《远大前程》的叙事艺术.doc

The narrative art of Great Expectations”ABSTRACTthe great expectations is an important novel of Charles Dickens at the late of his life.This novel has a very high narrative art. From the narrative perspective,the article compared different narrative angles combining with the authors unique narrative technique, ,finally deepening the theme of traditional socialism .Since the publication of great expectations, the research on it ishot spot, but mostly are the external study scholar of the novel.In fact, in terms of language use and narrative skills, I hold the view that DE had made more great achievements.Therefore, take the great expectations as a narrative of the case To studied, and discusses the characteristics of this article , it will strongly promote us intensively understandingthe in-depth reason of the novel Solution and grasp.KeywordsGreat eExpectations, Narrative Art, Narrative Technique内容摘要远大前程是狄更斯晚期的一部重要小说。这篇小说具有极高的叙事艺术，它从叙事视角出发，结合作者独特的叙事手法，对文章不同的叙述视角进行对比，最后深化传统主义主题。自从远大前程出版以来，对远大前程的研究就一直是个热门，但大部分学者处于“外在性研究者”。事实上从语法使用角度和叙事角度而言，本文认为狄更斯已经获得了巨大成功。一次将远大前程作为一个叙事的典型进行研究，去讨论它的叙事特点，它将会提高我们对这篇销售的认识。关键词远大前程；叙事艺术；叙事手法CONTENTS1. The IntroductionIV2 .great expectations of narrative artIV2.1 Defamiliarize EffectionIV2.2 To Immersive reading effect of being personlly on the scence and enhance friendly feelingV2.3 suspenseVI2.4Psychological descriptionVI3.Three narrative technipueVIII3.1 the narrative perspectiveVIII3.1.1 first-person narrationVIII3.1.2 social space of brinkmanshipIX3.1.3With the narrative ego and experience the story itselfX3.2 narrative structure (crime and punishment)XI3.3 narrative grammar (opposite transformation of role )XII4 .Fusion of modernnarrative and tranditional themeXIII5.ConclusionXIV参考文献XV1. The IntroductionGreat Expectations is the representative work of British dickens in his criticism of reality.As an excellent representative of critical realism,Dickens is the most great novelist in the 19th century, His works, tend to high level of realism, shows the real images of different classes of Britishsociety.In great expectations created by the author as a representative of the fiction, the expression is often the topic of irony and critique the hypocrisy of society with dirty and corrupt.The topic is filled with sympathy for sadness, desperaton and suffering of the underworld .Great expectationsmakes pursuit of wealth of the hero PIP as his subject, discusses on the experience of his pursuit of great expectationson and mainly describes the process of destruction of great expectations but finally find self successfully.2 .great expectations of narrative artDickens is strong with realism, especially good at describing the change of protagonist and other characters, living environment, psychological environment and heros personality.Evaluation of narrative art in the work at home and abroad. There are scholars learning: perfect structure, abundant language.The novel show the different levels of narrative art with the view of dual narrative and the principle of binary opposition,.2.1 Defamiliarize EffectionThe novel builds a mysterious space causing the hero PIP a lot of doubt many times , leading him gradually feel strange about the whole environment .The author created two self in thenovel: narrating self and empirial self.The two self is not always seperate from each other, but has communication with each other.When PIP narrates his status from satisfaction to dissatisfaction and tells about illution of great expectations but they finally burst . the plot disclose the psychological pain when the question of self experience , explanation, and repent is discovered.These conflicting events made the world in self eyes of defamiliarization.When empirical slf expresses these dissatisfaction, worry, confessionout, will product the feeling of defamiliarization.2.2 To Immersive reading effect of being personlly on the scence and enhance friendly feelingThe author makes the first person as the narrative object to let readers seems that they familiar to the hero.Using self-visual angle of to write psychological actually has the effect og communicating with readers.by these description.In the psychological description, experience self expresses the regret of narrationg self for the previous fault and affirmation of turning over a new life which implys the authors attitude toward the hero, and impliedly conveys this attitude through narration to the reader.These have formed the communicaton betweem characters, authors and readers, making the reader have the feeling of communicating with people face-to-face ,agreeing with the novel ideal, thus it enhance the reading effect. 2.3 suspenseBased on the popular British detective novels background at that time, there always exists suspense in the novel.This can be concolusion from the creative mode of the great expectations , its series novel not periodical.Suspense is one magic weapon to attract readers interest , thisis very similar to he practice of the current season sowing drama to attact audiences attention.Novel is divided into three parts, which includes 59 sections, almost every part of each chapter can has created suspense to attract the readers .For the strange events, the authors are not laid out one by one, but arranged some suspense emerge in endlessly in these events ,which makes the story twists and turns and at the same time, also Lead the reader to find the all kinds of suspenses step by step, one by one to in story.Attract the readers interested in one of the biggest magic weapon, which with the practice of the current season sowing drama audience is very similar.2.4Psychological descriptionGreat expectations was told by narrative ego at the beginning, but in narrative ego was telling his experience,Experience self back and forth to cut off the narrative of the self narrative, cancel the order, and to the narrative of the selfEvaluation, editorial, repent, forming an inexperienced young horse with after the vicissitudes of oldIn horses dialogue between the atmosphere, including the narrative ego in step by step to experience self in the process of growthPsychological activity and psychological state, in the text, the author put it in the abstract as psychological empty of self-pity Edward rope, it belongs to and put forward the category of the third space.What is the third space?Cable admitted he was in the broadest sense the concept of using a third space,Is consciously try to use flexible term as much as possible to grasp the ideas, events, appearance and meaning of changing The social background of.Space is seen as a specific form of material, or can be marked by analysis, interpretation,Is the construction of spirit at the same time, is about the idea of space and life meaning representation forms.In great expectations, blaming yourself mental space is by experience ego and narrative ego two clever narrator.The narrator (experience ego and narrative ego) free shuttle in the elusive mysterious space And at arms length between social space, not to convey all the information in the space, when a mysterious communication. The bridge and the link to space and social space.At the same time the text plays a segmentation and predict the story plot Bureau;Dispel the suspense in the story, BuXu plot of the story content;Complete the narrative space transformation;delayed Story narrative rhythm, and make it produce dramatic effect, and so on.Any narrative works is inseparable from the story and reason The narrator, the relations between the narrator and the story in the narrative works, the works become the embodiment of a level Key factors, the story is told by which the narrator, is directly related to the story not caused on the reader With reading effect.Narrative ego to oneselfPosition by satisfaction to not satisfied to rehabilitation, turn over a new leaf of psychological process, psychological contradiction and fight Strife, and a vision of the illusion of great expectations, sweet love, plus psychological struggle after the bursting of the dream;In this Among them are interspersed with the experience of the self review, interpretation, remorse and repentance, and compared with the implied author, the reader Flow formed a reliable description of events in the text.So in the mental space of self-pity, self from experience Regret and remorse of narrative ego error before action, to gradually realize the reality after rehabilitation Certainly, the authors attitude is implied sympathy and affirmation, implied author also own this further Insights through the reliable narrative convey to the reader, thus formed the narrator, the characters in the works, the hidden Authors, readers, the communication and dialogue context, make self-pity psychological space becomes rich and colorful.Self-pity mental space is indispensable in the text, it is both complicated and mysterious space communication At arms length and bridge of social space, and convey the implied authors real intention, to communicate with readers Taiwan.3.Three narrative technipue3.1 the narrative perspective3.1.1 first-person narrationAt the begining of Great expectations , to emphasize the heros review of the past and the past tense, the author uses the past tense and past tense through mixed narrativeon.The author tells the story of the PIPs growth experience when he is young in the first person I let the I to enhance the authenticity of the story, to increase the credibility of the narrative, thus make the story a reliable narrative model.Using the first-person point of view, the writers aesthetic experience is highlighted, can be more natural, more honestly narrate I mental state and so on.The first-person narrative arranges process of story by the narrators subjective feeling and determines priorities,to achieve the result of prominent writers aesthetic experience.Using first-person perspective can make readers more participatory and has more influence on readers.It can not only satisfy the curiosity of readers for granted, but also the can remove the author potential concerns.It can also make the story appears like a hands-on experience and reliable. It not only can persuades reader at the same time also can eliminate other concerns, make the story more vivid, real and plump.3.1.2 social space of brinkmanshipNovels about the social environment in the process of PIP growth showed a feeling of brinkmanship.Novel is told in time order, i.e., the narrative is according to the order of time, the movement of the space order.So the author put the horse lived in realistic societys place (Joe GeJiRui, Kate home park, a third law firm, his home in London) as a social empty at arms length range.The four places have their own characteristics in the narrative text,and connect with each other.3.1.3With the narrative ego and experience the story itselfDickens used narrative ego and experience double attaches great importance to the perspective of the self, in the creative practice of the time, there is no doubt that pioneering significance, because of the enlightenment function of Victorian novels is achieved through the narrators comments supreme.Dickens tell the story from the double perspective of narrative ego and experience double.in the victoria era , there is no doubt that it had pioneering significance, because of the enlightenment function of Victorian novels is achieved through the supreme narrators comments.Ingreatexpectations,thiseffectobtianedthroughmutualpenetrationandreferencebetweentheadultandyoungPiP,thusgreatlyenhancethevitalityandauthenticityofthenoel.However, the work gives a story in the form of autobiography novels, there is such a discrepancy: no matter what kind of danger the process is, the narrator still can get through it. Unfortunately, it is very clear for readers in adance; noly he (the narrator) must have seen them anyway could he not tell this story in the experience.So, in great expectations, although the author adopted the perspective of emriodical self, but in most of the time, he used narrative perspective of the narative self.So, in great expectations, although the author adopted the perspective of emriodical self, but in most of the time, he used narrative perspective of the narative self，whoese effect makes the meaning of the work is quite clear.This episode China now dickens novel in the midstream of the lower people praises and of a good qualitySome of the so-called gentleman to expose false face, this is involved in the above all, go here.In addition to the whole novel suspense, more and the characters dialogue, horses psychological activity And through the narrative itself conveys the hero reflections on things to people.As stated above, it Beyond the general so-called critical realism, but involves psychological realism, the Novels of modern narrative techniques and implicit traditional theme characteristics do effective connection.So-called psychological realism consists of two aspects of meaning: on the one hand, refers to the novels by heart.So, in great expectations, although the author adopted the perspective of experience of self, but in most of the time, he used the remains of narrative perspective of the self.Can see how all this is equivalent to experience self through the narrative language filtering itself, and to organize.This form of effect, and make the meaning of the work is quite clear.3.2 narrative structure (crime and punishment)Dickens life of the Victorian era is famous for its focus on moral, so Dickens payed more attention to morality and emphasis on encouraging people.There are many conflicts of crime and punishment narrative function in the novel.It is the opposite constitutes that conducts the deep structure of the novel narrative.Dickens has its own moral system, if anyone violates his moral principle, the character will get punished; if anyone obeys his moral principles, then the character will get his praise and reward.The growth of hero exactly meet Dickenss narrative mode.While PIP lives in hard childhood, but meticulous care under the brother-in-law make his life more warmth and harmony.But it was not until he saw esther Della did he was aware that he is live in a sevant life, at this time the balance of the environment is broken.After a mysterious people support him to go to London to accept higher education, PIP got a new equilibrium.When PIP know the mystery for the escaped prisoner, the balance of his life was broken again.But in the end, with the help of friends, he regained balance. Up to now ,this novel structurally completed the narrative.In this sequence of balance has been broken and set up the plot again, crime and punishment in the state of the two opposing has played a bridge role.3.3 narrative grammar (opposite transformation of role )characters in the novel produce all sorts of contradictions and clearance with their own experience which makes their relationship on-and-off and complex .PIPs dream as a child is his great expectations, but the real trigger that caused PIP to pursue the great expectation is the proud of Mis Della. His love gradually make him hate rabble of life in the past, he wanteda a position that can match Della .But in his efforts to pursuit this status, Joe and Bi is his biggest enemy to advanceAt this point, the biggest rival is the confrontation between the love angel and hinder, namely antagonism between Joe and Biddy , PIP is to support the former in the competiton.When a mysterious man appeared, PIPs life has changed dramatically, PIP and Joe quickly became a camp, on the road to London together, Joe becomes PIPs assistant from compe titor.PIP in London got many peoples help, which made his life smoothly.When PIP know mystery mans true identity as a murderer, PIP cant accept such a shift.Some people as friend at that time turned into a bitter rivals, such as Magwitch.Therefore,the life of PIP transformed.The deep meaning of novel was also displayed.Although PIP lost great expectations, but his moral was back.In the characters of novel , many of them are contradictory but also reciprocal transformational.4 .Fusion of modernnarrative and tranditional themeDickens tells the story from the pespective of mutual communication and mutual penetration of narrative ego and empriodical self. 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