高二英语 Module5 Unit1 Grammar动名词 课件.ppt

module5unit1gerund 动名词 动名词是非谓动词的一种形式 由动词原形 ing构成 它既有动词的特征 又有名词的特征 故称动名词 看看下面的句子 找找动名词 1 thehappysingingofthebirdsannouncesthecomingofspring 2 weknewtherobberwasnearwhenweheardafaintrustling 沙沙声 inthebushes 3 heiswaitingforyouatthecrossing 4 hecanseeawomanthroughtheopening 5 carelesslywritingessaysannoystheteacher 6 hedislikesbeinginterruptedinhisspeech 7 theycouldn tstandbeingtreatedlikethat 8 weregrethavingbeenunabletoinformyouofthemeeting 动名词的句法功能 1 动名词作主语 seeingisbelieving playingchessisfun it snousewaitinghere 动名词作主语 也可用it作形式主语 但只限于下面句型 1 动名词在 itisnouse nogood fun awasteoftime agoodpleasure等名词 doing 结构中作主语 it为形式主语 例如 itisnogoodwritingtohim heneveranswersletters itisnousetalkingtoomuch 2 动名词在 itisuseless nice good interesting worthwhile等形容词 doing 结构中作主语 例如 itisniceplayingchessaftersupper itisuselesssendinghimthere 3 动名词在 thereis was no doing 结构中作主语 例如 thereisnodenyingthatsheisveryefficient thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo 2 动名词作表语 动名词作表语起名词作用 表示主语的内容 这时动名词和主语的位置是可以交换的 thenurse sjobislookingafterthepatients lookingafterthepatientsisthenurse sjobfourskillsofenglishlearningarelistening speaking readingandwriting listening speaking readingandwritingarefourskillsofenglishlearning 注意 动名词和不定式都可以作主语或表语 没有太大区别 在表示经常习惯性动作多用动名词 在表示具体某次动作 特别是将来的动作时 多用不定式 theirjobisbuildinghouses ourtasknowistoincreasefoodproduction 3 动名词作定语 动名词作定语时 动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系 表示名词用途aracingcar acarthatisusedtoraceaswimmingpool apoolthatisusedtoswimin单个的动名词作定语 放在被修饰的词语前 动名词短语作定语 放在被修饰的词语后 doyouknowthepersonspeakingtoourboss theboysittingunderthetreeisreading 4 动名词作宾语 1 动名词作动词宾语 下列动词后只能接动名词 suggest finish avoid stop can thelp mind enjoy require practise miss escape pardon advise consider imagine keep appreciate escape permit ican timaginemarryingagirlofthatsort irecommendbuyingthedictionary willyouadmithavingbrokenthewindow 有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语 常这样用的动词短语有 putoff giveup lookforwardto feellike havetrouble difficulty in doingsth devoteto getusedto payattentionto befondof stickto beworth can tstand can thelp 有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语 常这样用的动词短语有 putoff giveup lookforwardto feellike havetrouble difficulty in doingsth devoteto getusedto payattentionto befondof stickto beworth can tstand can thelp heputoffmakingadecisiontillhehadmoreinformation doyoufeelliketakingawalk 2 动名词作介词宾语注意 介词后如果需要非谓语动词作宾语 只能是动名词 不可用不定式 areyougoodatplayingfootball 其他介词不易错 重点是介词to 因为不定式符号也是to 所以一定要记住有关的短语 lookforwardto devote to getusedto payattentionto stickto onone swayto 这些短语中的to都是介词 iamusedtowatchingtvintheevening we resomushlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain 动名词与不定式作宾语的区别 1 remembertodo doing记得去做 记得做过doremembertotellyourmother iremembertellingmymother 2 regrettodo doing表遗憾地 说 表后悔iregrettosay tellimustleavetomorrow iregretnothavingtoldherearlier 3 meantodo doing计划 打算做 意味着wheredoyoumeantogoinyourvacation missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour 4 trytodo doing尽力做 试着做theboytriestolearnenglishwell themanlostthekey sohetriedopeningthedoorwithanewkey 5 goontodo doing继续做一件与前面内容不同的事 继续做一件与前面内容一致的事 shewavedtomeandwentonpainting theoldmanreadapoem thenwentontotellastory 6 forgettodo doing忘了要做某事 忘了做过某事sheforgottobringthepursewithher sheforgotbringingthepursewithher 7 stoptodo doing停下来做另一件事 停止做某事afterridingabikeforanhour istoppedtowalk theytalkedloudly itoldthemtostoptalking 8 like love hatetodo doing做具体的事情 表习惯ilikereadingbutihatetoreadonsunday theboyhatesgettinguplate buthelikestogetuplatewhenheisfree 动名词的复合结构 动名词前可以加一个物主代词或名词所有格来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语 构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语doyoumindmyreadingyourpaper theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous rose sgoingwon tbeofmuchhelp 如果动名词的复合结构不是句子主语 这个结构常用名词普通格或人称代词宾格idon tmindjack him going shehatesyoungpeople them smoking 注 复合结构作主语 只能用括号中间的结构 作宾语两者均可 1 doyoumindmy meopeningthewindow 2 ourgoingthereisallowed not 动名词 代词宾格 形容词性物主代词 动名词名词 名词所有格 动名词 动名词的两个结构 theyfeltsorryfornotarrivingintime 在句首不能用us 3 jane snothavingreceivedpropertrainingwastoherdisadvantage 动名词有两种时态a 动名词的一般式 doing 通常表示一般性的动作或与谓语同时发生iamusedtowatchingtvintheevening theyareinterestedinclimbingmountains 动名词的时态 b 动名词的完成式 havingdone 动名词的动作在谓语动作之前发生常用动名词的完成式sheregretnothavingstudiedthecomputerhard hedidn tmentionhavingmetme 动名词的语态 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语是动名词动作的承受者 这个动名词一般要用被动形式1 用作句子的主语 如 hisbeingneglectedbythehostaddedtohisuneasiness 主人对他的冷漠使他更加不舒服 beingkilledbysharkswasacommonoccurrence 被鲨鱼吃掉是经常发生的事 2 用作动词宾语或介词宾语 如 hedidn tmindbeingleftathome shecouldn tbearbeingmadefunoflikethat wecongratulatedhimonhisbeingadmittedtotheparty theyinsistedontheirbeingtreatedasordinaryworkers idon trememberhavingeverbeengivenachancetotrythismethod 动名词句型 1 itisnouse nogood fun awasteoftime agoodpleasure doing 1 itisnousetalkingtoomuch 2 itisnogoodcrying 2 itisuseless nice good interesting worthwhileitisworthwhilediscussingthequestionagain 3 thereis was no doingthereisnoknowingwhathashappended 4 thereisnoneed use good harm hurry doingthereisnoharmpointingouthismistakes 5 sb spendsometime in doingsth ispentthreeweeksreadingthebook 6 beworthdoingsth thebookiswellworthreadingagain 7 want need require doing 表被动含义 1 thesickwomanneedslookingafter 8 ondoing hearing seeing returning arriving opening onhearingthenewshejumpedwithjoy 9 haveagoodtime difficulty trouble fun apleasure ahardtime in doingsth ihavesomedifficultyinfindingoutwhenthetrainleaves 10 bebusydoingsth nowthestudentsarebusypreparingtheirlessons 11 allow permit advise forbid doingwedon tallowsmokinghere headvisedsettingoffatonce 而allow permit advise forbidsb todowedon tallowyoutosmokehere headvisedustosetoffatonce 1 themaninsisted ataxiformeeventhoughitoldhimilivednearby a findb tofindc onfindingd infinding2 it snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp a tohavehadb havinghadc haved having 巩固练习 3 ireallycan tunderstand herlikethat youtreatb youtotreatc whytreatd youtreating4 hegotwell prepa