2015-2016学年湖南省衡阳八中、永州四中高一下学期理科实验班第一次联考语文试题.doc
2015-2016学年湖南省衡阳八中、永州四中高一下学期理科实验班第一次联考.zip
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拆封前保密衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级理科实验班第一次联考数学（试题卷）注意事项：1.本卷共22题，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.考生领取到试卷后，应检查试卷是否有缺页漏页，重影模糊等妨碍答题现象，如有请立即向监考老师通报。一.选择题（每题5分，共60分。在每题后面所给的四个选项中，只有一个是正确的）1.已知sinx+cosx=，则cos（x）=a b c d2.若将函数f（x）=2sinxcosx2sin2x+1的图象向右平移个单位，所得图象关于y轴对称，则的最小正值是a bc d3.设且则 a. b. c. d.4.在面积为6的rtabc中，,在上的投影为3，p为线段ab上的动点，且满足则的最大值为a1 b2 c3 d45.若ab，cd，则下列不等式成立的是abacbd ca2+c2b2+d2da+cb+d6.函数y=loga（x+3）1（a0，且a1）的图象恒过定点a，若点a在直线mx+ny+2=0上，其中m0，n0，则的最小值为a2b4 c d7.在abc中，cos2=，（a，b，c分别为角a，b，c的对边），则abc的形状为a正三角形 b直角三角形c等腰三角形或直角三角形 d等腰直角三角形8.已知等比数列an满足，a3a5=4（a41），则a2=a2 b1 c d9.数列an的前n项和为sn，若snsn1=2n1（n2），且s2=3，则a1+a3的值为a1b3c5 d610.定义为n个正数的“均倒数”已知各项均为正数的数列的前n项的“均倒数”为，又，则(a) (b) (c) (d)11.若不等式的解集是，则函数的图象是12.已知a0，b0，若不等式2a+b4m恒成立，则m的最大值为a10 b9 c8d7二.填空题（每题5分，共20分）13.设sn是等差数列an的前n项和，若=14.已知函数，则f（x）的最大值为15.已知变量x，y，满足，则z=log4（2x+y+4）的最大值为16.在abc中，角a，b，c所对的边分别为a，b，c，若abc不是直角三角形，则下列命题正确的是（写出所有正确命题的编号）tanatanbtanc=tana+tanb+tanc；若tana：tanb：tanc=1：2：3，则a=45；tana+tanb+tanc的最小值为3；当tanb1=时，则sin2csinasinb；若x表示不超过x的最大整数，则满足tana+tanb+tanctana+tanb+tanc的a，b，c仅有一组三.解答题（请写出相应的文字说明、公式定理和解答过程，第17题10分，第18-22题每题12分，共70分）17.设为第二象限角，若求（）tan的值；（）的值18.在oab的边oa，ob上分别有一点p，q，已知op：pa=1：2，oq：qb=3：2，连接aq，bp，设它们交于点r，若=，=（1）用与表示；（2）若|=1，|=2，与夹角为60，过r作rhab交ab于点h，用，表示19.已知单调递增的等比数列an满足：a2+a3+a4=28，且a3+2是a2，a4的等差中项（）求数列an的通项公式；（）设的前n项和sn20.在锐角abc中，角a、b、c所对的边分别为a、b、c，且acosb+bcosa=csinc（1）求cosc；（2）若a=6，abc的面积为8，求c21.设数列an的前n项和为sn，已知a1=1，nn*（1）求a2的值；（2）求数列an的通项公式；（3）证明：对一切正整数n，有22.两城市a和b相距20km，现计划在两城市外以ab为直径的半圆弧上选择一点c建造垃圾处理厂，其对城市的影响度与所选地点到城市的距离有关，对城a和城b的总影响度为城a与城b的影响度之和，记c点到城a的距离为x km，建在c处的垃圾处理厂对城a和城b的总影响度为y，统计调查表明：垃圾处理厂对城a的影响度与所选地点到城a的距离的平方成反比，比例系数为4；对城b的影响度与所选地点到城b的距离的平方成反比，比例系数为k，当垃圾处理厂建在的中点时，对城a和城b的总影响度为0.065（1）将y表示成x的函数；（2）判断弧上是否存在一点，使建在此处的垃圾处理厂对城a和城b的总影响度最小？若存在，求出该点到城a的距离；若不存在，说明理由衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级理科实验班第一次联考数学答案题号123456789101112答案dcccddbccbbb13.1 7.（），解得（）为第二象限角，cos=，sin=，18.（1）=，=，由a，r，q三点共线，可设=m故=+=+m=+m（）=+m（）=（1m）+m同理，由b，r，p三点共线，可设=n故=+=+n（）=+（1n）由于与不共线，则有解得=+（2）由a，h，b三点共线，可设=，则=+（1），=（）+（）又，=0（）+（）（）=0又=|cos 60=1，=，=+19.（i）设等比数列an的首项为a1，公比为qa3+2是a2，a4的等差中项2（a3+2）=a2+a4代入a2+a3+a4=28，得a3=8a2+a4=20或数列an单调递增an=2n（ii）an=2nbn=n2nsn=12+222+n2n 2sn=122+223+（n1）2n+n2n+1 得，sn=2+22+23+2nn2n+1=2n+1n2n+1220.（1）在锐角abc中，角a、b、c所对的边分别为a、b、c，且acosb+bcosa=csinc，由正弦定理得sinacosb+cosasinb=sin（a+b）=，sinc0，sinc=，c是锐角，cosc=（2），a=6，解得b=8，由余弦定理得c2=a2+b22abcosc=36+642=36，c=621.（1）当n=1时，解得a2=4（2）当n2时，得整理得nan+1=（n+1）an+n（n+1），即，当n=1时，所以数列是以1为首项，1为公差的等差数列所以，即所以数列an的通项公式为，nn*（3）因为（n2）所以=22（1）由题意得，又当时，y=0.065，k=9（2），令t=x2+320（320，720），则，当且仅当时，等号成立弧上存在一点，该点到城a的距离为时，使建在此处的垃圾处理厂对城a和城b的总影响度最小为0.0625.第 10 页 共 10 页 衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级文科实验班第一次联考拆封前保密衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级理科实验班第一次联考理科综合（试题卷）注意事项：1.本卷共32题，满分300分，考试时间为150分钟。2.考生领取到试卷后，应检查试卷是否有缺页漏页，重影模糊等妨碍答题现象，如有请立即向监考老师通报。第i卷 选择题（每题6分，共126分）本卷共21题，每题6分，共126分。其中第1-8题为物理部分，每题至少有一个选项是正确的，全部选对得6分，部分选对得3分，错选、不选不得分。第9-15为化学部分，第16-21题为生物部分，每题后面所给的四个选项中，只有一个是正确的。1.如图所示，光滑的水平面上，小球m在拉力f作用下做匀速圆周运动，若小球到达p点时f突然发生变化，下列关于小球运动的说法正确的是af突然消失，小球将沿轨迹pa做离心运动bf突然变小，小球将沿轨迹pa做离心运动cf突然变大，小球将沿轨迹pb做离心运动df突然变小，小球将沿轨迹pc逐渐靠近圆心2.星球上的物体脱离星球引力所需要的最小速度称为该星球的第二宇宙速度，星球的第二宇宙速度v2与第一宇宙速度v1的关系是v2=v1已知某星球的半径为r，它表面的重力加速度为地球表面重力加速度g的，不计其他星球的影响，则该星球的第二宇宙速度为a b c dgr3.如图所示，三辆完全相同的平板小车a、b、c成一直线排列，静止在光滑水平面上c车上有一小孩跳到b车上，接着又立即从b车跳到a车上小孩跳离c车和b车时对地的水平速度相同他跳到a车上相对a车保持静止，此后a.a、b两车运动速率相等 b.a、c两车运动速率相等c.三辆车的速率关系vcvavb d.a、c两车运动方向相同4.a、b两带电小球，质量分别为ma、mb，用绝缘不可伸长的细线如图悬挂，静止时a、b两球处于相同高度若b对a及a对b的库仑力分别为fa、fb，则下列判断正确的是afafbb细线ac对a的拉力c细线oc的拉力tc=（ma+mb）gd同时烧断ac、bc细线后，a、b在竖直方向的加速度相同5.如图是位于x轴上某点的电荷在直线pq右侧的电势随x变化的图线，a、b是x轴上的两点，过p点垂直于x轴的直线pq和x轴是该曲线的渐近线，则以下说法正确的是a可以判断出op间的各点电势均为零b负检验电荷在a点的电势能小于在b点的电势能c可以判断出p点左侧与右侧的电场方向均为x轴正方向d正检验电荷从a点移到b点，电场力一直做正功6.如图所示，小球从a点以初速度v0沿粗糙斜面向上运动，到达最高点b后返回a，c为ab的中点下列说法中正确的是a小球从a出发到返回a的过程中，位移为零，外力做功为零b小球从a到c与从c到b的过程，减少的动能相等c小球从a到c与从c到b的过程，速度的变化相等d小球从a到c与从c到b的过程，损失的机械能相等7.如图所示，水平桌面上的轻质弹簧一端固定，另一端与小物块相连弹簧处于自然长度时物块位于o点（图中未标出）物块的质量为m，ab=a，物块与桌面间的动摩擦因数为现用水平向右的力将物块从o点拉至a点，拉力做的功为w撤去拉力后物块由静止向左运动，经o点到达b点时速度为零重力加速度为g 则上述过程中a 物块在a点时，弹簧的弹性势能等于wmgab 物块在b点时，弹簧的弹性势能小于wmgac 经o点时，物块的动能小于wmgad 物块动能最大时弹簧的弹性势能小于物块在b点时弹簧的弹性势能8.将一电荷量为+q的小球放在不带电的金属球附近，所形成的电场线分布如图所示，金属球表面的电势处处相等，a、b为电场中的两点，则aa点的电场强度比b点的小ba点的电势比b点的高c带负电的电荷q在a点的电势能比在b点的大d带负电的电荷q从a点移到b点的过程中，电场力做正功9.下表为元素周期表的一部分，其中x、y、z、w为短周期元素，x与y的原子序数之和为z与w原子序数之和的下列说法正确的是xyzwta化合物yx2、zx2化学键类型和晶体类型均相同bz、w、t三种元素最高价氧化物的水化物的酸性依次增强c五种元素中，只有t是金属元素dmg在一定条件下可以和yx2发生反应生成y单质10.据最新报道，科学家发现了如下反应：o2+ptf6= o2(ptf6)，已知o2(ptf6)为离子化合物，其中pt为+5价，对于此反应，下列叙述正确的是a在此反应中，每生成lmolo2(ptf6)，则转移1mol电子b在此反应中，o2是氧化剂，ptf6是还原剂co2(ptf6)中氧元素的化合价是+1价do2(ptf6)中仅存在离子键不存在共价键11.某充电宝锂离子电池的总反应为：xli+li1xmn2o4limn2o4，某手机镍氢电池总反应为：niooh+mhm+ni（oh）2（m为储氢金属或合金），有关上述两种电池的说法不正确的是a锂离子电池放电时li+向正极迁移b锂离子电池充电时，阴极的电极反应式：limn2o4xeli1xmn2o4+xli+c如图九表示用锂离子电池给镍氢电池充电d镍氢电池放电时，负极的电极反应式：mh+oh-e-h2o+m12.某共价化合物含c、h、n 3种元素，已知其分子内的4个氮原子排列成内空的四面体结构，且每2个氮原子之间都有1个碳原子，分子中无cc、cc、cc键，则此化合物的化学式是ac6h12n4bc4h8n4cc6h10n4dc6h8n413.如图装置中，u型管内为红墨水，a、b试管内分别盛有食盐水和氯化氢溶液，各加入生铁块，放置一段时间下列有关描述错误的是a生铁块中的碳是原电池的正极b红墨水柱两边的液面变为左低右高c两试管中负极电极反应相同da试管中发生了吸氧腐蚀，b试管中发生了析氢腐蚀14.下列叙述错误的是a乙烯和苯都能使溴水褪色，褪色的原因相同b淀粉、油脂、蛋白质都能水解，但水解产物不同c煤油可由石油分馏获得，可用作燃料和保存少量金属钠d乙醇、乙酸、乙酸乙酯都能发生取代反应，乙酸乙酯中的少量乙酸可用饱和na2co3溶液除去15.一种塑料抗氧化剂c可通过下列反应合成：下列有关叙述正确的是a物质a中所有碳原子有可能位于同一平面b物质b不能发生取代反应c用酸性kmno4溶液鉴别抗氧化剂c中是否含有ch3（ch2）17ohd1 mol抗氧剂c与足量naoh溶液反应，最多可消耗2 mol naoh16.如图为某高等生物细胞某种分裂的两个时期的结构模式图，a、b表示染色体片段下列叙述错误的是a图1所示细胞若继续分裂可能会出现等位基因的分离b若两细胞来源于同一个卵原细胞，且图2是极体，则图1是次级卵母细胞c由图可以看出分裂过程中四分体中的非姐妹染色单体发生了互换d图1细胞处在减数第二次分裂中期，含1个染色体组和8条染色单体17.南瓜果实的颜色是由一对等位基因(a和a)控制的，用一株黄果南瓜和一株白果南瓜杂交，f1中既有黄果南瓜也有白果南瓜，f1自交产生的f2的表现型如图所示。根据图示分析，下列说法错误的是ap中黄果的基因型是aabf1中白果的基因型为aa和aac由图中可以判定白果为显性性状df2中黄果与白果的理论比例是5318.下图表示某家系中有甲（相关基因为a，a）、乙（相关基因为b，b）两种单基因遗传，其中一种是伴性遗传病。相关分析不正确的是a甲病是常染色体显性遗传、乙病是伴x隐性遗传b3的基因型一定是aaxbyc若3与7结婚，生一患病孩子的几率是1/8d6的致病基因自于219.如图1表示一个dna分子的片段，图2表示基因与性状的关系。有关叙述最合理的是a若图1中b2为合成图2中x1的模板链，则x1的碱基序列与b1完全相同b镰刀型细胞贫血症和白化病的根本原因是图2中过程发生差错导致的c图2中和过程发生的场所分别是细胞核和核糖体d图2表示基因是控制酶的合成来控制代谢活动进而控制生物性状20.在dna复制开始时，将大肠杆菌放在含低剂量3h标记的脱氧胸苷（3h-dt）的培养基中，3h-dt可掺入正在复制的dna分子中，使其带有放射性标记。几分钟后，将大肠杆菌转移到含高剂量3h-dt的培养基中培养一段时间。收集、裂解细胞，抽取其中的dna进行放射性自显影检测，结果如图所示。据图可以作出的推测是a.复制起始区在高放射性区域b.dna复制为半保留复制c.dna复制从起始点向两个方向延伸d.dna复制方向为ac21.某哺乳动物的背部皮毛颜色由常染色体上的一组复等位基因a1、a2和a3控制，且a1、a2和a3之间共显性（即a1、a2和a3任何两个组合在一起时，各基因均能正常表达）。如图表示基因对背部皮毛颜色的控制关系。系列说法错误的是a体现了基因通过控制酶的合成来控制代谢进而控制性状b背部的皮毛颜色的基因型有6种，其中纯合子有3种c背部的皮毛颜色为白色的个体一定为纯合子d某白色雄性个体与多个黑色雌性个体交配后代有三种毛色，则其基因型为a2a3第ii卷 非选择题（本卷共174分）22.（本题满分12分）用如图1所示的实验装置验证机械能守恒定律实验所用的电源为学生电源，输出电压为6v的交流电和直流电两种重锤从高处由静止开始落下，重锤上拖着的纸带通过打点计时器打出一系列的点，对纸带上的点迹进行测量，已知重力加速度为，即可验证机械能守恒定律下面列举了该实验的几个操作步骤：a按照图示的装置安装器件；b将打点计时器接到电源的直流输出端上；c用天平测量出重锤的质量；d先释放悬挂纸带的夹子，然后接通电源开关打出一条纸带；e测量打出的纸带上某些点之间的距离；f根据测量的结果计算重锤下落过程中减少的重力势能在误差范围内是否等于增加的动能其中没有必要或操作不恰当的步骤是_(填写选项对应的字母)如图2所示是实验中得到一条纸带，将起始点记为，并在离点较远的任意点依次选取6个连续的点，分别记为、，量出与点的距离分别为、，使用交流电的周期为t，设重锤质量为，则在打点时重锤的动能为_，在打点和点这段时间内的重力势能的减少量为_.在本实验中发现，重锤减少的重力势能总是_（填“大于”或“小于”）重锤增加的动能，主要是因为在重锤下落过程中存在着阻力的作用，为了测定阻力大小，可算出问中纸带各点对应的速度，分别记为至，并作图象，如图3所示，直线斜率为，则可测出阻力大小为_23.（本题满分13分）如图所示，用长为l的细绳把质量为m的小球系于o点，把细绳拉直至水平后无初速度地释放，小球运动至o点正下方的b点时绳子恰好被拉断，b点距地面的高度也为l设绳子被拉断时小球没有机械能损失，小球抛出后落到水平地面上的c点求：（1）绳子被拉断前瞬间受到的拉力大小t（2）b、c两点间的水平距离x24.（本题满分13分）小明站在水平地面上，手握不可伸长的轻绳一端，绳的另一端系有质量为m的小球，甩动手腕，使球在竖直平面内做圆周运动当球某次运动到最低点时，绳突然断掉，球飞行水平距离d后落地如图所示已知握绳的手离地面高度为d，手与球之间的绳长为d，重力加速度为g忽略手的运动半径和空气阻力（1）求绳断时球的速度大小v1和球落地时的速度大小v2（2）问绳能承受的最大拉力多大？（3）改变绳长，使球重复上述运动，若绳仍在球运动到最低点时断掉，要使球抛出的水平距离最大，绳长应是多少？最大水平距离为多少？25.（本题满分14分）如图所示，虚线pq、mn间存在水平匀强电场，一带电粒子质量为m=2.01011kg、电荷量为q=+1.0105c，从a点由静止开始经电压为u=100v的电场加速后，垂直于匀强电场进入匀强电场中，从虚线mn的某点b（图中未画出）离开匀强电场时速度与电场方向成30角已知pq、mn间距为20cm，带电粒子的重力忽略不计求：（1）带电粒子刚进入匀强电场时的速率v1（2）匀强电场的场强大小（3）ab两点间的电势差26.（本题满分14分）a、b、c、d是四种短周期元素，它们的原子序数依次增大。其中a、d元素同主族，b、c元素同周期；由a、b、c、d中的两种元素可形成原子个数比为1:1的多种化合物，甲、乙、丙、丁为其中的四种，它们的元素组成如下表所示： 常温下，甲物质为气体，密度略小于空气；乙物质为液体；丙物质和丁物质为固体且都为离子化合物。请填写下列空白：（1）丙物质的化学式为，丁物质中阴离子与阳离子的个数之比为。（2）若标准状况下5.6l甲物质完全燃烧放出的热量为akj，试写出表示甲物质燃烧热的热化学方程式。（3）研究表明乙物质具有弱酸性，则乙物质在水中的电离方程式为。（4）某同学设计了一个以结构简式是ba3ca的物质为燃料的电池，并用该电池电解200ml一定浓度的nacl与cuso4的混合溶液，其装置如下图：写出中通入该物质这一极的电极反应式。理论上中两极所得气体的体积随时间变化的关系如坐标图所示（气体体积已换算成标准状况下的体积），写出在t1后，石墨电极上的电极反应式；在t2时所得溶液的ph约为。27.（本题满分18分）实验室日常生活的必需品，也是重要的化工原料。(1)粗食盐常含有少量k+、ca2+、mg2+、fe3+、so42-等杂质离子，实验室提纯nacl的流程如下：提供的试剂：饱和na2co3溶液饱和k2co3溶液 naoh溶液 bacl2溶液、ba(no3)2溶液、75%乙醇、四氯化碳欲除去溶液中的ca2+、mg2+、fe3+、so42-离子，用所给的试剂，按滴加顺序依次为（只填化学式）。洗涤除去nacl晶体表面附带的少量kcl，选用的试剂为。(2)用提纯的nacl配制500 ml 4.00 moll-1nacl溶液，所用仪器出药匙、玻璃棒外还有。a、天平b、烧杯 c、锥形瓶 d、500 ml容量瓶 e、250 ml容量瓶f、胶头滴管 g、移液管(3)电解饱和食盐水的装置如图所示，若收集的h2为2 l，则同样条件下收集cl2小于2 l，原因是 。此副反应的产物之一是84消毒液的主要成分，其消毒的原理是。(4)实验室制备h2和cl2通常采用下列反应：zn+h2so4=znso4+h2mno2+4hcl(浓)=mncl2+cl2+2h2o据此，制备并收集干燥、纯净cl2的装置是（填代号）。28.（本题满分18分）锂被誉为“金属味精”，以licoo2为正极材料的锂离子电池已被广泛用作便携式电源。工业上常以-锂辉矿(主要成分为lialsi2o6，还含有feo、mgo、cao等杂质)为原料来制取金属锂。其中一种工艺流程如下：已知：部分金属氢氧化物开始沉淀和完全沉淀时的ph：氢氧化物fe(oh)3al(oh)3mg(oh)2开始沉淀ph273796完全沉淀ph374711li2co3在不同温度下的溶解度如下表：温度/010205075100li2co3的溶解度/g153914061329118108660728请回答下列问题：(1)用氧化物形式表示lialsi2o6的组成：_。(2)反应加入碳酸钙的作用是_，_。(3)写出反应中生成沉淀a的离子方程式：_， 。(4)反应生成li2co3沉淀，写出在实验室中得到li2co3沉淀的操作名称_，洗涤所得li2co3沉淀要使用_ (选填“热水”或“冷水”)，你选择的理由是。(5)电解熔融氯化锂生产锂时，阳极产生的氯气中会混有少量氧气，原因是：_。29.（本题满分8分）某烃分子中含碳元素的质量分数为85.7%，该烃的相对分子质量为28，试通过计算确定：（1）该烃的分子式（2）写出该烃的结构简式30.（本题满分16分）玉米是一种雌雄同株的植物，通常其顶部开雄花，下部开雌花。在一个育种实验中，选取a、b两棵植株进行了如下图所示的三组实验：实验一：将植株a的花粉传授到同一植株的雌花序上。实验二：将植株b的花粉传授到同一植株的雌花序上。实验三：将植株a的花粉传授到植株b的另一雌花序上。上述三组实验，各雌花序发育成穗轴上的玉米粒的颜色数如下表所示：请根据以上信息，回答下列问题：(1)在玉米粒颜色这一对相对性状中。隐性性状是，判断的理由是。(2)要完成实验三，在花蕾期对b植株实行处理。(3)如果用g代表显性基因，g代表隐性基因，则植株a的基因型为。植株b的基因型为，实验一中，黄色玉米粒的基因型是，黄色玉米中杂合子占。(4)为了验证该批黄色玉米粒的基因型，可采取的最简单的实验方案是：31.（本题满分20分）黄曲霉毒素b1（afb1）存在于被黄曲霉菌污染的饲料中，它可以通过食物链进入动物体内并蓄积，引起瘤变。某些微生物能表达afb1解毒酶将该酶添加在饲料中可以降解afb1，清除其毒性。( 1 ) afb1属于类致癌因子。( 2 ) afb1能结合在dna的g上使该位点受损伤变为g ，在dna复制中，g 会与a配对。现有受损伤部位的序列为，经两次复制后，该序列突变为。( 3）下图为采用基因工程技术生产afb1解毒酶的流程图据图回答问题：在甲、乙条件下培养含afb1解毒酶基因的菌株经测定甲菌液细胞密度小、细胞含解毒酶：乙菌液细胞密度大、细胞不含解毒酶过程l应选择菌液的细胞提取总rna，理由是过程中，根据图示，可以看出与引物结合的模版是检测酵母菌工程菌是否合成了afb1解毒酶，应采用方法。( 4）选取不含afb1的饲料和某种实验动物为材料，探究该afb1解毒酶在饲料中的解毒效果。实验设计及测定结果见下表：据表回答问题：本实验的两个自变量，分别为。本实验中反映afb1解毒酶的解毒效果的对照组是。经测定，某污染饲料中afb1含量为100g/kg，则每千克饲料应添加克afb1解毒酶解毒效果最好同时节的了成本。（5）采用蛋白质工程进一步改造该酶的基本途径是：从提高每的活性出发，设计预期的蛋白质结构，推测应有的氨基酸序列，找到相对应的。32.（本题满分22分）某女m的家族中患有血中丙种球蛋白缺乏症(xla)，这是编码布鲁顿氏酪氨酸激酶的基因突变所造成的一种b淋巴细胞缺失型免疫缺陷性疾病，其遗传家系图如图甲所示，其中3和7不携带致病基因，5在41岁时因该病去世，10、11幼年时因该病夭折。高胆固醇血症是因低密度脂蛋白受体基因突变引起的遗传病，某家系该病的遗传如图乙，其中7不携带致病基因。请据图分析回答：(1)xla(基因b、b控制)的遗传方式是_。m的基因型是_。(2)图甲中xia男性患者具有该病基因型相同的概率是_。在未接受有效治疗的前提下，一部分幼年夭折，一部分能活到四、五十岁，这一事实说明该致病基因的表达受_的影响。(3)m与图乙中男性3彼此不携带对方家族的致病基因，两人婚后生育一个孩子含高胆固醇血症致病基因的概率是_；若同时考虑这两对基因，他们再生育一个孩子正常的概率是_。(4)目前已发现的人类遗传病有数千种，遗传病产生的根本原因是_和_。(5)假设该地区人群共10000人且男女比例相等，经调查共有10个xla男性患者，5个携带者，则xia致病基因的频率为_。衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级理科实验班第一次联考理科综合答案题号12345678910答案abccdbdbdbcbda题号11121314151617181920答案babadbbdcc题号21答案c22.bcd 大于23.（1）设小球在b点的速度为v，由a到b有：mgh=mv2解得：v=设绳子被拉断瞬间受到的拉力大小为t，由牛顿运动定律有：tmg=m，将v=代入得：t=3mg（2）绳子被拉断后，小球做平抛运动，有：l=gt2x=vt将v=代入得：x=2l答：（1）绳子被拉断前瞬间受到的拉力大小t为3mg（2）b、c两点间的水平距离x为2l24.（1）设绳断后球飞行时间为t，由平抛运动规律，有竖直方向，水平方向d=v1t得由机械能守恒定律，有得（2）设绳能承受的最大拉力大小为t，这也是球受到绳的最大拉力大小球做圆周运动的半径为由圆周运动向心力公式，有得（3）设绳长为l，绳断时球的速度大小为v3，绳承受的最大拉力不变，有得绳断后球做平抛运动，竖直位移为dl，水平位移为x，时间为t1有x=v3t1得当时，x有最大值，答：（1）绳断时球的速度大小v1为，球落地时的速度大小v2为；（2）绳能承受的最大拉力为；（3）绳长应是，最大水平距离为25.（1）粒子在加速电场中运动的过程，由动能定理得：qu=代入数据解得：v1=m/s=104m/s（2）粒子进入匀强电场中做类平抛运动，沿初速度方向做匀速运动，则有：d=v1t，粒子沿电场方向做匀加速运动，则有：vy=at由题意得：tan30=由牛顿第二定律得：qe=ma，联立以上相关各式并代入数据得：e=103n/c=1.732103n/c（3）在匀强电场中水平方向上，对粒子，由动能定理得：quab=（+）联立以上相关各式并代入数据得：uab=400v答：（1）带电粒子刚进入匀强电场时的速率v1为104m/s（2）匀强电场的场强大小为1.732103n/c（3）ab两点间的电势差为400v26.（1）nah (2分) 1:2 (2分)（2）co(g)+1/2o2(g)=co2(g)；h=4akj/mol (2分)（3）h2o2h+ho2；(ho2h+o22可以不写第二步电离) (2分)（4）ch3oh6e+ 8oh=co32+ 6h2o（2分）4oh4e=o2+ 2h2o (或2 h2o4e=o2+4 h+）（2分）1（合理答案均可）（2分）；27.（1）bacl2、naoh、na2co375%乙醇（2）a b d f（3）电解生成的氯气与naoh发生了反应次氯酸钠消毒杀菌最主要的作用方式是通过它的水解形成次氯酸（4）d28.(1)li2oal2o34sio2(2分)(2)除去反应中过量的h2so4；控制ph，使fe3、a l3完全沉淀(各2分) (3)mg22oh=mg(oh)2、ca2co32=caco3(各2分) (4)过滤(2分)热水（2分）li2co3在较高温度下溶解度小，用热水洗涤可减少li2co3的损耗(2分)(5)加热蒸干licl溶液时，licl有少量水解生成lioh，受热分解生成li2o，电解时产生o2(其他合理答案均可) (2分)29.（1）该烃的分子式为c2h6（2）结构简式为ch2=ch230.（1）白粒由实验一可知，植株a自交，后代出现性状分离且黄白31，其中占1/4的为隐性性状，（2）套袋（3）gggggg、gg 2/3 （4）将该批黄色玉米籽粒单独隔离种植，待其自交结穗后看穗轴上玉米籽粒的颜色是否会出现性状分离。31.( 1 )化学 ( 2 )（3）甲因为甲菌液细胞含解毒酶，因此完成了基因的表达，所以甲菌液含有合成afb1解毒酶的mrna模板，因此应选择甲菌液的细胞提取总rna cdna.抗原-抗体杂交(4） afb1的有无和afb1解毒酶的含量。b组 5(5）脱氧核苷酸序列。黄曲霉毒素b1（afb1）存在于被黄曲霉菌污染的饲料中，它可以通过食物链进入动物体内并蓄积，引起瘤变。某些微生物能表达afb1解毒酶将该酶添加在饲料中可以降解afb1，清除其毒性。32.（1）伴x隐性遗传 xbxb（2）100% 环境（3）1/4 9/16（4）基因突变 染色体变异（5）0.1%第 15 页 共 15 页 衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级理科实验班第一次联考拆封前保密衡阳八中永州四中2016年上期高一年级理科实验班第一次联考英语（试题卷）注意事项：1.本卷共72题，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.考生领取到试卷后，应检查试卷是否有缺页漏页，重影模糊等妨碍答题现象，如有请立即向监考老师通报。第一部分 听力（每题1.5分，共30分）第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.whats the woman crazy about? a. the bad traffic in the morning. b. the early working time in her office.c. the construction in front of the building.2.what is the woman doing? a. recommending some places to the man.b. asking for advice from the man.c. leaving on her trip to asia.3.what is the man going to do? a. talk to more soldiers. b. organize the information. c. collect more information. 4.what will the speakers do tonight? a. prepare for an exam. b. go to a celebration. c. go to a hospital.5.where does the conversation most probably take place? a. at a clinic. b. at a furniture store. c. in a gym.第二节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.what class will the man have this afternoon?a. politics. b. history. c. biology. 7.what does the woman say about the cafeteria? a. she likes the variety of food there.b. she doesnt think the food there is too bad.c. she thinks it is too crowded there.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.where does the conversation take place? a. at the airport. b. at the lost and found. c. at a railway station. 9.how many pieces of luggage does the woman have?a. two. b. three. c. four.10.what color is the large suitcase? a. brown. b. gray. c. blue.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.what does the woman ask the information for? a. for some surveys. b. for a meeting. c. for a class project.12.what sport is the 36-to-45 age groups second choice? a. jogging. b. tennis. c. skiing.13.in which age group are men a bit more active than women? a. the 18-to-26 age group. b. the 27-to-35 age group. c. the 46-to-55 age group.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.how does the man know the shop? a. from a friend. b. from the newspaper. c. from the internet.15.who does the man like most?a. jimi hendrix. b. jimmy page. c. fender.16.why is the jimmy pages guitar so expensive? a. his signature is on it. b. it was played at his 1970 show. c. it is the only fender in the store.17.what does the man plan to buy? a. a fender used by jimmy page. b. a latest model of classic guitar. c. a small guitar for a beginner.听第10段材料，回答18至20题。18.what should international students do when they get to college in america? a. take out a medical insurance policy. b. ask the college to recommend a doctor. c. get a check-up.19.according to the man, what is the standard form of medical care in america? a. public clinics. b. college clinics. c. private doctors.20.what should international students bring when they go to america? a. their health records. b. the contact information of their doctors. c. medicine.第二部分 阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）a the first memory i have of himof anything, reallyis his strength. it was in the late afternoon in a house under construction near ours. the unfinished wood floor had large, terrifying holes whose big and opening darkness i knew led to nowhere good. his powerful hands, then age 33, wrapped all the way around my tiny arms, then age 4, and easily swung me up to his shoulders to command all i surveyed. the relationship between a son and his father changes over time. it may grow and flourish in mutual maturity. it may sour in hated dependence or independence. with many children living in single-parent homes today, it may not even exist. but to a little boy right after world war ii, a father seemed a god with strange strengths and strange powers enabling him to do and know things that no mortal could do or know. amazing things, like putting a bicycle chain back on, just like that, or building a hamster cage, or guiding a jigsaw(拼版玩具)so it forms the letter f; i learned the alphabet that way in those pre-television days. there were, of course, rules to learn. first came the handshake, a good firm squeeze accompanied by an equally strong gaze into the others eyes. the first thing anyone knows about you is your handshake,” he would say. and wed practice it each night on his return from work, the serious toddler(学步儿童)in the old cleveland indians cap running up to the giant father to shake hands again and again until it was firm enough. one day, i realize now, there was a change. i wasnt trying to please him so much as i was trying to impress him. i never asked him to come to my football games. he had a high-pressure career, and it meant driving through most of friday night. but for all the big games, when i looked over at the sideline, there was that familiar fedora(软呢帽). and by god, did the opposing team captain ever get a firm handshake and a gaze he would remember then, a school fact contradicted something he said. impossible that he could be wrong, but there it was in the book. these accumulated over time, along with personal experiences, to strengthen my own developing sense of values. and i could tell we had each taken our own, perfectly normal paths. i began to see, too, his blind spots, his prejudices and his weaknesses. i never threw these up at him. he hadnt to me, and, anyway, he seemed to need protection. i stopped asking his advice; the experiences he drew from no longer seemed relevant to the decisions i had to make.he volunteered advice for a while. but then, in more recent years, politics and issues gave way to talk of empty errands and, always, to illness. after much thought and practice “ you can do whatever you have to do.”, one night last winter, i sat down by his bed and remembered for an instant those terrifying dark holes in another house 35 years before. i told my father how much i loved him. i described all the things people were doing for him. but, i said, he kept eating poorly, hiding in his room and violating the doctors orders. no amount of love could make someone else care about life, i said; it was a two-way street. he wasnt doing his best. the decision was his. he said he knew how hard my words had been to say and how proud he was of me. “i had the best teacher,” i said. “you can do whatever you have to do.” he smiled a little. and we shook hands, firmly, for the last time. several days later, at about 4 a.m., my mother heard dad shuffling about their dark room. “ i have some things i have to do,” he said. he paid a bundle of bills. he composed for my mother a long list of legal and financial what-to-dos “ in case of emergency.” and he wrote me a note. then he walked back to his bed and laid himself down. he went to sleep, naturally. and he did not wake up.21. the underlined word “it” in para 2 may refer to _.a. a single-parent home b. the relationship between a son and his fatherc. the mutual maturity d. the dependence or independence22. from the passage we can infer that _.a. there was no television when the writer was learning the alphabetb. the writers father was a god who could do many things with strengthc. the writers father lived a poor life and couldnt support his familyd. they practiced shaking hands until the writer grew up23. what does the underlined sentence “ and it meant driving through most of friday night.” probably imply？a. the writers father had to drive a long way on friday night to watch his son play football.b. because of a high-pressure career, the writers father had to drive from monday to friday night.c. the writers father was deeply impressed by his son in spite of a high-pressure career.d. the writers father was forced to work to an excessive (过量的) extent.24 the sixth paragraph is mainly about _.a. the writers change of attitude to his fatherb. the writers distrust of his fatherc. the contradiction (矛盾) between the writer and his fatherd. the change of relationship between the writer and his fatherb which is saferstaying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low.however, what about flying pared to working in the chemical industry? unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! in fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home. the trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby.it is this that makes chemical accidents so newsworthy.fortunately, they are extremely rare.the most famous ones happened at texas city (1947),flixborough (1974), seveso (1976), pemex (1984) and bhopal (1984). some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small.no one died at seveso, and only 28 workers at flixborough.the worst accident of all was bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed.the texas city explosion of fertilizer killed 552.the pemex fire at a storage（储藏） plant for natural gas in the suburbs of mexico city took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at bhopal. some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger.thus the texas city explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate（硝酸铵）,which is safe unless stored in great quantity.the flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs.the seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep.when the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action.the pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb.the fire set off a chain reactions exploding storage tanks.yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode.had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.25.which of the following statements is true?a.working at the office is safer than staying at home.b.traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.c.staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.d.working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.26.chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because _.a.they are very rare b.they often cause loss of lifec.they always occur in big cities d.they arouse the interest of all the readers27.from the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _.a.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industryb.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industryc.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been takend.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safec you hear the comment all the time: the u.s. economy looks good by figures, but it doesnt feel good. why doesnt ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? it is a question that dates at least to the appearance in 1958 of the wealthy society by john kenneth galbraith, who died recently at 97. the wealthy society is a modern classic because it helped describe a new moment in the human condition. for most of history, “hunger, sickness, and cold” threatened nearly everyone, galbraith wrote. “poverty (贫穷) was found everywhere in that world. obviously it is not of ours.” after world war ii, the fear of another great depression gave way to an economic growth. in the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5 percent. to galbraith, materialism (物质主义) had gone mad and would cause discontent. through advertising, companies conditioned consumers to buy things they didnt really want or need. because so much spending was artificial, it would be unsatisfying. meanwhile, government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people wrongly considered government only as “a necessary bad.” its often said that only the rich are getting ahead; everyone else is standing still or falling behind. well, there are many undeserving rich overpaid chief managers, for instance. but over any meaningful period, most peoples incomes are increasing. from 1995 to 2004, people feel “squeezed” because their rising incomes often dont satisfy their rising wants for bigger homes, more health care, more education, and faster internet connections. the other great disappointment is that it has not got rid of insecurity. people regard job stability as part of their standard of living. as company unemployment increased, that part has gradually become weaker. more workers fear theyve become “the disposable american,” as louis uchitelle puts it in his book by the same name.because so much previous suffering and social conflict resulted from poverty, the arrival of widespread wealth suggested utopian (乌托邦式的) possibilities. up to a point, wealth succeeds. there is much less physical suffering than before. people are better off. unfortunately, wealth also creates new complaints. advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the multiplying wants of their citizens. but the search for growth cause new anxieties and economic conflicts that disturb the social order. wealth sets free the individual, promising that everyone can choose a unique way to self-accomplishment. but the promise is so unreasonable that it leads to many disappointments and sometimes inspires choices that have anti-social consequences, including family breakdown. figures indicate that happiness has not risen with incomes. should we be surprised? not really. weve simply confirmed an old truth: the seeking of wealth does not always end with happiness.28. the wealthy society is a book _. a. about poverty in the pastb. written by louis uchitellec. indicating that people are becoming worse offd. about why happiness does not rise with wealth29. according to galbraith, people feel discontented because _. a. materialism has run wild in modern societyb. they are in fear of another great depressionc. public spending hasnt been cut down as expectedd. the government has proved to be necessary but ugly30. why do people feel“squeezed”when their average income rises considerably? a. they think there are too many overpaid rich.b. there is more unemployment in modern society.c. their material demands go faster than their earnings.d. health care and educational cost have somehow gone out of control.31. what does louis uchitelle mean by “the disposable american” ? a. people with a stable job.b. workers who no longer have secure jobs.c. those who see job stability as part of their living standard.d. people who have a sense of security because of their rising incomes.d once upon a time, science fiction was just a style among other styles. there were crime stories, there were horror stories, there was literary fictionand there was science fiction. but today science themes dominate these other styles. its difficult to think of much modern crime, horror or “serious” fiction that doesnt involve science. and its not just books. with every second movie and computer game having a sci-fi element, science fiction seems to have controlled our entire entertainment culture. its clear that if we want to define science fiction we should relate it to the role that science plays in our lives. perhaps the place to start is by noting when it began. although some experts have claimed to be able to trace sci-fi back to ancient times, it is more plausible to find it in initial form in the 19th century, when industrial societies arose. one of the features that set industrial societies apart from other kinds was the increasing part that science played in everyday life. factories with vast machines turned out huge quantities of goods, which were transported by trains, motor vehicles and ships all over the world. cities were built on the back of technology, with electricity in homes and hospitals helping everyone to lead healthier, more convenient lives. all of these changes had great effects not only on peoples real lives, but on their imaginative ones. writers began to articulate these changing physical and mental landscapes, eventually giving science fiction a large and devoted fan base of especially young readers, who found that it spoke to their curiosity about the future that science would create. but sci-fi reflected fears about science more than it did hopes. these typical early science fiction novel might be a uk novel like h.g. wells the war of the worlds (1897). with great skill, wells played upon the fears of technology by imagining earth under threat by a civilization that of men from mars. the science fiction of today expresses the impact of the computing revolution, robotics and our environmental challenges, while it is less concerned with “little green men from mars” and other themes of past sci-fi. given that science, technology and politics are always intertwined (交织), contemporary science fiction often has a great deal to say about power. many recent novels like american cory doctorows little brother (2008) are concerned with government and security service “conspiracies (阴谋)” against the people, particularly as the revelations of whistleblowers like edward snowden sink in. this can give sci-fi writing a “skeptical” feel. this underlines one of the features that remains constant between the beginnings of the empire of science fiction and its state today. as then, so now: we want to read about how fearful the future will be, not how it will be a paradise (天堂).32. the underlined word “dominate” in paragraph 1 probably means “_”.a. induce b. represent c. interfere d. influence33. what caused science fiction to appear in the 19th century?a. the curiosity of young readers about the future.b. the changes that the industrial revolution brought about.c. peoples stretched imagination affected by their real life.d. peoples fears about science rather than hopes.34. what is mostly conveyed in contemporary science fiction?a. our earth is threatened by aliens from mars.b. modern crime and horror are involved in science.c. power is a very important element to ensure security.d. entertainment culture and environmental issues are crucial.35. whats the main idea of the passage?a. the impact of the science fiction.b. the development of the science fiction.c. the content of the science fiction.d. the characteristic of the science fiction.e根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 does this situation seem familiar to you? your english is progressing well. the grammar is now familiar. the reading comprehension is no problem. you are communicating quite fluently. 36 first of all, remember that you are not alone. listening comprehension is probably the most difficult task for almost all learners of english as a foreign language. so, the most important thing is to listen as often as possible. 37the internet is really a useful tool for english students. you can download the realplayer from realm, which allows you to use the internet like a radio station. once you have begun to listen on a regular basis, you might still be frustrated by limited understanding. 38 here is some of the advice i give my students: accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything. keep cool when you do not understand even if you continue not to understand for a long time. 39dont concentrate on details until you have understood the main idea. 40this approach usually results in confusion. translating leads to a kind of block in ones brain which sometimes doesnt allow us to understand anything at all!by remaining calm, allowing yourself not to understand, and not to translate while listening, your brain is free to concentrate on the most important thing: understanding english in english.a. secondly, most people repeat themselves constantly.b. what should you do?c. do not translate everything into your native language.d. this situation leads to less - not more - understanding.e. the next step is to findlistening resources.f. listen for the general idea of the conversation.g. but listening is still a problem.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，共45分）【一】完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将题涂黑。（每题1.5分，共30分）indiana 6-year-old levi mayhew suffers from a rare and fatal genetic disorderaccording to a41from the make-a-wish foundation(基金会)，levi is too sick to42，sowhen he was able to43his wish，he did44extra special with itlevi45his make-a-wishtrip to 10-year-old emma broyer，his closest school friend who has been one of his biggest46throughout his medical challengesemma gives him47letters and gifts and asks her friends to do the samelevisnon rebecca drake told wthr that48inher sonstoughest moments，emma never49to make him smile“just having emma sayhito levi made a world of50it opened two hearts at onceshe saidto show his51，levi wished emma to take a special trip to floridafor the little indiana girl whod never beenona plane，the surprise52was truly the trip of a lifetimewhen emma and her family went to florida，they53a“flat levi”figure(画像)，which theyincluded on a11 of their54at their55party，emma gave levi an album“emma and levis trip”levismom rebecca told the news station：“it feltsogood to56this little girlemma had givensomuch to us without even57ititsa very warm feeling to know that another child loves and caressomuch for yourchild，especially while facing the58itssoinnocent and pure59angels(天使)really do walk the earth，emma is oneshes levis angelthis story proves that thepower of oneisso60”41adoctorbheadmastercspokespersondteacher42astudybplaycswimdtravel43aobtainbquitcchangedneglect44aeverythingbsomethingcanythingdnothing45adonatedbmadecarrangeddsold46acontributorsbsupporterscsponsorsdagents47adiscouragingbencouraging csurprisingdboring48astillbevercevendperhaps49aremembersbdesirescexpectsdfails50asuccessbdifferencecsurprisedfreedom51amercybgratitudecdelightdpride52aexperimentbachievementcvacationdresearch53agave outbput upctook awaydbrought along54a1ecturesbflightscappointmentsdadventures55awelcomebfarewellcgraduationdbi
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