北京市密云县高考英语阅读理解和短文改错练习（7）.doc

北京市密云县2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错练习（7）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。to hitch-hike successfully in any country you must be able to do two things: attract attention and at the same time convince the driver at a glance that you do not intend to rob or murder him. to fulfill the first requirement you must have some mark to distinguish you at once from all other hikers. a serviceman, for instance, should wear his uniform, and a student his red scarf. in a foreign country an unmistakable indication of your own nationality will also arrest a drivers attention. when i hitch-hiked 9, 500 miles across the united states and back recently i wore a well-tailored suit, a bowler hat and a trench coat, and carried a pencil-thin rolled black umbrella. my suitcase was decorated with british flags. having plenty of luggage, moreover, i was not likely to be suspected of being a dangerous lunatic(精神病患者). i then had to get across to the driver the idea that i was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply. but even with careful preparation, you must not assume that the task will be easy. you should be prepared to wait a little, for there are drivers who confess to a fierce prejudice against, (not to say hatred of)hitch-hikers, and would no more pick up a hiker than march from aldermaston to london. in america, my average wait is half an hour, and my longest is two hours, but i have heard of people waiting all day: they probably took less pains to make themselves easy to notice. nor must you assume that all the drivers who stop for you are nice, normal people. on one occasion i found myself driving with two boys of about nineteen who turned out to be on the run from the police, and were hoping to use me as an alibi. there are also lesser(较小的)risks: you may find yourself in the car of a fascist fanatic, a mormon missionary(传教士), or just a bad driver. you cannot tell, of course until you are in the car. but you soon learn the art of the quick excuse that gets you out again. if the hitch-hiker in the us remembers that he is seeking the willingness of drivers to give him a free ride, and is prepared to give in exchange entertainment and company, and not go to sleep, he will come across the remarkable, almost legendary, hospitality of american of the west. it will also help if he can drivei think that i drove myself about 4, 500 of those 9, 500 miles i hitch-hiked in the states. 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了作者如何搭乘便车的一些经验, 如装束、等车、遇到的司机, 还特别提及了在美国的一些有关搭乘便车的趣事。1. a serviceman should wear his uniform. a. so as not to look too unusualb. to attract attentionc. to show he is on dutyd. to put the driver at ease【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据第一段“attract attention and at the same time convince the driver at a glance that you do not intend to rob or murder him. . . a serviceman, for instance, should wear his uniform”可以得知答案。2. in paragraph 3, we learn that the writer. a. has sometimes failed to hitch a rideb. has marched from aldermaston to londonc. has been successful in hitching a rided. has had to wait for long hours for a ride【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句中my average wait is half an hour, and my longest is two hours, but i have heard of people waiting all day可知作者是比较成功的。3. the main idea of paragraph 4 is that. a. it is dangerous to be in a car with strangersb. hitch-hiking may turn out to be risky sometimesc. a hitch-hiker must also learn the art of quick excused. hitch-hikers might come across bad drivers【解析】选b。段落大意题。第四段的第一句是主题句。遇到的司机不见得个个都是正常人, 从后面的例子也得知乘便车是有危险性的。4. a suitable title for the passage would be“”. a. the art of hitch-hikingb. an englishmans view of the usc. an english hitch-hikerd. the joys and dangers of hitch-hiking【解析】选a。主旨大意题。此处的art是“技巧”的意思。全文讲的是搭乘便车的一些经验和技巧, 故a是最佳答案。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解如何辨别主旨大意题的错误选项在阅读理解中, 主旨大意题的错误选项一般有以下几个特点: 1. 以偏概全。故意片面地理解文章, 把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。2. 放大或缩小文章的主题。把文章的主题进行放大或者缩小。3. 偷换概念。把文章主题换成相关但不同的主题。请说出a篇阅读理解中三个错误选项分别属于哪种错误类型。题号选项错误类型4b_c_d_答案:题号选项错误类型4b偷换概念c放大主题d以偏概全阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014赣州市高三年级适应性考试】moving to a new neighborhood，town，state，or even country can be a pretty scary experience.all you know is that things will be different and chances are you wont know the kids at your new school.the experiences that go with moving make many kids feel nervous and worried.this is perfectly normal but dont let these emotions overrun your thoughts！you will soon get used to your surroundings and find new friends at your new school.leaving old friends and familiar places behind can be difficult.however，as you begin the moving process，keep in mind that saying goodbye to your old house，school，and friends does not mean that you have to forget them or that your farewell is permanent！if youre moving to a new state or even a different country and wont see your friends for a long nme，dont despair.make sure to ask everyone for their address so you can write them letters.also，thanks to the internet，it is very easy to stay in touch through email or instant messaging technologies.with your parents permission，you can even create a blog or web page to chronicle all of your new experiences.include your thoughts，tales of your new adventures，even pictures of new friends，your new house，and new town.your old friends will love seeing what you are busy with.many schools have an orientation program where a student already established at the school shows a new student around for their first week.this can help you to find your way around the school and to make new friends faster.while moving is tough on kids of any age，high school counselor karen turner says moves can be particularly difficult for teens.“i think moving during adolescents is an extremely stressful experience，especially if you are into your junior high or senior year.students tend to have established a very strong peer network during that period in their lives.often this has more influence on them even than their families in some cases，and when they are torn from that theres often resentment (怨气)” however，turner adds that while moving isnt easy，there are things that your parents and the school can do to help you cope with the change.1who are the intended readers of the passage?aeducation experts.bschool teachers.cparents.dstudents.2which of the following is mainly suggested in paragraph 3?astaying in contact with old friends.bexpressing yourself when it is possible.cforming good habits at school.dkeeping positive about your new school.3according to the passage，an orientation program_.ahelps local students in many ways bis organized by new studentscoffers help to new students dfocuses on all the students at school4according to the passage，karen turner may agree that_.amany parents seem to care little about their children bteens can easily be attached to their friendscparents should communicate with the school teachersdteens tend to behave rudely in a new school5if this passage continues，what would the author further discuss?awhat a new school is like.bwhy parents move with their children.chow parents and the school can help the children.dhow children can express their anxiety.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。对青少年来说，搬家会令他们感到紧张和忧虑，因为这意味着要离开熟悉的环境、特别是熟悉的朋友们。对此，本文给出了一些建议来帮助青少年尽快适应新的环境。1解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“you will soon get used to your surroundings and find new friends at your new school.”可知，其中的“you”实际上指的就是学生，即本文的目标读者。答案：d2解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，该段主要是讲述如果你搬到一个新地方，很长时间看不到朋友，不要绝望，可以通过信件、网络等方式与老朋友保持联系。答案：a3解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“this can help you to find your way around the school and to make new friends faster.”可知，“导向计划”是给新学生提供帮助。答案：c4解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段karen tuner所说的话可知，搬家对青少年来说尤其困难，因为此时他们在生活中已经建立了深厚的友谊，因此不愿离开朋友，也就是说，青少年更容易依恋他们的朋友。答案：b5解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句提到“there are things that your parents and the school can do to help you cope with the change.”可推测出，如果短文继续写下去，作者讨论的应该是父母和学校怎样来帮助孩子们。答案：c。阅读理解。 she is quiet, soft-spoken and has a kind face and a strong heart. she is my mom, lili.when i was nine, lili quitted her job and started her own business. she said she didnt want to stay at home and work as a housewife: “its a waste of life.” lili became so busy that she spent less and less time with me. she didnt help me with my schoolwork. it was, in her words, “so that you can develop your independence”. we quarreled because she rarely showed up at parents meetings. like mother, like daughter. i have many things in common with lili. i want everything to be under control. i want to be perfect and i dont expect other people to help me. i push myself hard to achieve my goals.after i started to go to high school, lili and i were too busy to communicate much with each other. in biology class i began to be depressed. when the teacher showed us a picture of a butterfly, i was scared and screamed. i had a vision of thousands of butterflies flying toward me.that night i told lili about it. the next morning, i saw that she had red eyes with black circles around them. she took me to see a therapist (治疗师). three hours later, the therapist told lili that my life was like a wheel spinning (旋转) faster and faster and that was the reason for what had happened to me. i only realized it when my body couldnt stand the pressure anymore. at these words, lili burst into tears. “its all my fault, shes just a kid and i didnt have time to take care of her.” to be honest, i had never seen lili cry before. after that, lili began to spend more time at home, cooking and dragging me to do sports. i realized she was the one who would always be there when i was in real trouble. no mom is perfect, but she is the one who really cares about her kid.6. lili quitted her job and started her own business because _.a. she wanted to make more money b. she was not willing to look after mec. she didnt want to waste her life d. she likes keeping busy7. we quarreled because _.a. she began to spend less and less time with meb. she didnt help me with my schoolwork.c. she seldom attended the parents meetings in my school.d. lili and i were too busy to communicate much with each other.8. what can we learn from the passage?a. most women dont want to be a housewife.b. most children want their mothers to accompany them at home.c. we need to understand our mothers busy life.d. although mothers are not perfect, they all love the children9. which of the following statements is wrong?a. lili is a quiet, strong-willed woman.b. lili began to spend more time at home after visiting the therapist.c. i was scared and screamed in biology class because i hate butterflies.d. i only realized my life was like a wheel when my body couldnt stand the pressure anymore.10. what is the best title for the passage?a. mom does care. b. a busy but successful mother.c. change from mother to businessman. d. a students opinion on mother.【参考答案6-10】ccdca 阅读理解。 people in the united states honor their parents with two special days: mothers day, on the second sunday in may, and fathers day, on the third sunday in june.mothers day was proclaimed a day for national observance by president woodrow wilson in 1915. ann jarvis from grafton, west virginia, had started the idea to have a day to honor mothers. she was the one who chose the second sunday in may and also began the custom of wearing a carnation.in 1909, mrs. dodd from spokane, washington, thought of the idea of a day to honor fathers. she wanted to honor her own father, william smart. after her mother died, he had the responsibility of raising a family of five sons and a daughter. in 1910, the first fathers day was observed in spokane. senator margaret chase smith helped to establish fathers day as a national commemorative day in 1972. these days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. they raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. they give love and care.these two special days are celebrated in many different ways. on mothers day people wear carnations. a red one symbolizes a living mother. a white one shows that the mother is deadmany people attend religious services to honor parents. it is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery. on these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. they often have outdoor barbecues for fathers day. these are days of fun and good feelings and memories.11according to the passage, which of the following about the second sunday in may is not true?ait is a day to show love to mothersbit is a day to wear carnations cit is a day for people to visit the cemetery dit is a day for many people to attend religious services12choose the right time order of the following events.a. the first fathers day was observed. b. mothers day was proclaimed a day for national observance c. fathers day became a day for national observance. d. the idea of honoring fathers was brought up aa b c dbd a b c cb a c d dd a c b13who plays the most important role in fathers day becoming a national commemorative day? amrs. do bmargaret chase smith cann jarvis dwoodrow wilson14from the passage, we know in the u.s. _.aone should wear a red carnation if ones mother pass awaybon mothers day, families often go out to have barbecuescon fathers day, people often stay at home to celebrate the special day.dthe purpose to have these two special days is to show love to parents15. the authors purpose of writing this passage is to _ a.call on people to love and respect their parents b. introduce mothers day and fathers day. c. tell the difference between mothers day and fathers day d. show how important fathers and mothers are【参考答案1115、】cbbdb短文改错last week my parents and i took a two-day trip to emeimountain in sichuan. as everyone knows, its famous1. _mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. the weather2. _was fine. it was about noon we arrived at the foot of 3 _the mountain. the three of them were very excited. as we 4._climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples 5. _and told stories. on the way up i was busy taking picture 6. _since the scenery was so beautiful. the time passes quickly.7. _evening came down. we spent the night in a hotel at8. _the top of the mountain. the food was expensive and 9. _the service was good. i was so tired that i fell asleepat the moment my head touched the pillow.10. _答案及解析1. famous 前加 a。mountain 为可数名词。又是第一次被谈及， 故应在 famous 前加不定冠词。2. 此行无错。3. noon 后加 when 。it was about noon 是主句， 后面的应为从句， 故在 noon 后加when， 此处 when 意为“在时候”。4. them 改为 us。综观全文可知， 此文是用第一人称的口吻来叙述的。5. visiting 改为 visited。此处climbed， visited 和 told 构成并列谓语。6. picture 改为 pictures。7. passes 改为 passed。应与全文时态一致。8. 删去 down。9. and 改为 but。饭菜很贵不是一件令人愉快的事， 而服务质量很高确实是一件好事， 故前后为转折关系。10. 删去 at。the moment直接引导时间状语从句。短文改错。以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出