青海省青海师大附属第二中学九年级英语《主谓一致》课件 人教新目标版.ppt

主谓一致 grammer agreement 主语不同 谓语动词的形式就会不同 谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化 这就是我们所说的主谓一致 主谓一致需遵循以下三条原则 语法一致原则 意义一致原则 就近一致原则 1 语法形式上要一致 即单复数形式与谓语要一致 一般来说 不可数名词 可数名词单数用动词单数 可数名词复数用动词复数 2 意义上要一致 即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致 3 就近原则 即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语 单数名词 物质名词 抽象名词 专有名词谓语动词用单数形式 thebookisofgreatvalue thefoodhasgonebad socialismisbelievedtobeverygoodinthatcountry thestatesisadevelopedcountry physicsisnoteasytolearn hetoldme 语法一致 2 不定式 动名词 从句做主语 谓语动词用单数形式 what引导的主语从句做主语时 要根据表语 toseeistobelieve itisnecessarytoreadalot losingthebookwaswhatmadeherverysad itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk whatyou vesaidisquiteright whattheyneedarepeopletohelpthem whatineedisonebook whilewhatheneedsaretwobooks 3 不定代词somebody someone anyone anybody everyone everybody noone nobody something anything everything nothing作主语 谓语动词用单数形式 hardlyanyoneknowsthesecret almostnoonewantstobefriendswithhim everythingisoknow let sbegin everybodyknowsthattaiwanispartofchina nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit 4 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 and或both and bothreadingandwritingareveryimportant whenwewilldothatandhowweshoulddothathavenotbeendecidedyet tosaysomethingandtodoitarequitedifferentthings 注意 当主语由and连结时 如果它表示一个单一的概念 即指同一人或同一物时 谓语动词用单数 theteacherandmusicianiscomingheretomorrow whenandhowweshoulddothathasn tbeendiscussed togotobedearlyandtogetupearlyisagoodhabit toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness 请比较 ateacherandastudentarecoming ateacherandpoetiscoming aboyandagirlarecoming afatherandsonarerunningthere amotheranddaughterarewashingclothes whereismywatchandchain waterandfiredon tagree breadandbutterismyfavouritefood 试比较 earlytogotobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthyandwise 2 whenandwheretoholdthesportsmeetingisnotdecidedyet 3 whentoholdthesportsmeetingandhowtoorganizeitarenotdecidedyet 4 huntingandfishingareverygoodsports 5 whathesaysandwhathedoesdon tagree warandpeaceisstillasubjectpeopleoftentalkabout breadandbutteriswhattheyusuallyhaveforbreakfast 5 在each andeach every andevery no andno 之后 谓语动词用单数形式 eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenapresent everyflowerandeverytreeistobecutdown noteacherandnostudentispermittedtogetin aknifeandforkisonthetable 6 当主语有with alongwith togetherwith like except but including besides ratherthan aswellas inadditionto等词组成的短语时 谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致 theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory he aswellasi wantstogoboating allthestudentsbuttomwerewaitingtherepatiently theheadmaster ratherthantheteachers wasveryworriedaboutthat manypeople likemr wang werelivingahardlife eastofthecityaretwofactories intheroomwassittingagirl 如果句子是主从复合句 主句是一般将来时 则从句是一般现在时 1 集体名词作主语时 谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定 如army class enemy family government group team等词后 谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员 用单数时强调该集体的整体 thefamilyisverybig thefamilyarediscussingwheretogoforaholiday 但集合名词people police cattle 等只用复数形式 thepolicearelookingintothematter cattlefeedongrass 意义一致 2 none和neither作主语时 谓语动词常用单数形式 也可用复数形式 若noneof后面的词为不可数名词 则谓语动词为单数形式 neitherofthemis aregoingtohelpher noneofthegirlslikes liketheschoolclothes noneofthemoneyismine neither作定语 后跟单数名词 谓语动词用单数形式 neitherbookisofmuchvalue 3 代词some rest more most enough all等表 集体 和 部分 的词作主语时 谓语动词的单复数由所指代的名词的单复数决定 someofthemwereangry someoftheclothwasstolen therestoftheclassareboys mostofthemdon tagree mostoftheworkhasbeenfinished therestoftheworkishardtodo alliswellthatendswell alliwantisyouradvice allthattheyneedarebooks moreofthematerialiswanted moreofthechairsaregoingtobesentthere 4 a large small numberof thenumberof booksofthiskind thiskindofbook s 等中心词不一样 谓语动词也不一样 anumberofpeoplearegoingtobepunished thenumberoflaid offworkersiscomingdown thiskindofbook s ishardtofind booksofthiskindareofgreatvalue 5 halfof alarge smallquantityof alarge smallamountof alotof lotsof plentyof等引起主语时 谓语动词通常与of后面的名词 代词保持一致 halfoftheapplehasgonebad alargequantityofwaterisneeded asmallquantityofpotatoeshavebeensold large smallquantitiesof及large smallamountsof作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 largequantitiesofwaterhavebeenpolluted 注意 1 eachof 复数代词 谓语动用单数 复数代词 each 谓语动词用复数 2 all做主语表示人时 谓动用复数 若表物 谓动则用单数 比较 allisgoingonwell allbutlimingarehere 6 morethanone n manya n oneandahalf n a an andahalf a an ortwo 所修饰的短语作主语时 谓语动词多用单数形式 manyapersonhasreadthenovel morethanonestudentisagainsttheplan 7 分数 百分数作主语 根据其后的名词定谓语形式 morethan60percentofthestudentsarefromthecity twothirdsoftheworkhasbeenfinished 8 oneof 其后有定语从句时 定语从句的谓语动词形式取决于one有没有修饰语 hewasoneoftheteacherswhowereinvitedtothemeeting hewastheonlyoneoftheteacherswhowasinvitedtothemeeting 但是强调它们的个体时要用复数 threeyearshavepassedbeforeaqiaoknewit fiveyardsofclothhavebeenmeasuredforhim 9 表示金钱 时间 距离 长度 体积 面积 重量 价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时 通常把这些名词看作一个整体 谓语一般用单数 threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations tendollarsisenough 名词的总称谓语一般用单数 jewelry clothing furniture apieceofjewelry或ajewelapieceofclothing或anarticleofclothingapieceoffurniture 10 no后可跟单数或复数名词 动词取决于其后的名词 noteachersarewillingtodothat nomagazineisallowedtobetakenoutofthereading room 11 在四则运算中 谓语动词常用单数 也可用复数 twoandtwois arefour threeplusthreeis aresix fiveminustwois arethree fivetimesfiveis aretwentyfive twentydividedbyfouris arefive 12 定冠词加形容词表一类人作主语 谓语动词常用数 theyoungsometimesthinkdifferentlyfromtheold thericharebecomingricherandthepoorarebecomingpoorer 13 定冠词加形容词表一类事物作主语 谓语动词常用单数 theimpossibleisoftentheuntried 如指具体的一个人则用单数 thewoundedwastakentothehospital thebeautifulconqueristheugly theold thepoor thesick theblind thedeaf themad thewounded theexploited 1 当there herebe句型的主语是一系列事物时 谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致 thereisapen aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk hereisthebookyouwant therearetwentyboy studentsintheclass herearethequestionstheyasked 就近原则 2 当notonly butalso not but or either or neither nor whether or notonly butalso aswell连接两个主语时 谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致 在疑问句中 与前面的一致 iseitherheoryouateacher 1 eithertheboyorthegirlisincanada 2 ithasn tbeendecidedwhetherheoriamgoingabroad 以 s结尾的名词或词组作主语 表示学科名称的词如physics maths economics politics等 复数形式的国家名称 城市名称 疾病名称 游戏名词以及报纸 书名或其他机构名称作主语 谓语用单数形式 theunitednationswasfirstfoundedin1945 thenetherlandsisacountryinwesteuropeonthenorthsea thenewyorktimesispublisheddaily politicsisoftenatopicfordiscussionamongus everymeanshasbeentried works thepaperworksisintheeastofthecity news thenewsisexciting 以 s结尾的群岛 海峡 山脉 瀑布等作主语 谓语动词通常用复数 thewestindiansarealargegroupofislandslyingbetweennorthamericaandsouthamerica thephilippinslietothesoutheastofchina 只有复数形式的名词 以及表示成套或双的名词 在没有量词的同时 谓语用复数myglasseswerebroken soican tseewell mytrousersarewhiteandhisclothesareblack 1 thepolice2 cattle3 people4 theyouth5 clothes6 trousers7 glasses8 shoes9 socks stockings10 scissors11 gloves12 compasses 注 若这类名词由pair suit piece series kind of修饰时 谓语动词根据量词单复数而定 apairofshoesisnotenoughforuseinmountainclimbing twopairsoftrousersaremissing thesekindsofglassesarepopularthissummer e g aheadofcattle acow abull anoxtwoheadofcattle twocows twobulls twooxen 百分数 分数 of 名词 结构后谓语的单复数形式由名词决定 thirtypercentoftheliquorisalcohol tenpercentoftheapplesarebad three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea one fourthofthestudentswearglasses 代词一致 1 不定代词somebody someone anyone anybody everyone everybody noone nobody作主语 其相应的代词常用he him himself 在非正式英语中 可用they them themselves 有时也用he she的相应形式 everybodylookedafterhimself themselves 2 something anything everything nothing作主语 代词用it everythingisready isn tit 3 each作主语指人 代词用he him等 指物时 用it eachofusisresponsibleforhisownfamily 4 当代词的所指对象为列结构时 根据所指 用相应的代词形式 shelikesbreadandbutter butitisnothealthyfood 主谓一致常考难题 fiveminutes enoughtodothisexercise moremembersthanone againstyourplan morethanonestudent seenthefilm eachboyandeachgirl toservethepeopleinfuture manyaship beendamagedinthestorm is are has wants has what smadeyousoupset lose theticketsfortheconcert 2 it snouse regret thepastmistakes 3 thefarmer s take pityonthesnakeledtohisdeath 4 ittakestime know aman 5 whenandwhere build thefactoryisnotdecidedyet 6 theoldmanaswellastheirchildren like swimming losing regretting taking toknow tobuild likes 1 eitherthegirlsortheboy incanada is are 2 noneofthem arrivedattheoffice has have 3 theteacherwithtwostudents atthemeeting was were 4 tenandfour fourteen is are 5 there threechairs adeskandacomputerintheroom is are 6 ourteam goingtoplayamatchonsaturday is are is has have was is are is practice 7 nothing readywhenthepartybegan was were 8 thesingeranddancer speaking is are 9 bothheandi goodstudents am is are 10 thepolice searchingtheroom is are 11 theteacheraswellasthedoctors attentiontothestudent pays pay 12 ithinksomeone forgottentopayforthedrink has have was is are are pays has choosethebestanswers 1 onthewall twolargeportraits a hangsb hangc hangedd hanging2 weknow1000000 alotofmoney a dollarisb dollarsisc dollarared dollarsare b b 3 nobodybutroseandi interestedinthemeeting a amb arec isd were4 eightypercentofthepopulationinthecity workers a areb isc beingd hasbeen c a 5 asaresultofdestroyingtheforest alarge ofdesert coveredtheland a number hasb quantity hasc number haved quantity have6 whathesaysandwhathedoes a isnotagreedb arenotagreedc doesn tagreed don tagree b d 7 theold goodcareofinourcountrytoday a istakenb aretakenc havetakend hastaken8 theknifeandfork fourpounds a isworthyb areworthyc isworthd areworth b c 9 tostudyenglish hardwork a don tmeanb meannotc doesn tmeand notmean10 allbutone herejustnow a isb wasc hasbeend were c d awomanwithababy cominghere a isb are2 thegirlaswellastheboys learnedtodriveacar a hasb have3 tofinishthework hardwork a needsb need4 ayearandahalf alreadypassed a hasb have5 hisfamily watchingtv a isb are6 mostofthecars madeinshanghai a isb are a a a b b a 7 mostoftheearth coveredwithwater a isb are8 nowanumberofyoungmen verywell a cooksb cook9 thosewho togotonanjingpleasegetonthetrain a wantsb want10 here afish somebreadandsoupforyou a isb are a b b a 关于主谓一致的高考题 1 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother a isb arec amd be2 alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered3 whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet a isnotdecidedb arenotdecidedc hasnotdecidedd havenotdecided4 thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons a were wasb was wasc was wered were were5 e mail aswellastelephones animportantpartindailycommunication a isplayingb haveplayedc areplayingd play6 ofthelandinthatdistrict coveredwithtreesandgrass a twofifth isb twofifth arec twofifths isd twofifths are 7 nobodybutbettyandmary lateforclassyesterday a wasb werec hasbeend havebeen8 awomanwithsomechildren soon a iscomingb arecomingc hascomed havecome9 nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis a knowb knowsc isknownd areknown10 theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready a hasreadb havereadc arereadingd isreading11 allbutone intheaccident a waskilledb werekilledc willbekilledd arekilled 12 oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity a isb arec amd be13 neithermywifenorimyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind a isb arec amd be14 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother a isb arec amd be15 nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm a isb arec amd be 09湖南 4 eitheryouoroneofyourstudents toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow a areb isc haved be 09四川 15 theteachertogetherwiththestudents discussingreadingskillsthat newlypublishedinamerica are wereb is werec are wasd is was 主谓一致精练与解析 1 morethanonepersonhere withthedisease a hasbeeninfectedb havebeeninfectedc hasbeeninfectingd havebeeninfecting 由morethanone修饰单数名词作主语时 谓语动词要用单数 又如 morethanonemanwasinjuredintheaccident morethanonehousehasbeenrepaired 2 oneorperhapsmorepages missing a isb arec hasbeend havebeen 由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时 谓语动词应与靠近它的主语一致 又如 areyouorhetodrive wassheoryouthere 3 anexpert togetherwithsomeassistants tohelpinthiswork a wassentb weresentc issendingd aresending 由with togetherwith alongwith ratherthan nolessthan but besides except等连接两个名词或代词作主语时 谓语动词应与前一个相一致 又如 nobodybutjohnandhelenwasabsent i ratherthanyou amresponsiblefortheaccident 4 thepolice theblackinwinter a wearsb wearc putond putson 英语中 一些表示总称意义的名词 如 police people cattle等作主语时 谓语动词要用复数形式 又如 somepeoplespendalotofmoneyonclothes cattleareraisedeverywherebythefarmers 5 thenumberofstudentsthatyouhavemet thelifeoftheteam a areb isc wered be thenumberof 复数名词作主语时 谓语用单数 anumberof 复数名词作主语时 谓语用复数 又如 thenumberofcarsisincreasinginbeijing anumberofbookshavebeenpublishedonthissubject 6 togetupearlyandtogotosleepearly goodforyourhealth a isb arec wasd were 由and连接两个名词 包括两个不定式 两个动名词作主语 若指同一件事或一个概念事 谓语动词用单数形式 又如 whethertogoonorreturnisnotknown timeandtidewaitsfornoman 7 morestudentsthanone a werepunishedb ispunishedc waspunishedd willpunish more 复数名词 thanone 和morethanone 单数名词的意义相同 均表示 不只一个 但前者用作复数 后者用作单数 又如 morestudentsthanonewerepunished morethanonestudentwaspunished 8 whattheyneed morepeople a isb arec hasd have 名词从句作主语时 通常表示单数概念 谓语动词常用单数 但所指内容是复数意义时 谓语动词用复数 本句从表语morepeople可以得知主语whatweneed指复数内容 又如 whatweneedismoretime whatheneedsarebooks whathesaysandwhathedoesdonotagree 历届高考英语单项选择题精选 二 主谓一致1 nobodybutjane thesecret 86 a knowb knowsc haveknownd isknown2 allbutone herejustnow 87 a isb wasc hasbeend were3 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother 89 a isb arec amd be4 alibrarywithfivethousndbooks tothenationasagift 90 a isofferedb haveofferedc areofferedd hasoffered5 whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet a isnotdecidedb arenotdecidedc hasnotdecidedd havenotdecided6 thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons 96 a were wasb was wasc was wered were were7 ofthelandinthatdistrict coveredwithtreesandgrass 2000 a twofifth isb twofifth arec twofifths isd twofifths are 8 thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthat asked a haveb hasc havebeend hasbeen9 betweenthentworowsoftrees theteachingbuilding a standb standsc standingd are10 allthatcanbedone a hasbeendoneb hasdonec havedoned weredone11 theyeach anewdictionary a hasb havec isd are12 thesingerandthedancer cometothemeeting a hasb havec ared is13 ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook therest moredifficult a isb arec wasd were14 thewounded bythehospital a havebeentakeninb hasbeentakeninc havetakenind hastakenin findthewrongwordsandcorrectthem 1 therearesomewaterandanappleonthedesk 2 eitherhermotherorherfathercallforhereveryday 3 areneithershenoryouastudent 4 notonlyyoubutalsoheareintrouble 5 nothissonbuthehaveacar 6 areheorsheafraidtogooutatnight is calls is is has is thinkitover anddoit 1 threehours be ashorttime 2 tenpounds be notsoheavy 3 9999 be alargenumber 4 tosee be tobelieve 5 whetherwegoornot depend ontheweather 6 time be money 7 thewriterandtheteacher be coming 8 thewriterandteacher be coming 9 manyaperson have hadthatkindofexperience is is is is depends is are is has choosetherightanswers 1 twentyyears passed aarebischavedhas2 manyastudent madethesamemistake ahasbhavecisdare3 eitheryouori right aisbamcaredwere4 theold takengoodcareofinthiscountry aambiscaredwas5 hisfamily verybig hisfamily fondofmusic aare isbis arecis isdare are6 theteacherwithtwostudents intotheroom agobgoeschavegonedgoing b a b c b b filltheblankswiththerightforms 1 australia be anextremelyrichcountry 2 what be advertisementsmade 3 ifanybody call tellhimi llbebacklater 4 something be wrongwithyourwatch 5 heaswellasi be afootballfan 6 nobodybuttomandkate be thereyesterday 7 ifhe come tomorrow iwon tgothere 8 theteacherwithhisstudents have ameeting is are calls is is was comes ishaving filltheblanks 1 theusa be adevelopedcountry 2 mrsmith hate togetupearlyinthemorning 3 therich have muchmoney 4 thisworks be builtin2000 5 physics be myfavouritesubject 6 hisfriend sbooksarenew buthis be old 7 be thereanypolicearound 8 hisfamily be notlarge 9 there be fewpeoplepresent 10 theclass have ameetingnow 11 thepolice look forathief is hates have was is are are is are arehaving arelooking 7 hisshoes wornout thepairofshoes wornout ahave hasbhas havechas hasdhave have8 notonlyyoubutalsoshe wrong aarebamcisddo9 whenandwheretoholdthemeeting ahavenotdecidedbhasnotdecidedcisnotdecideddarenotdecided10 twothirdsofwater fromtheyellowriveraarebcomecgodcomes11 goingtobedearlyandgettingupearly agoodhabit aisbmakecbecomedare a c c d a 单选题精选 主谓一致 1 nobodybutjane thesecret a knowb knowsc haveknownd isknown2 allbutone herejustnow a isb wasc hasbeend were 3 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother a isb arec amd be 4 alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift a isofferedb haveofferedc areofferedd hasoffered 5 whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet a isnotdecidedb arenotdecidedc hasnotdecidedd havenotdecided 6 thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons a were wasb was wasc was wered were were 7 thewounded bythehospital a havebeentakeninb hasbeentakeninc havetakenind hastakenin 8 theleaguesecretaryandmonitor askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting a isb wasc ared were 9 betweenthentworowsoftrees theteachingbuilding a standb standsc standingd are 10 allthatcanbedone a hasbeendoneb hasdonec havedoned weredone 11 theyeach anewdictionary a hasb havec isd are12 thesingerandthedancer cometothemeeting a hasb havec ared is 13 ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook therest moredifficult a isb arec wasd were 14 whatthepopulationofbeijing a isb are15 thechineseagreatpeople a isb are 16 thenumberofthestudentswhopartintheentranceexaminationgreat a takes isb takes arec take isd take are 1 eachofyou responsiblefortheaccident a amb bec isd are2 eachmanandwoman thesamerights hasb havec hadd ishaving 3 everymeans triedbutwithoutmuchresult a hasbeenb havebeenc ared is 4 there inthisroom aretoomuchfurnitureb istoomanyfurnituresc aretoomuchfurnituresd istoomuchfurniture 5 themanagerorhisassistant planningtogo wereb arec wasd be 6 notonlyibutalsodavidandiris fondofplayingbasketball amb isc ared was 7 neithertomnorhisparents athome isb arec hasd was 8 eitherthedeanortheprincipal themeeting a attendsb attendc areattendingd haveattended 9 waswrong nottheteacherbutthestudentsb boththestudentsandtheteacherc neithertheteachernotthestudentsd notthestudentsbuttheteacher 10 twentydollarsabigsumtoher isupposeso willbeb isc ared were 11 threehours enoughforustofinishthetask areb hasc isd were 12 mostofhissavings inthexinhuabank hasbeenkeptb isbeingkeptc ha