高考英语 必记20组高频短语素材.doc

2016年高考英语 必记20组高频短语素材1.burndown/burnout/burnup/burnupsth./burntothegroundburndown(火势)减弱,(被)焚毁burnout烧尽,熄灭burnup被烧掉,被烧毁,发烧burnupsth.烧掉,焚毁burntotheground夷为平地withotherheaters,youllnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.(2013北京卷a)2.howoften/howlong/howfar/howsoon/howfast/howcomehowoften提问动作的频率,意为多长时间一次;对howoften的回答一般是twiceayear,threetimesaweek等。howlong是对时间有多久进行提问;回答时常用for或since构成的时间状语。howfar是询问距离的,表示有多远;howfar还可以表示程度,意为有多大,直(至)。howsoon对表示要过多久以后要到什么时候等意义的时间状语提问;对howsoon的回答一般用将来时态,用in+时间段,如intwodays/infiveyears。howfast表示有多快。howcome表示为什么,怎么会。3.callat/callback/callfor/callin/callon/callup/calloffcallat停靠,(短时间)停留callback回电话callfor(公开)要求,需要callin要求退回,召来callon邀请,请求callup使回忆起,使想起calloff取消,停止进行4.comeabout/comeacross/comeoff/comeout/cometrue/comeup/comeon/comeupon/comealongcomeabout发生comeacross被理解comeoff从掉下(或落下),与分离(或分开)comeout出版,发行cometrue成为现实,实现comeup破土而出,升起comeon登台,开始,发展,加油comeupon偶然遇见,偶然发现comealong到达,跟随,进步wouldyouliketocomealongwithustothefilmtonight?(2013新课标全国卷2)5.cutdown/cutoff/cutthrough/cutup/cutin/cutoutcutdown砍倒,削减cutoff割掉,中断(供给)cutthrough开辟(出路或通道)cutup(严重地)割伤,打伤,切碎cutin插嘴cutout(马达或发动机)突然熄火,裁剪,删除thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkersarerepairingoneofthemainpipes.(2013天津卷13)6.breakout/breakdown/breakaway/breakinto/breakoff/breakthrough/breakup/breakinbreakout爆发breakdown出故障,坏掉breakaway突然挣脱,逃脱breakinto强行闯入breakoff中断,断开breakthrough克服,战胜,取得突破breakup粉碎,结束breakin打断,搅扰,强行进入old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreakdownindisasters.(2013福建卷28)7.bringup/bringout/bringabout/bringin/bringback/bringdown/bringforth/bringforward/bringoff/bringon/bringtobringup养育,提出(讨论等),呕吐bringout出版,生产,使显现,阐明bringabout导致,引起bringin提出(新法案),引入,赚得,宣布bringback归还,使回忆起,重新使用bringdown击落,打倒(动物),降低,减少,打垮bringforth生产,产出bringforward将(的日期或时间)提前,提议bringoff完成,做完(艰难的工作)bringo