2018湖南永州中考英语+解析.docx

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请 联系网站删除湖南永州中考市2018年初中学业水平考试试卷英语（试题卷）1.本试卷包括试题卷和答题卡，考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。2.考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上作答无效，考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。3.满分120分，考试时间100分钟。亲爱的考生，请你沉着应考，细心审题，揣摩题意，应用技巧，准确答答。祝你成功！第一部分 听力技能（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案划（写）在试卷上，录音内容朗读完后，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面五段材料，每段材料后有一个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.What did Tom have for breakfast this morning?2.How does Mrs. Lee go to work?3.What time does the supermarket open?4.What is Li Fang going to do this weekend?5.How does the man get to the Peoples Hospital?第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面六段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有2-3个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。听第一段对话，回答6-7小题。6.Whom does they boy want to go swimming with?A. His mother.B. His father.C. His friends7.What will the boy do finally?A. Go to the countryside.B. Go swimmingC. Hang out.8.What does Han Mei think of Yu Gong Moves a Mountain?A. Interesting and encouraging.B. Great and cool.C. Full of imaginations.9.What are the two speakers talking about?A. Yu Gong.B. Sun Wukong.C. Two stories.听第三段对话，回答第10-11小题。10.What happened to Gina the day before yesterday?A. She hurt her leg in the P.E. class.B. She didnt have the P.E. class.C. She didnt have the English class.11.Whats the relationship between the two speakers?A. Doctor and patient.B. Father and daughter.C. Teacher and student.听第四段对话，回答第12-14小题。12.When was Sun Yang born?A. In 19990.B. In 1991.C. In 1992.13.How many gold medals has Sun Yang got in world-class competitions?A. Twelve.B. Twenty.C. Twenty-five.14.Where did Sun Yang teach primary school students to swim?A. In Zhejiang and Jiangxi.B. In Jiangxi and Jilin.C. In Zhejiang and Jilin听第五段对话，回答第15-17小题。15.What did Mike enjoy?A. BreakfastB. Lunch.C. Dinner.16.Who will do the dishes?A. Amy and Mike.B. Amy and Alice.C. Mike and Alice17.Why does Mike drink green tea?A. Because he dislikes black tea.B. Because he wants to lose weight.C. Because green tea can help him stay awake.听下面的独白，回答第18-20小题。18.What is Li Hua interested in?A. sunshine Radio Station.B. Happy Reading Club.C. English Corner.19.What is Li Huas dream?A. To be a host.B. To be an English teacher.C. To be a reporter.20.What is Li Hua talking about?A. Volunteer activitiesB. After-class activities.C. Sports activities.1-5BAACA 6-10BCACA 11-15CCABC 16-20BBCAB第一节听下面五段材料，每段材料后有一个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 1. Tom had milk and bread for breakfast this morning. 2. Mrs Lee usually takes a bus to work. 3. The supermarket opens at 7: 30 am and closes at 8: 30 p. m. 4. M: Li Fang，can you go to the cinema with me this weekend? W: Id love to, but I will visit Li Das Old House with my classmates 5. M: Excuse me, Can you tell me where the Peoples Hospital is? W: Go down this street and tum left at the first crossing, you ll find it easily M: Thank you W: youre welcome第二节听下面六段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有23个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段对话，回答第67小题 M: Mom. where is dad? W: Oh, he has gone to the countryside on business. M: What a pity! Its so hot and I planned to go swimming in the river with dad. W: No, you mustnt. M: Why not? Im a good swimmer. W: Its not safe enough for you alone to go swimming in the river. M: Got it. Then can I hang out with my friends? W: No problem, but you must come home early.听第二段对话，回答第8-9小题 M: Hello, Han Mei W: Hi. Lin Tao M: What are you doing now? W: Im reading a story -Yu Gong Moves a Mountain M: What do you think of the story? w: It is really interesting and encouraging. I like it M: I think so. But its an impossible task to move a mountain. I am reading Journey to the West. W: Oh, youre great. Its so long a story. Dont you feel bored? M: No I feel excited. The soy is full of man, and the main character Sun Wukong is so cool.听第三段对话，回答第1011小题 M: Gina, you didnt have my English class yesterday. Whats wrong? W: I hurt my leg in P class the day before yesterday. M: Im sorry to hear that. Is it serious? W: Not too much M: Did you go to see a doctor? w: Yes, the doctor gave me a careful treatment and asked me to rest for a day at home M: I hope you will be better soon W: Thank you, Mr Li听第四段对话，回答第1214小题 M: Hi, Linda. You are watching TV W: Yes. Im watching a sports show about Sun Yang M: Sun Yang? What does he do? W: Dont you know about him? He is a famous swimmer in China M: Can you tell me more about him? W: Sure. Hes born in Zheiiang Province in 1992. He has won twelve gold medals in world-class competition M: Wow! So great! W: Also, he is a caring and helpful person. He has ever been to Jilin and Jiangxi to teach primary school students to swim. M: Really admirable.听第五段对话，回答第1517小题 M: Amy, thats a wonderful dinner. Its a long time since I enjoyed a good meal. W: Really? Thanks, Mike. Im happy you enjoyed it. M: Can I help you with the dishes? W: No，thanks. Alice and I can do it Would you like some tea? M: OK. thanks W: Green tea or black tea? M: Green, please. I guess green tea can help me lose weight. Im just a little fatty W: Oh, doing sports may be a better choice听下面的独白，回答第18-20小题 Hello, everyone. Im Li Hua. Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high school There are many kinds of after-class activities in our school, such as English Corner, Sunshine Radio Station, Happy Reading Club and so on Im interested in English Corner very much. It not only helps me make new friends but also improve my spoken English. Besides, Tm a member of Sunshine Radio Station. On weekday mornings, every student can hear me and I enjoy that. I wish I could be a radio host one day: All in all, these after-class activities make me feel happy and make my school life colorful听力测试到此结束，请同学们继续做下面的试题 第二部分知识运用（共两节，满分20分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. (2018湖南永州中考) What do you think of movie Amazing China?Its wonderful.A. aB. theC./21. B【解析】考查冠词辨析。句意：你认为厉害了，我的国这部电影怎么样?非常精彩。此处特指具体的电影需要用定冠词the，故选B。22. (2018湖南永州中考) Mom, can you help me wash my clothes?Sorry, dear. Help .A. myselfB. ourselvesC. yourself22. C【解析】考查反身代词的用法。句意：妈妈，你能帮我洗衣服吗?抱歉，亲爱的你自己洗吧。故选C。23. (2018湖南永州中考) Stephen Hawking, a great scientist, died the morning of March 14, 2018.A. onB.inC.at23. A【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：霍金，一个伟大的科学家，于2018年3月14日早晨离世。表示“在具体到某一天”，用介词on。故选A。24. (2018湖南永州中考) Playing computer games too often bad for us.A.amB.isC. are24. B【解析】考查be动词的用法。句意：玩电脑游戏对我们有害。动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。故选B。25. (2018湖南永州中考) Slow down! Someone the road.Easy. I will.A. has crossedB. was crossingC.is crossing25. C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：慢点！有人正在过马路。小事，我会的。前面的祈使句内容说明后文说的是此刻发生的事情，应该使用现在进行时。故选C。26. (2018湖南永州中考) Is our playground still over there?No, a large library on it two years ago.A.is builtB. was builtC. has built26. B【解析】考查动词语态和时态。句意：我们的操场还在那儿吗？没有了，两年前，建了一个大的图书馆。图书馆是两年前被建的。故选B。27. (2018湖南永州中考) Dont forget the windows before you leave.A.to closeB. closingC. closed27. A【解析】考查非谓语动词用法辨析。句意：离开前别忘了关窗户。forget to do sth.表示“忘记要去做某事”，事情尚未发生；forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”，事情已经发生，只是忘记了。故选A。28. (2018湖南永州中考) !Yeah, I love her so much.A. How lovely Peggy is B. What lovely Peggy isC. How lovely is Peggy28. A【解析】考查感叹句。句意：Peggy多么可爱啊！是的，我非常喜爱她。句中对形容词lovely发出感叹，所以用how引导，结构为：How +adj.+主语+谓语。故选A。29. (2018湖南永州中考) Excuse me, could you tell me I can buy something to eat?There is a supermarket ahead.A. howB. whatC. where29. C【解析】考查宾语从句中引导词辨析。句意：请问，你能告诉我到哪能买到吃的吗？前面有一个超市。超市表示地点。故选C。30. (2018湖南永州中考) Im sure youll achieve it in the end you keep on doing something.A.so thatB.as long asC. unless30.B【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：我相信只要你坚持就能成功。A、C选项填入意思不通，故选B第二节词语填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2018湖南永州中考)A young man was driving down a street, a bit too fast in his new car. As he was driving along, a child suddenly 31 and threw a stone at the car. The man stopped the car and jumped out, 32 at the child. “What are you doing？”He continued. “Thats a new car. It will be 33 to fix what you did. Whatever do you want?”“Im sorry. I didnt know what else to do! Its my brother.” he said. “He fell out of his wheelchair. I cant 34 .” He asked the man, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? Hes hurt and hes too 35 for me.”The young man swallowed(吞咽) and said 36 . He lifted the kids brother back into the wheelchair. “Thank you, sir,” the child said. The man then watched the little boy 37 his brother away.The young man did not 38 the dent(凹痕) in his car. He kept it to remind himself not to go so 39 through his life that someone has to throw a stone to get his 40 .31.A. criedB. calledC. appeared32.A.shoutingB. laughingC. knocking33.A.expensiveB. pleasantC. impossible34.A.pull him awayB. lift him upC. drive him out35.A.strongB. painfulC. heavy36.A.SomethingB. nothingC. everything37.A.carryB. driveC. push38.A.repairB. forgetC. see39.A.easilyB. fastC. happily40.A.excuseB. praiseC. attention题材记叙文话题人物故事词数193【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一个年轻人开车太快被一个小男孩用石头阻止。这个小男孩是为了救自己的残疾弟弟。在得知原因之后，年轻人就把车上的凹痕留住了。随时提醒自己不要行车（行事）太快。31. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据前后文“他开车的过程中男孩向车扔了一块石头”，可推知“男孩突然出现”。故选C。32.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Shout at,“朝大喊”。故选A。33. A 【解析】考查形容词义辨析。根据句义：这是一辆新车，所以很贵。故选A。34. B 【解析】考查动词词组辨析。根据上文“He fell out of his wheelchair.”可推知需要把他扶起来。故选B。35. C 【解析】考查形容词义辨析。根据上文“Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair?.”男孩是因为弟弟受伤而且弟弟太重需要请人帮忙。故选C。36.B 【解析】考查不定代词辨析。根据上句“The young man swallowed(吞咽).”可推知，他什么也没说。故选B。37. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句义，把弟弟推走了。故选C。38. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下句“He kept it to remind himself”可推知，他没有修理车。故选A。39. B 【解析】考查副词词词义辨析。go fast, 跑得快，故选B。40. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据句义，“引起他注意”。故选C。第三部分 阅读技能（共三节 满分50分）(2018湖南永州中考)第一节 阅读选择（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面的图表和短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（A）(2018湖南永州中考)根据下面两篇短文内容，分别选择正确的图片。Recently a survery has been done in Guangming Middle School about how students pay for goods. Its found that fewer students pay cash(现金) for goods and more students use their mobile phones to pay by scanning(扫描) QR code(二维码) through WeChat or Alipay. In 2016, about 70% students pay in cash and the rest by QR code scanning. However, in 2017, the students who use QR code rise sharply to 70%41. A B CXiao Ming is counting his money and he finds that he spent 100 yuan totally last week. He remembers that he paid ￥20 for breakfast, ￥15 for drinks and ￥10 for snacks. And he bought two pens for ￥6, two notebooks for ￥18 and three magazines for ￥20. All these cost him ￥89. Where is the missing 11 yuan? Oh, it went to a medium size of potato chips and a small size.42.A B C题材说明文话题数字与数据词数164【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，作者在这篇调查报告中，主要介绍了学生付费方式的变化，和小明上周的花销情况。41. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据In 2016, about 70% students pay in cash and the rest by QR code scanning. However, in 2017, the students who use QR code rise sharply to 70%。故选B。42. A 【解析】细节理解题。此题为简单的数学计算，食物花费为：20+15+10+11=56(B) (2018湖南永州中考)During hot summer days, we like to wear white or light-colored clothes. Thats because we believe light colors can make us feel cool. But in the deserts of Africa, a tribe(部落) called the Bedouins dress in black robes(袍子). So does it really matter what color our clothing is?Scientists tested this by checking the body temperature of a person dressed in white an another person dressed in black. They found that although black clothes do take in more heat, they also lose this heat before it can reach our body.Their judgment was that it doesnt matter if people wear black or white clothing when its hot out. What matters is whether the clothing is loose(宽松的) or tight(紧的). Loose clothing is cooler than tight clothing.So instead of deciding whether to wear black or white in hot weather, just wear whatever feels most comfortable.43.Why do some people like to wear white clothes in hot weather?A. Because they think white makes them look pretty.B. Because they think white can make them cool.C. Because they think white clothing is lighter.44.Which of the following is true according to this article?A. The African tribe dress in black to feel cool.B. Tight clothing is cooler.C. Black clothing loses heat quickly45.The writer suggests that we should wear .A. light-colored clothesB. loose clothesC. comfortable clothes题材说明文话题科普知识词数148【主旨大意】本文是一篇关于服装颜色的科普文章，解释夏天决定凉爽感的不是服装的颜色，而是衣服是否宽松舒适。43.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据句义Thats because we believe light colors can make us feel cool. 我们认为浅色衣服会让我们感觉凉爽。故选B。44. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据black clothes do take in more heat, they also lose this heat before it can reach our body，故选C。B 【解析】细节理解题。根据原文we believe light colors can make us feel cool. But in the deserts of Africa, a tribe(部落) called the Bedouins dress in black robes(袍子).45. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据Loose clothing is cooler than tight clothing.故选C。(C) (2018湖南永州中考)Sams history teacher was asking him some questions. However, none of his answers was correct. So the teacher began to ask him some very simple questions, hoping that he could give at least one correct answer.“Sam, what is Waterloo?”“Waterloo?” said the boy. “Oh, it is a kind of washing machine, I think.”The teacher shook her head. “Sam, be serious, please. Now tell me the answer to a very, very easy question. Who was George Washington?”“Well,” the answer came quickly, “he must be the man who uses that washing machine.”The teacher was a little angry, but she didnt give up. She thought and thought, and then she came up with the easiest question. “Whos the president of the United States right now?”“Sorry, I dont know,” Sam answered.The teacher lost her temper. She shouted, “Donald Trump!”Sam looked around and sat down.“Stand up!” cried the teacher. “I didnt tell you to sit down.”Sam stood up. He looked puzzled. “Oh, Im sorry,” he said. “I thought you were calling the next student.” 46.What did Sam think “Waterloo” was?A.A place.B.A person.C.A washing machine.47.How many questions did the history teacher ask Sam?A. Four.B. Three.C. Two.48.The underlined expression “lost her temper” probably means in Chinese.A.勃然大怒B.晕过去了C.结巴了49.From the passage, we know .A. Sam is a lazy studentB. Sam is a funny studentC. Sam isnt good at history50.The teacher would be after she heard Sams last words.A. crazyB. very happyC. satisfied题材记叙文话题师生活动词数176【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过师生对话，展现了学校的日常生活，故事极具幽默感。46.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Waterloo?” said the boy. “Oh, it is a kind of washing machine, I think.”故选C。47. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据老师提问：What?Who? Who?总共三个问题。故选B。48. A 【解析】翻译题。根据She shouted，推测老师“勃然大怒” ，故选A。49. C 【解析】推理题。根据文章中三个问题的内容，可以推断出这是历史课。故选C。49. A 【解析】推理判断题。Sam又理解错误，回答错误，老师非常生气。故选A。(D) (2018湖南永州中考)There were two men who lived next to each other. One of them was a retired teacher and the other was a businessman. Both of them had planted many different plants in their gardens. The retired teacher seldom watered his plants and didnt pay a lot of attention to them. But his neighbor was very careful with his plants and watered them often.The retired teachers plants were small, but still looked okay, while the businessmans plants were much bigger and greener. One night, there came a storm with a heavy rain and strong wind. The next morning, both of the neighbors came out to check in their gardens. The businessman saw that his plants had come out from the earth and were totally out of life. But the retired teachers plants nicely stood where they were.The businessman was surprised, He went to consult(咨询) the retired teacher. “We both grew the same plants and I cared for my plants better than you did. How could your plants still be okay?”The retired teacher smiled and said, “Because you gave your plants too much attention. You made it too easy for them to grow. I gave my plants just a little bit of water, so they had to grow deeper to absorb(吸收) more water. That is why my plants survived.”51.What did the retired teacher do with his plants?A. He often watered his plants.B. He was careful with his plants.C. he paid little attention to his plants.52.How were the businessmans plants before the storm?A. They looked better than the teachersB. They looked worse than the teachersC. They grew shorter and thinner.53.The underlined word “survived” means in Chinese.A.存活B.生长C.枯萎54.Which of the following is NOT true?A. The neighbors had different jobs.B. The teachers plants were still good after a storm.C. The businessman looked after his plants worse than the teacher.55.Which is the best title for this article?A.A businessman and his plantsB. Different treat, different resultsC.A retired teacher and his plants题材记叙文话题人与自然词数222【主旨大意】本文是一篇两个邻居种花的故事。不同人对待花的态度不同，在暴风雨之后，花呈现的状态不一样。51: C. 【解析】细节理解题。由首段“The retired teacher seldom watered his plants and didnt pay a lot of attention to them.”可知退休教师paid little attention。故选C52 A. 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句“the businessmans plants were much bigger and greener.”中得出植物长得比退休老师的长得好。故选A53 A. 【解析】词义猜测题。联系前文，采用代入中文排除法，将选项代入“That is why my plants survived.” 只有A项才符合文意。54 C. 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“But his neighbor was very careful with his plants and watered them often.”可知，商人照顾花比退休老师好。 故选C55 B. 【解析】 主旨大义题。从全文来看，文章谈到不同人对待花的态