高中英语：模块8的语法课件人教版选修8.ppt

grammar nounclauses名词性从句 grammar nounclause functionsasanouninasentence question whatisthefunctionofanouninasentence 名词在句中可以充当什么成分 nounclauses subjectiveclause主语从句 objectiveclause宾语从句 predicativeclause表语从句 appositiveclause同位语从句 一 四种名词性从句1 主语从句 在复合句中作主语的从句 动词前面的从句 hisstoryisinteresting whathesaidisinteresting 2 宾语从句 在复合句中 作动词 介词 形容词后宾语的从句 动词 介词后面 iheardhisstory iheardwhathesaid yoursuccessdependsonwhatyoudo i mglad pleasedthatyoucanhelpme 很容易遗忘的宾语从句 whatkindofclausesarethey 看从句放在什么词后面 whatthedriveroftheyellowcardidmademeextremelyangry whyshedidthisisstillunknown it shardtoforgetwhatwehavelearnedinhisclasses pleasedon ttellmymotherwheni llgivehermygift 3 表语从句 在复合句中 作连系动词be look prove remain seem 和asif等后的表语的从句 连系动词后面 thisishisstory thisiswhathesaid 4 同位语从句 theideaofgoingthereisgood theideathatwegothereisgood 在复合句中解释某一名词 fact news hope desire suggestion promise truth thought idea 的内容的从句 常用that引导 名词后面 1 whatitwastobecomewasamystery 2 idon tknowwhowillhelphenrytowinthebet 3 histroubleisthathedoesn tknowanybodyinlondon 4 thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 whatkindofclausesarethey 二 名词性从句引导词 1 连词that whether if 只起连接作用 不充当从句的任何成分 2 连接代词 whowhomwhosewhichwhatwhateverwhoeverwhomeverwhichever 不仅起到连接一个句子的作用 同时也充当成分 3 连接副词 when where how why whenever wherever ex idrovetozhuhaifortheairshowlastweek isthat youhadafewdaysoff nmet1999 a whyb whenc whatd where 1 名词性从句的连接词的选择 根据句意选择连接词 三 名词性从句考点 1 thisis shewasborn a whereb whichc thatd what2 thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday a thatb whatc whichd when3 parentsaretaughttounderstand importanteducationistotheirchildren sfuture a thatb howc suchd so 解题技巧 根据句意选择连接词 1 that what that 引导四种名词性从句 在从句中不充当成分 只起连接作用 what 引导主 宾 表语从句 在从句中充当主 宾 表语成分 还起连接作用 什么 东西 事情 ex madetheschoolproudwas morethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversitiesa what becauseb what thatc that whatd that because what引导主语从句时一般看作单数 但是也有当做复数的时候 如whatweneedaresomebooks 1 tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom a that thatyouhadexpectedb what thatyouhadexpectedc that whatyouhadexpectedd what whatyouhadexpected2 surprisedmemostwas a that thatshespokejapanesesowellb what howcouldshespeakjapanesesowellc what thatshespokejapanesesowelld that whyshecouldspeakjapanesesowell 2 that省略 引导主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 it作形式宾语的宾语从句及并列宾语从句的第二个宾语从句中的that都不能省略 总之 只有在第一个宾语从句中才存在着省略的现象 改错 1 heisfamousforpoemsisknowntoall 2 hetoldmethathisfatherhaddiedandhehadtomakealivingalone 3 thereasonisheiscareless 在he前加that 在and后that is后加that 1 is0nebeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger moreprosperouseconomy 浙江卷 a asb whatc thisd it 2 wethought strangethattomdidnotcomeyesterday a thatb itc thisd what 3 it作形式主语和形式宾语 it的用作形式主语的主要句型 it spossible important necessary clear that 很可能 重要的是 必要的是 很清楚 it ssaid reported that 据说 据报道 it sbeenannounced declaredthat 已经通知 宣布 itseems appears happens that 似乎 碰巧 it snowonderthat 难怪 it sapity afact acommonknowledge 众所周知 acommonsayingthat 俗话说 it作形式主语和形式宾语的句型 当主语从句放在句尾用形式主语时 形式主语只能用it 不能用this that 动词 it 形容词或惯用语 that从句 makeitarulethatmakeitclear tosb that 4 whether ifwhether能引导所有名词性从句 而且能跟ornot连用 而if只能引导动词后面的宾语从句 不能跟ornot连用 1 youhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesn t tmatter ifb whetherc whatd when2 shetookitforgranted i dbebackhomeanhourago thatb whetherc ifd when 5 wh ever与nomatterwh 用法区别 wh ever即可引导名词性从句 又可引导让步状语从句 nomatterwh 只能引导让步状语从句 whatever anythingthatwhoever anyonewho whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished whateveryoudo youmustdoitwell ex davidsayssoundrighttohelen that swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavehim happens a whatever whateverb nomatterwhat whateverc nomatterwhat nomatterwhatd whatever however 6 who和whoeverwhoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished whowillgotherehasnotbeendecided who引导的名词性从句指的是一见事情 whoever引导的从句则表示 任何 的人 7 asif though because why也可以引导表语从句 但是注意 because引导的表语从句主语不能是reason或者cause itlooksasifitisgoingtorain thatisbecausehedidnotworkhardenough thatwaswhyiaskedforthreedays leave 2 名词性从句的语序 陈述语序 不可用疑问语序 1 ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward anditdoesn tmatter thati mtalkingto 2004年广东省卷 a whoisitb whoitisc itiswhod itiswhom2 haveyouseenhenrylately mybosswantstoknow a howheisgettingalongb howishegettingalongc whatheisgettingalongd whatishegettingalong3 heaskedme withme a whatisthetroubleb whatwrongwasc whatwasthematterd whattroubleitis 3 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1 同位语从句 解释某一名词内容的从句 从句没有成分残缺 常用that引导 不可省略 无意义 n fact idea news word information hope suggestionadvicerequest demand order weexpressedthehope sichuanpeoplewouldsurvivethedisaster note 如果名词是advice suggestion order that should do 2 定语从句 修饰限制名词或代词的从句 从句有成分残缺 that有意义 充当主 宾 表 充当宾语时可省略 weexpressedthehope allthepeopleinourcountryexpressed that which that practice 同位语从句与定语从句 1 theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 2 theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue 3 informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedtouniversities whileb thatc whend which4 thenews weheardontheradiowasnottrue thenews ourfootballteamwonthematchwasencouraging a whatb thatc whend when 同 定 b b 定语从句 同位语从句 考题点击 theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock a finishedb befinishedc shouldfinishd finish2 whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce a musthaveb hadc haved hadhad b c 4 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 3 hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable a tryb triesc musttryd cantry a 4 isitnecessarythathe theexamination a takesb hastotakec musttaked take5 itisstrangethathe youthis a wouldtellb shouldtellc hadtoldd hastold d b 建议 愿望 命令等词后的宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句demand n v require requirement request n v order n v insist suggest suggestion propose proposal advise advice 及以下主语从句都用虚拟语气 should doitissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doitisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative itisapity ashame nowonder 三 名词性从句解题技巧 1 分析句子含义 选择合适的连接词 2 分清句子成分是否完整 考虑that或what if或whether 3 正确理解what 的东西 where 的地方 why 原因 when 的时候 等引导的表语从句的含义 mattersmostinlearningenglishisenoughpractice nmet2007 a whatb whyc whered which practicemakesperfect 1 makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices 辽宁卷 a whatb whoc whateverd whatever2 is0nebeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewiiileadtoastronger moreprosperouseconomy 浙江卷 a asb whatc thisd it3 wehaven tsettledthequestionof itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad 江苏卷 a ifb wherec whetherd that4 ijustwonder thatmakeshimsoexcited 山东卷 awhyitdoesb whathedoesc howitisd whatitis 5 thereismuchchance billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace 天津卷 a thatb whichc untild if6 一couldyoudomeafavor 一itdependson itis 北京卷 a whichb whicheverc whatd whatever7 seetheflagonthetopofthebuilding thatis wedidthismorning 全国卷i awhenb whichc whered what8 一it sthirtyyearssincewelastmet 一butistillrememberthestory believeitornot wegotlostonarainynight 四川卷 awhichb thatc whatd when 9 itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants a howeverb whateverc whicheverd whenever10 heaskedme withme a whatisthetroubleb whatwrongwasc whatwasthematterd whattroubleitis11 tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom a that thatyouhadexpectedb what thatyouhadexpectedc that whatyouhadexpectedd what whatyouhadexpected12 surprisedmemostwas a that thatshespokejapanesesowellb what howcouldshespeakjapanesesowellc what thatshespokejapanesesowelld that whyshecouldspeakjapanesesowell 13 youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis idisagree a whyb wherec whatd how 14 itisprettywellunderstood controlstheflowo