The objective clauses.ppt

Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious TheObjectClause 宾语从句 Weknowhim WeknowhelikesEnglish 主s 主s 谓v 谓v 宾o 宾o 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 简单句 复合句 一什么是宾语从句 试比较 宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句 WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright 二 宾语从句三要素 连接词 时态 语序 不同连接词引导的宾语从句 1 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 3 由连接代词who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 2 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 宾语从句连接词 1 陈述句2 一般疑问句3 特殊疑问句 that if whether 原有的连接代词和连接副词 1 Ihear that 2 Hesaid that 3 Theteachertoldus that hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmoves 由that引导的宾语从句 注 that在句中无词汇意义 在从句中不充当成分 在口语当中往往省略 aroundthesun Objectclauseswiththat We llhaveexamsnextFriday Usingsay Icanhelphim Theteachersays that we llhaveexamsnextFriday Thegirlsays that shecanhelphim 1 Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear Ibelieve Ibelieve that Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear 2 Itwasalittlecrowded Iguess Iguess that itwasalittlecrowded 3 Theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch Billthinks Billthinks that theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch 4 TheWaterFestivalisreallyfun Iknow Iknow that theWaterFestivalisreallyfun 5 MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow Ihear Ihear that MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow 6 Thefoodwasdelicious Hesays Hesays that thefoodwasdelicious 连词that不能省略的几种情况在由that引导的宾语从句中 由于连词that只起引导功能 无具体意义 不担当任何成份 因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略 然而 大凡规则总有例外的情况 在下列that引导的宾语从句中 that则不能省略 1 从句的主语是that 如 Hesaysthatthatisarealking shat 他说那是一个真的王冠 2 that从句中含有主从复合句 如 I mafraidthatifyou velostit youmustpayforit 3 主 从句之间有插入语时 如 Itsayshere onthiscard thatitwasusedinplays 卡片上写着 它是古代演戏用的 4 若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句 且由并列连词连接时 只有第一个连词that可以省略 如 Shesaid that shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson 她说她要来 还要带她的儿子来 TheseplanetwillproducefoodandoxygenthatweneedtoliveonMars ScientistswilldevelopplantsthatcangrowonMars PeoplethinkthathumansonMarshavetowearspecialbootstomakethemselvesheavier WeallknowthatMarsisaplanetinthesolarsystem ThejourneytoMarscouldtakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspaceshuttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight SomescientistsdonotbelievethatthejourneytoMarswillbeverycomfortable Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause IsJimin Hasshetakenanymedicine Usingwonder LiLeiwondersifJimisin Thedoctorwondersifshehastakensomemedicine 疑问句变宾语从句的步骤 1 把句子变为肯定句 IsJimathome Jimisathome 2 IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong JuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong 3 Doeshelikesports Helikessports 4 Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool Theywillplaybasketballafterschool 变化方法 主句 if whether 一般疑问句 if whether引导宾语从句 表示 是否 之义 在句中不充当句子成份 if whether可互换 2 在句子前加上从属连词whether if 该一般疑问句要变为陈述句形式 把下列各句变为宾语从句 IsJimathome Iwonder Iwonderwhether ifJimisathome 2 IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong Hewonders Hewonderswhether ifJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong 把下列各句变为宾语从句 3 Doeshelikesports Doyouknow Doyouknowwhetherhelikessports 4 Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool Heasks Heaskswhethertheywillplaybasketballafterschool if和whether引导宾语从句时 作 是否 讲 一般情况下 二者没有区别 可以换用 但if常用于口语中 whether比较正式 如 Millieaskedif whetherhelikedthissweater 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫 Thefishermanwantstoknowif whetheritwillrain 渔民想知道天是否会下雨 Objectclauseswithifandwhether 由if whether引导的宾语从句 if和whether引导宾语从句时 要注意宾语从句三要素 即连词 语序和时态 由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句 因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序 如 DoesMrZhaoliveinRoom208 Couldyoutellme Couldyoutellmeif whetherMrZhaolivesinRoom208 其次要注意时态变化 1 若主句是一般现在时 从句用任何所需时态 如 Hewantstoknowif whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快 2 若主句是一般过去时 从句则用跟过去相关的时态 即一般现在时变为一般过去时 现在进行时变为过去进行时 一般将来时为过去将来时 现在完成时态变为过去完成时 如 Didthetrainleave Shedidn tknow Shedidn tknowif whetherthetrainhadleft if和whether的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用 1 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时 应用whether 不用if 如 Whetherthisistrueornot Ican tsay 这是否对 我不能说 2 宾语从句与ornot直接连用时 应用whether 不能用if 如 Idon tknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow 我不知道他明天是否来 3 与动词不定式连用时 只能用whether 如 Shecan tdecidewhethertogotoAmerica 她不能决定是否去美国 4 从句作介词宾语时 只能用whether 如 IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling 我担心是否伤了她的感情 5 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时 只能用if 不能用whether 如 Tomwantstoknowifhewon tcomeheretomorrow 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿 6 if意为 假如 如果 时 可以引导条件状语从句 而whether没有这个用法 如 IfSimoncomesheretomorrow I llcallyou 假如西蒙明天来这儿 我将打电话告诉你 1 Idon tknowifMr Wang onafieldtrip Ifhe onafieldtriptomorrow pleasecallme A goes willgoB willgo goesC willgo willgoD goes goes2 SheaskedmeifIknew A whosepenwasitB whosepenitwasC whosepenitisD whosepenisit B B 3 Theywonderediftheteacher usEnglishthenextterm A wouldteachB hadtaughtC willteachD taught A Choosetherightanswers 5 Ihaven tdecide I llgooutorstayathome A ifB whenC whyD whether6 Iwanttoknow helovesyou A thatB whatC ifD who D C 4 Theboyasked anynoisefromoutside A whetherhadIheardB whetherIhadheardC whetherhaveIheardD whetherIhaveheard B A C 7 Iwondered ourteacherwasgoingtoattendourparty A whetherB whyC whereD that8 I dliketoknow ornot A whetherwillhecomeB whetherhashecomeC whetherhewillcomeD ifhewillcome 改为含宾语从句的复合句 1 Willthetrainarriveontime Iwanttoknow Iwanttoknow thetrain ontime 2 DidPetercomehereyesterday LiLeiwantstoknow LiLeiwantstoknow Peter hereyesterday willarrive if whether came if whether Completethesentences 1 我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物 Wearewondering onMars 2 你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗 Couldyoutellme toMars whether ifwecan if whethermanypeople aregoingtomove growplants 3 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服 Idon tknow anywashingathome 4 我担心是否伤害了她的感情 Iamworriedabout whetherornothedoes whetherIhurther feelings 1 UncleWangcameuptosee therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine 2 Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree if whether whether 3 Idon tknow togoorstay 4 thatistrue whatshouldwedo whether If 5 theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampionsonlytimewilltell Whether Completethesentenceswithif whether 宾语从句语序 陈述句语序主句 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 把下列宾语从句变为否定句 Ithinkthattheyarefuntowatch Idon tthinkthattheyarefuntowatch 2 IbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear Idon tbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear 三 宾语从句的句型变化 宾语从句的句型变化一般体现在主句的变化上 PleasetellmehowIcangothere CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangothere Don ttellmehowIcangothere 四 宾语从句的否定转移 如果主句的谓语动词是think believe guess suppose等 而且主句的主语又是第一人称时 它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中 即否定主句中的动词 而从句用肯定形式 即 主语为第一人称 否定在主句 翻译在从句 Translatethefollowingsentences 1 我认为不会下雨 I thatit 2 我认为你的答案不对 I youranswer right 我们相信他还没走 We thathe don tthink willrain don tthink is don tbelieve hasgone Practice 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子 1 我认为玛丽不回来了 Idon tthinkMary 2 山姆给我说他准备去上海 Samtoldmethathe forShanghai 3 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车 Iwanttoknow thereisatraintoBeijing will come was leaving if whether 1 Iwonder I mafraidwe llbelate 2011山东青岛 A howwecanbeontimeB whatwearegoingtodoC whywegettoschoollateD ifwewillarriveatthemeetingontime 中考链接 D 2 We llplanttreestomorrow andIdon tknow Tomwillcomeandjoinus 2011天津 A ifB whichC whatD where A 3 Doyouknow tomorrow Sorry Idon tknow YoumaysurftheInternet 2011湖南湘潭 A whetherwillitrainB ifitwillrainC whetherdoesitrain B 4 Mum canwegototheartmuseumtomorrow Sure Butfirstweshouldfindout 2011广西南宁市 A whatcanwedoB wherewecangoC howcanwegothereD ifitwillbeopen D 5 Wedon tknow themeetingwillbeheldsoon 2011内蒙古包头 A whenB whatC whetherD since C 5 Mary couldyoutellmeifyourmother ourschoolsportsmeetingtomorrow Ithinkshewillcometoschoolifshe free 2011山东滨州 A willtakepartin willbeB takespartin isC willtakepartin isD takespartin willbe C 6 Doyouknow Guangzhoutomorrow 2011肇庆 A whethertheyleaveforB whetherwilltheyleaveforC whethertheyareleavingfor C 7 I vedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend Iwaswondering youcouldgowithme 2011江西省 A ifB whenC thatD where A 8 Doyouthink XiaoMingcanpassthehighschoolentranceexamornot Sorry I venoidea 2011广西百色 A thatB whichC ifD whether D 9 Hesaidthatlight muchfasterthansound 2011山东枣庄 A hastravelledB wentC travelsD travelled C 10 OvertheseyearsIhavehadanewunderstandingof peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson 2012江苏淮安 A howB whatC whoD whom A 11 Canyoutellmeinthefuture 2012江苏宿迁 A howlifewillbelikeB howwilllifebelikeC whatlifewillbelikeD whatwilllifebelike C 12 Doyouknow AttheendofJuly 2012江苏连云港 A howsoonisyoursisterrunningbackhomeB howoftenNancyfromherpenfriendC wh