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。如： One