高中英语 Module6 War and Peace阅读训练（4）外研版选修6.docVIP

module6 war and peace阅读训练（4）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省泰安市高三第一轮复习质量检测】more than one in four children alive in britain today will celebrate their 100th birthday，official figures showed.the special figures show a huge social change，with todays children likely to survive far longer than their parents or grandparents.of the 12.4 million children aged 16 and under,3.3 million (27%) will become someone who is a hundred years old or older.in a class of 30 children，eight can live to be 100.and the rest of the children are likely to get to an old age，even though they will not make it to three figures.experts warned that children may live to 100，but that they will not get their state pension until they are 70 or beyond.the state pension age is rising to 66 for both men and women by 2020，and the government has warned it will continue to rise.laith khalaf，a pension expert，said，“living to an old age is lucky if you can afford it，but a nuisance if you cant.those without enough savings will be depending on the state pension which will be changed.”it also increases the possibility of millions of people surviving until their 100th birthday with a poor quality of life because of poor health and little money.millions of older people have no pensions，no savings and no plans about how they are going to pay for their retirement other than to carry on working.if the older population demands more resources，then they have to come from their own wealth or the government.laith said，“millions of people will be spending over a third of their lives in retirement.it is high time that we reformed the state pension system.we want to make it fair for future generation.”1from the first paragraph we can learn that_.atodays children probably live longer than their parentsbfew of british children are expected to live to an old agecmore than 30% of children aged 16 can live to be 100d20% of british children will celebrate their 100th birthday2the underlined word “nuisance” in paragraph 2 probably means_.asomebody who is disabledbsomebody who is dishonestcsomething that causes troubledsomething that is incorrect3what kind of life will people living to 100 probably face?aa high quality of life because of the development of technology.ba low quality of life because of bad health and limited money.ca high quality of life because of the increase in food price.da low quality of life because of the present government.4why should the government at present reform the state pension system?athe present pension system isnt quite useful.bpeople nowadays dont need the pension at all.cmore and more people ask the government to do so.dthe present pension system is unfair for future generation.5what can be inferred from the text?athe retirement age will be raised to 70 or beyond.bthe government will provide job chances for the retired.cthe state pension age for men is different from that for women.dit will increase the governments pressure if more children live to 100.语篇解读官方数据表明，现在的英国儿童会比他们的长辈活得更久。令人担心的是，这将会给政府带来巨大的养老负担。1解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第二句“the special figures show a huge social change，with todays children likely to survive far longer than their parents or grandparents.”可知，现在的英国儿童可能会比他们的长辈活得更久，故选a。答案：a2解析：考查词义猜测。根据上下文可知，画线词所在句表示“如果你能够承担养老的费用，长寿是一种幸运，但如果承担不起，那就会是一种麻烦”，故nuisancesomething that causes trouble，答案为c。答案：c3解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“it also increases the possibility of millions of people surviving until their 100th birthday with a poor quality of life because of poor health and little money.”可知，活到100岁的人可能会面临因身体差、资金有限而造成生活质量降低的问题，即b项正确。答案：b4解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段的最后一句“we want to make it fair for future generation.”可知，目前的养老金制度对于后代来说是不公平的，因此政府要改革养老金制度，故d项正确。答案：d5解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段的最后一句“if the older population demands more resources，then they have to come from their own wealth or the government.”可知答案。答案：d.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition, and proper rest for physical recovery. a person who is physically fit will be able to walk or run without getting breathless and he or she will be able to carry out the activities of everyday living and will not need help. how much each person can do will depend on their age and whether they are a man or woman. a physically fit person usually has a normal weight for height. the relation between height and weight is called the body mass index. a taller person can be heavier and still be fit. if a person is too heavy or too thin for the height it may affect the health. mental health refers to a persons emotional and psychological well-being. a state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her thinking and emotional (feeling) abilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life. one way to think about mental health is by looking at how well a person functions. feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to bounce back, or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.public health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health. this is fixed by organized efforts and choices of society, public and private clubs, communities and individuals.it is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person. public health stops instead of encouraging a disease through surveillance (监督) of cases. to prevent being sick, it is good to do healthy behaviors, such as hand washing, vaccination programs and so on. when infectious diseases break out, washing hands may be especially important.26. what is the best title of the passage?a. physical, mental and public healthb. something about healthc. importance of healthd. three healthy lives【答案】a【解析】标题归纳题。根据physical fitness refers to good health及mental health refers to a persons emotional and psychological well-being.及public health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health.这是主题句，分别叙述了身体健康，精神健康及公共卫生，故选a。27. what does “body mass index” in paragraph 1 consist of?a. exercise, proper diet and nutritionb. abilities, functions and demandsc. recovery, independence and relationd. height, weight and their relation.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据the relation between height and weight is called the body mass index.可知身高体重及它们之间的关系，故选d。28. what are the signs of mental health?a. living an independent life and suffer from hardships.b. reducing normal levels of stress and handle bounce back. c. increasing emotional demands and psychological well-being.d. living an independent life and own good friends and family.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to bounce back, or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.过着独立的生活拥有好朋友和家庭，故选d。29. once bird flu takes place, that refers to _.a. the problem of physical healthb. the problem of public healthc. the problem of mental healthd. the importance of washing hands【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据public health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community及 it is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person.公共健康不是指一个人的而是指一个社区或集体，禽流感的发生是由于公共健康的问题，故选b。30. what can promote your body health according to the passage?a. family, society and individuals.b. private clubs, communities and individuals.c. regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition.d. hand washing, vaccination and other healthy behaviors.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition,适当的锻炼，适量的饮食及营养能够促进身体健康，故选c。【陕西省咸阳市2014高考英语模拟考试】with the development of society, the choice of food and drinks for children is more diversified than ever before. however, every coin has two sides. many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the statistics. i feel there are a number of reasons for this.some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. this has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. if there were fewer of these restaurants then probably children would buy less take-away food.there is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. i agree to this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. if children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.there is a third reason for this situation. children these days take very little exercise. they do not walk to school. when they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers. not only is this an unhealthy pastime（消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. what they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.the above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as guiding them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.50. what is suggested by the author to deal with “overweight”?a. blaming the shops selling unhealthy and fatty foods.b. asking young children to walk to school every day.c. living an active life and removing bad eating habits.d. not watching tv or playing computer games after school.51. which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?52. the author writes the passage to _a. show people a social problem b. provide facts for governmentc. advise solutions to a problem d. compare opinions with people53. the underlined word “diversified” in the first paragraph most probably means _.a. various b. difficult c. expensive d. available【陕西省咸阳市2014高考英语模拟考试】 beijingfamily planning officers will handle the illegal birth case of film director zhang yimou by following legal procedures, a government spokesman said on tuesday, december 10, 2013.when asked to comment on zhangs case at a press conference, yao hongwen, spokesman for the national health and family planning commission(nhfpc), said “every citizen is equal before the law and nobody is allowed to have privileges（特权）to give birth to more children than allowed.”yaos comment came after media stories claimed that zhang had remarried and fathered a total of seven children: one with his former wife, three with his present wife, chen ting, and another three from two lovers.“the nhfpcs attitude towards citizens birth violations（违法）is consistent and clearevery chinese citizen should obey and safeguard the seriousness of laws and regulations.” nhfpc spokesman yao hongwen said.chinas family planning policy, introduced in the late 1970s to slow down the countrys growing population, limits most urban couples to one child and most rural couples to two. the policy was recently relaxed, allowing couples to have two children if one of them is an only child.those who break the policy face severe fines. the amount of the fine is generally several times the yearly annual income of the two spouses（配偶）. some media calculations put the fine that zhang may face at as much as 160 million yuan(over $26 million).zhangs birth case has caused criticism online about famous people who have more children than the policy allows.in an open letter on december 1, zhang admitted that the couple has two sons and daughter and they are willing to accept investigation and punishment according to chinas laws and regulations. he apologized to the public.however, the letter denied that zhang had lovers and was father to as many as seven children from various mothers.zhang, one of the “fifth generation” of chinese filmmakers, made his first directorial work in 1987 with “red sorghum” and has won a number of award worldwide. he was chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the beijing olympic games.54. the purpose of the news report is to _a. claim that zhang yimou remarried and fathered a total of seven childrenb. inform us that zhangs illegal birth case will be dealt with by the governmentc. convince us that zhang is a famous director and his case will be pardonedd. confirm that zhangs illegal birth case has resulted in lots of criticism online55. according to yao hongwen, which of the following statements is true?a. every chinese citizen should obey and safeguard laws and regulations.b. few people have the privileges to give birth to more children than allowed.c. chinas family planning policy has never been relaxed since introduced.d. zhang will be fined as much as 160 million yuan for his violations.56. judging from the recent relaxed policy, a couple_a. can have as many as three children if they live in a rural areab will definitely be fined if they have two children nowadaysc. can give birth to two children if one of them is an only childd. can only give birth to two children if they live in an urban area阅读理解。the best and worst part about being a twenty-something is that every decision you make can change the rest of your life. once youre in your 30s or 40s, it gets harder and harder to reinvent yourself. so i made an interview with dr. meg jay, the clinical psychologist. he explains why the twenties matter, and how to make the most of them. in dr. meg jays opinion, our 20s are the defining decade of adulthood. 80% of lifes most important moments take place by about age 35. and 2/3 of lifetime wage growth happens during the first ten years of a career. more than half of americans are married or are dating or living with their future partner by age 30. personality can change more during our 20s than at any other decade in life. female fertility(生育能力) peaks at 28. the brain caps off (结束) its last major growth. when it comes to adult development, 30 is not the new 20. even if you do nothing, not making choices is a choice all the same. dont be defined by what you didnt know or didnt do.on the other hand, i also ask him how the 20s track their progress toward their future goals and whether milestones like 21 and 30 are really important. dr. meg jay think it absolutely important. milestones-21, 25, 30, new years, birthdays, reunions-are important because they cause self-reflection. what he mentioned are as follows: am i where i wanted to be by this age? did i do what i said i would do this year? if not, why not. and if not now, when? a 20-year-old girl who interviewed me recently told me about a question she was advised to ask herself as s