高中英语 unit 2情态动词课件 牛津版必修4.ppt

2 howmanyyearscanamountainexistbeforeit swashedtothesea yes howmanyyearscansomepeopleexistbeforethey reallowedtobefree yes howmanytimescanamanturnhishead pretendinghejustdoesn tsee theanswer myfriend isblowinginthewind theanswerisblowinginthewind blowinginthewind 3 howmanytimesmustamanlookupbeforehecanseethesky yes howmanyearsmustonemanhavebeforehecanhearpeoplecry yes howmanydeathswillittaketillheknowsthattoomanypeoplehavedied theanswer myfriend isblowinginthewind theanswerisblowinginthewind 1howmanyroadsmustamanwalkdownbeforeyoucallhimaman howmanyseasmustawhitedovesailbeforeshesleepsinthesand yes howmanytimesmustthecannonballsflybeforethey reforeverbanned theanswer myfriend isblowinginthewind theanswerisblowinginthewind grammar modalverbs self study cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughtto havetodare daren t need needn t usedto modalverbs 1 howmanymodalverbsdoyouknow 只作情态动词的可情态可实义的可情态可助动词的相当于情态动词的 can could may might oughtto must need dare dared shall should will would haveto usedto 2 what sthedefinitionofmodalverbs 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义 表示说话人的情绪 态度或语气的动词 但不能单独作谓语 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语 3 whatarethefunctionsofmodalverbs 1 totalkabout 2 totalkabout 3 totalkabout 4 totalkabout ability obligation certainty permission 5 tomake 6 tomake 7 tomake 8 togive requests suggestions offers advice 2 readpartaonpage31 andthencompletethepassage answers 1 can 2 dare 3 can could 4 may might could 5 mustn t shouldn t can t 6 mustn t shouldn t can t 7 can 8 needn t group study 1 talkaboutability can could和beableto的用法 shecan beabletosingthesonginenglish thismachinecanmakeyoufeelcomfortable 1 can beableto都可表示 能力 can的主语是人或物 beableto的主语是人 we llbeabletofinishtheworksoon ihaven tbeenabletoseethefilm 2 can只用于现在时和过去时 could beableto可以用于各种时态 3 could用于表示泛指过去的能力 如 icouldreadwheniwasfour 4 表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时 只能用was wereableto 不能用could he fleeeuropebeforethewarbrokeout note wasableto 2 totalkaboutobligation oughtto shouldhavetomust haveto能用于各种时态 且有人称和数的变化 oughtto的否定式为oughtnotto oughtn tto 强 should oughtto should oughtto含义相近 都可表 责任 义务 常可互换 区别在于 oughtto常指特殊情况下的 应当 should则指一般情况 yououghttohelphimbecauseheisintroublenow 语气强 有命令意味 youshouldhavearestafterfinishingyoursports 一般性建议 yououghttocallthepolicewhenyoufindsomethingwronginyourhouse heshouldtakecareofthebabiestonight 情态动词should一般不应被认为是情态动词shall的过去式 主要用法有 1 用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿 但语气较委婉温和 如 whatshouldwedonow 我们现在该怎么办 2 表示应该 必须 常与must换用 例如 weshould must masteraforeignlanguageatleast 3 用于虚拟语气 itissuggestedthathe should besentthereatonce itisstrangethatheshouldsayso i msurprisedthatheshouldeatsolittleevery must表主观意志 而haveto表由于客观因素不得不做完成的事情 must没有过去式 除在间接引语中可表示过去的时间 在直接引语中表示过去的时间用hadto代替 itoldherthatshemustgiveupsmoking 比较must haveto it sgettinglate ihavetoleavenow 客观需要 3 totalkaboutuncertainty mightmayshouldoughttowillmust 强 2 情态动词的重要用法 肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测 must 对将来对现在对过去 情态动词 may might can t couldn t can could v v havedone常见mustbe bedoing v v havedone bedoing可以用not表示 可能不 v v havedone bedoing v v havedone bedoing 1 idon tknowwheresheis she beinwuhan 2 atthismoment ourteacher ourexampapers 这时 我们老师想必在批改试卷 3 theroadiswet it lastnight rain 4 yourmother foryou 你妈妈一定一直在找你 may mustbemarking musthaverained musthavebeenlooking 5 philip seriouslyinthecaraccident 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤 6 lindahasgonetowork butherbicycleisstillhere she go bybus 7 mike hiscar forhecametoworkbybusthismorning 迈克一定还没有找回他的车 因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的 may might havebeenhurt may might havegone can thavefound 高考考题 1 ithoughtyou likesomethingtoread soihavebroughtyousomebooks a mayb mightc wouldd must2 whereismypen i it a mightloseb wouldhavelostc shouldhavelostd musthavelost3 ididn thearthephone i asleepa mustbeb musthavebeenc shouldbed shouldhavebeen b d b 4 therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell it acomfortablejourneya can tbeb shouldn tbec mustn thavebeend couldn thavebeen5 it snearlyseveno clock jack behereatanymoment a mustb needc shouldd could d d may might can could might could比较委婉 一般多用于疑问句 can may表达的语言比较随便 在以could might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时 回答应相应使用can may 4 totalkaboutpermission 四 熟悉情态动词委婉用法 could would might等情态动词均有委婉用法 它们不是过去式而是表示语气委婉 客气 礼貌 常用与疑问句 并多用于习惯表达 如wouldyouplease wouldyoumind wouldyouliketo等 might还可以用于肯定句表示推测 表示可能性小 might和could表示征求对方意见时 回答必须还成may can 例1 couldiborrowyourdictionary yes ofcourseyou a mightb willc cand should 析 选c 该句用can的委婉表达式could来征求对方意见 could和might通用 但回答时必须还成can或may 因此该题不选a 例2 youmindmysmokinghere a shouldbcouldc mightd would 析 选d 征求对方意见我是否在这儿吸烟 语气理应委婉 所以应选委婉的表达方式wouldyoumind 来征求对方意见 willcancouldwould 5 tomakerequests 6 tomakesuggestions shallwedosomeexercisethismorning 7 tomakeoffers 8 togiveadvice shalligetaticketforyou youshouldnot oughtnottoeatalotbeforeswimming b a c notice 1 可兼做行为动词的情态动词 need dare 情态动词 动词原形 行为动词 need dare 1 无人称和数的变化 2 尤其用于 否定句及疑问句中 在if whether之后 或与hardly never noone nobody连用 3 常以needn t和daren t的形式出现 4 dare有其过去时dared 多用于肯定句 needtododaretodoneedtobedoneneeddoing 1 判断正误 howdareyousaysuchathing howdareyoutosaysuchathing hedaren ttospeakenglishbeforesuchacrowd didhe hedaren tspeakenglishbeforesuchacrowd darehe exercises nobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully note 对need问句的回答 needifinishtheworktoday yes no no youmust youneedn t youdon thaveto needn t对其它情态动词的回答 shallitelljohnaboutit no you mustwedoitnow no you needn t don thaveto needn t don thaveto 2 情态动词 shall will的多种意义 shall可表示必须 允诺 命令 警告或征询意见 均可表示将来 过去时为should would 1 shallwe he sheturnontheprojecttoday 2 youshallgetwhatyouwantifyoucomehere 3 heshallgofirst whetherhewantsofnot 4 thefineshallbepaidincash 5 ifyoudon tbehaveyourself youshallbepunished 许诺 征求建议 命令 强制 威胁 will可表示意愿 决心或决定 常出现的动作 在疑问句中表示请求和建议 ifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes wewilltrythenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror will wouldyoupleaseturndownthetv wheneverhemeetsme hewillcomeoverandsayhellotome fishwilldiewithoutwater 意愿 请求 习惯性动作 必然性 1 he bepunishedifhedisobeys 如果他不服从 就要受到惩罚 2 wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou onlyletmespeak 只要你让我说话 我们根本就不会吵架 3 sir hegoorstay lethimgo a willb shallc mightd could shall will b 4 thedoor open 这门经常打不开 5 ronald stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast a couldb mightc shouldd would6 you havethebookafterireadit 我看完以后一定把这本书给你 won t d shall 3 表示否定的情态动词的用法 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一 mustn t不准 禁止needn t没必要 don thaveto can t不能 不可能maynot不可以 可能不shouldn t不应该 oughtnotto 1 you returnthebooknow youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike a can tb mustn tc needn td maynot2 johnny you playwiththeknife you hurtyourself a won t can tb mustn t mayc shouldn t mustd can t shouldn t c b 3 willyoustayforlunch sorry mybrotheriscomingtoseeme a imustn tb ican tc ineedn td iwon t4 mayipickaflowerinthegarden a no youneedn tb not please c no youmustn td no youwon t b c 4 must表推测时的反义疑问句 hemustbeintheclassroom isn the hemustlikedogs doesn the hemusthavewateredtheflowers hasn the hemusthavewateredtheflowerslastnight didn the 一 must表示推测 其疑问部分必须与must后面的主要动词相呼应 二 a 句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语 这时疑问部分中的动词就用现在完成时b 陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语 疑问部分的动词就用一般过去时 conclusion 5 情态动词 havedone 有哪些 2 分类 a 表推测 b 表本来可以 shouldhavedone oughttohavedoneneedhavedone wouldhavedonemight mayhavedone musthavedonecouldhavedone 1 sorryi mlate i haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain 2000北京春季 a mightb shouldc cand will a 2 iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou you homewithoutaword 01全国 a mustn tleaveb shouldn thaveleftc couldn thaveleftd needn tleave b 3 i lltellmaryabouthernewjobtomorrow you herlastweek 04福建 a oughttotellb wouldhavetoldc musttelld shouldhavetold d 4 tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage oh he havebeenaverysmartboythen 04全国iv a couldb shouldc mightd must d 6 would与usedto的区别 would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向 总是 总要 usedto表过去常常 现在已没有这种习惯 过去常常 usedto可于状态动词连用would不可以eg heusedtobeaquietboy hewouldbeaquietboy 3 readpartbonpage31 andthencompletethepassage answers 1 shall 2 shall 3 will 4 will shall 5 will 6 will shall 7 shall will saysomethingtoencouragethestudentsinwenchuanusingsomemodalverbs atlea