四六级写作高分策略课件(PPT 57页).ppt

四六级写作高分策略 1 尽量避免不应该出现的错误 只有评卷人认可了你语法掌握的水平 他才会抱着宽容甚至欣赏的态度看你的句型设计 用词和例证的援引 CET作文常见错误 在实际的阅卷过程中 语法错误 是阅卷人员的主要 照顾点 大家可以设想一下 一篇语法上漏洞百出 严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢 因此 认清各种各样的语法错误 尽可能地避免少犯 对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的 现将阅卷过程中所发现的大量语言错误逐一归类 抽出其中的典型错误 以警示大家 1 句子成分残缺不全Wealwaysworkingtilllateatnightbeforetakingexams 误 Wearealwaysworking Wealwayswork tilllateatnightbeforetakingexams 正 Weshouldreadbookswhichmaybeusefultous 正 Weshouldreadbooksmaybeusefultous 误 2 句子成分多余Thistestisend butthereisanothertestiswaitingforyou 误 Onetestends butanotheriswaitingforyou 正 Thedriveroftheredcarwasdiedonthespot 误 Thedriveroftheredcardiedonthespot 正 3 主谓不一致Someone Somebodythinkthatreadingshouldbeselective 误 Somethinkthatreadingshouldbeselective 正 Mysistergotothecinemaatleastonceaweek 误 Mysistergoestothecinemaatleastonceaweek 正 4 动词时态 语态的误用Iwaswalkingalongtheroad andtherearenotsomanycarsonthestreet 误 Iwaswalkingalongtheroadandtherewerenotsomanyvehiclesonthestreet 正 Wehavelittletimetoreadsomebookswhichweinterest 误 Wehavelittletimetoreadsomebooksinwhichweareinterested 正 Iamastudentwhohasstudyinginthecollegefortwoyears 误 Ihavebeenstudyinginthecollegefortwoyears 正 5 词类混淆Itismypointthatreadingmustbeselectively 误 Inmyopinion readingmustbeselective 正 Honestissoimportantforeveryperson 误 Honestyissoimportantforeveryone 正 Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenheacrossthestreet 误 Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenhewascrossingthestreet 正 6 名词可数与不可数的误用Toomuchtestsaredisadvantageforstudents study 误 Toomanytestsaredisadvantageoustostudents 正 Inthepresident soffice wehavefoundnewequipmentsofvariouskinds 误 Inthepresident soffice wehavefoundnewequipmentofvariouskinds 正 7 动词及物与不及物的误用Thetrafficaccidentwastakenplaceatthejunctionoftwohighways 误 Thetrafficaccidenttookplaceatthejunctionoftwohighways 正 Becauseofhisexcellentperformance thebossrosehissalary 误 Becauseofhisexcellentperformance thebossraisedhissalary 正 8 介词to和不定式符号的混淆Toomanytestswilldoharmtocultivateourindependentthinking 误 Toomanytestswilldoharmtothecultivationofourindependentthinking 正 Allthesecontributedtosolvetheseriousproblem 误 Allthesecontributedtothesolutiontotheseriousproblem 正 9 情态动词的误用Itmaynotgoodtoourhealth 误 Itmaybenotgoodtoourhealth 正 Theyshouldspentmuchtime 误 Theyshouldspendmuchtime 正 10 Therebe句型的误用Thereexistssomenewproblemssuchasbeingdishonest 误 Thereexist arisesomenewproblemssuchasbeingdishonest 正 Therearemanystudentsthinkcollegeeducationisworthwhile 误 Therearemanystudentswhothinkcollegeeducationisworthwhile 正 11 动宾搭配不当Wemustpayattentiontoitandmakesolutionstotheproblem 误 Wemustpayattentionandfindasolutiontotheproblem 正 Italsomayhelpyoutomakesuccess 误 Itmayalsohelpyousucceed obtainyourgoal 正 12 根据中文逐字硬译Ifsomeone sfamilysituationisnotwell hecanapplyforloantobank 误 Ifone sfamilyisnotwelloff hecanapplytothebankforaloan 正 Letalonetouchtheoutsideworldofcampus 误 Letalonegetintouchwiththeworldoutsideofthecampus 正 keepagoodbodyhealth 误 keepfit 正 2 句型要有变化性 考生不可全以简单句拼凑文章 应主动使用复句 倒装 排比 平行结构及动词短语 体现出良好的语言驾驭能力 以形容词或形容词组开头Marywasverypleasedandtelephonedhermother Pleased Marytelephonedhermother Thegirl hungryandthirsty wentbackhome Hungryandthirsty thegirlwentbackhome 以副词开头Thechildstayedtherequietly Quietly thechildstayedthere 以不定式开头Hegotupveryearlytocatchthebus Tocatchthebus hegotupveryearly 以现在分词或过去分词开头IwasfilledwithanticipationwhenIcamehomefromschoolthatdarkwinter sdaysolongago Cominghomefromschoolthatdarkwinter sdaysolongago Iwasfilledwithanticipation Ifyougivemeenoughtime Icandoitwell Givenenoughtime Icandoitwell 以介词短语开头Chesterlikemanyotheradventurershadexperiencedfearandconqueredit Likemanyotheradventurers Chesterhadexperiencedfearandconqueredit 以同位语开头Sue ourmonitor alwayslikesgivingsuggestionstoeverybody Ourmonitor Sue alwayslikesgivingsuggestionstoeverybody 以从句开头Francishadalreadysurprisedhisfriendsseveraltimesbeforehesailedroundtheworldsingle handed Beforehesailedroundtheworldsingle handed Francishadalreadysurprisedhisfriendsseveraltimes Youwillgreatlyimproveyourfinishedproductifyouhaveaqualitycontrolinspection Ifyouhaveaqualitycontrolinspection youwillgreatlyimproveyourfinishedproduct 3 一定要学会换词 形象具体的代替太宽泛的 考试中一般不要出现good bad many thing think people opinion等等 eg Itis therefore hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat Thus itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively applicable代替proper approaches代替ways implement代替carryout sharpenone scompetitiveedge代替enhanceone scompetitiveness 提高某物竞争力 ComputerandI Ineverforgettheexceedinglythrillingdaywhenmymotherboughtmeacomputerasbirthdaypresent whichexertedatremendousfascinationonmesothatiindulgedmyselfingooglinganarmyofusefulinformationihadexpected andenjoyaseaofmelodiousclassicmusic ThatnightIwassleepless feelingthatthewholeworldbelongedtome exceedingly替换verythrilling替换excitingsth exertatremendousfascinationonsb替换sb beinterestedinsth google替换searchanarmyof aseaof替换alotof Thedawnofthenewcenturywitnessedtheincreasingpopularityofcomputers Coincidentwiththeadvancementofscienceandtechnology computerspouringintothecurrentsocietyasafashionareappealingtogrowingindividuals Itisnoexaggerationtosaywehavebeensubmergedbythem inlargemeasure Thedawnofthenewcenturywitnessed是一个精彩句型 用来描述在某个时期发生了什么事情 Increasingpopularity替换moreandmorepopularCoincidentwith 非常地道的词汇 表达 与 一致 的意思 替换With Advancement替换developmentPourinto floodinto swarminto 替换enterintoCurrent currently 替换nowAppealtosb 替换sb beinterestedinsth Growingindividuals替换moreandmorepeopleItisnoexaggerationtosay经典句型 说某事是毫不夸张的 Forastart wecan freely searchdesiredinformationatanymoment Littlebylittle ourknowledgewillbewellenriched andourhorizonswillbegreatlybroadened Additionally wecangethugerecreationsonlinebychatting playinggames ordeliveringemail Forastart替换TobeginwithWecan freely search用了插入语的写作手法Ourknowledgewillbewellenriched andourhorizonswillbegreatlybroadened用了非常精彩的被动Additionally替换Inaddition BesidesDeliver替换send Thereisnodenyingthat however computerscanfunctioninthedisserviceofhumanbeings inaway especiallythegrowingviolence pornpictures AV filmsemergingonthescreen whichleadsquietafewnetcitizenstocopying Thereisnodenyingthat however computerscanfunctioninthedisserviceofhumanbeings 这个句子有三个精彩之处 首先Thereisnodenyingthat这个句型 还有however作为插入语 functioninthedisserviceof替换doharmtoEmerging代替appearing fading代替disappearing Asaclassicproverbgoesthatnogardenhasnoweeds computersdoplayapositiveroleinthedevelopmentofpeople lives despiteasliceofunfavorableimpacts Weshould therefore takeadvantageofthefruitsandavoidtheoppositefacet Nogardenhasnoweeds替换EverycoinhastwosidesComputersdoplay do强调Positive替换important good等Asliceof替换apartofUnfavorable替换badImpacts替换effects influencesWeshould therefore takeadvantageof 使用插入语Fruits 而且fruits用的非常形象 merits virtues 替换advantages defects替换disadvantages Facet替换aspect 最经典的替换词1 individuals characters folks代替people persons2 positive favorable rosy 美好的 promising 有希望的 perfect pleasurable excellent outstanding代替good3 dreadful unfavorable poor adverse 有害的 belessimpressive代替badeg Anarmyofcollegestudentsindulgethemselvesinplayinggames enjoyingromancewithgirls boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms Whenitapproachestograduation asaresult theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive 4 anarmyof anoceanof aseaof amultitudeof many ifnotmost 代替many 注 用many ifnotmost一定要小心 many后一定要有词 Eg Manyindividuals ifnotmost harbortheideathat 同理用most ifnotall 代替most 5 asliceof quietafew several代替some6 harbortheideathat taketheattitudethat holdtheviewthat itiswidelysharedthat itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat 替think 因为是书面语 所以要加that 7 affair business matter代替thing8 shared代common9 reaphugefruits代替getmuchbenefit 10 formypart frommyownperspective代替inmyopinion11 Increasing ly growing代替moreandmore 注意没有growingly这种形式 所以当修饰名词时用increasing growing 修饰形容词 副词用increasingly Eg sthhasgainedgrowingpopularity Sthisincreasinglypopularwiththeadvancementofsth 12 exceedingly extremely替换very13 benefitial rewarding代替helpful14 shopper client consumer purchaser 代替customer15 thrilling替换exciting16 nevertheless代but17 sthappealstosb sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb代替sbbeinterestedin18 captureone sattention代替attractone sattention 19 facet demension sphere代aspect20 beindicativeof besuggestiveof befearfulof代indicate suggest fear21 giveriseto leadto resultin trigger代替cause22 magnificent cute pretty gorgeous代替beautiful23 desire代替want24 pourattentioninto代替payattentionto 25 bearinmindthat代替remember26 enjoy possess代替have27 interaction代替communication28 frownonsth代替beagainst disagreewithsth29 tonameonlyafew asanexample代替forexample30 nextto virtuallyimpossible 代替nearlyimpossible 后为精彩替换词 31 idea opinion notion standpoint perspective outlook32 reasonable rational sensible advisable33 consider ponder contemplate deliberate34 use utilize takeadvantageof35 deliver send convey transmit transfer36 serious severe austere stern37 obvious apparent evident transparent conspicuous38 important significant crucial critical vital fatal39 accordingto inaccordancewith basedon40 basic essential fundamental elemental elementary 41 main chief principal primary dominant predominant cardinal42 part portion section fraction43 public common ordinary extensive comprehensive44 task work assignment commission45 method way measure mode approach remedy 指补救的办法 46 famous distinguished prominent eminent striking47 catch capture grasp grip fig digest48 big enormous immense tremendous massive sweeping colossal gigantic49 search lookfor google ransack rummage50 finally eventually terminally ultimately 51 striking astonishing amazing 52 unbelievable incredible inconceivable53 prove justify confirm certify substantiate54 various diverse myriad multitudinous plex elaborated sophisticated complicated intricate56 unchanging permanent constant enduring57 instant momentary temporary ephemeral transient58 arbitrary武断的59 top summit culmination acme zenith peak60 improve promote accelerate boost enhance 61 explain interpret illustrate illuminate elucidate depict62 change alter convert transform diversify modify63 centre core kernel nucleus64 agree approvesb Ofsth consenttodo concurwithsb indoingsth 65 don tknow beignorantofsth 66 inorderto forthesakeof67 ability qualification capacity capability competence68 buy purchase procure69 about大约 approximate estimated70 rule principle regulation doctrine formula 71 give offersth tosb provide for supply for 72 traditional conventional conservative73 dangerous perilous hazardous precarious74 actually substantially practically75 careful cautious discreet prudent scrupulous76 old out of date obsolete ancient antiquated77 productive pregnant78 goodpart advantage merit strength79 brave gallant valiant intrepid80 excellent good splendid glorious brilliant magnificent marvelous 81 natural spontaneous instinctive inherent82 necessary compulsory obligatory mandatory83 finish accomplish consummate84 carryout implement85 about关于 prep regarding concerning86 difference divergence inconsistency discrepasy incongruity87 notclear ambiguous suspicious dubious implicit88 decisive crucial critical89 cause arouse trigger stimulate whet90 reform evolution innovation 91 city metropolis92 admit acknowledge concede93 avoid avert dodge evade94 start begin embarkonsth commencetodosth initiatesth 95 giveup abandon renounce relinquish96 destroy devastate demolish exterminate97 puzzle bewilder perplex mystify98 surface superficial ostensible99 thecampus theIvoryTower100 thenet internet thefictitiousworld theelectronicworld thecyberworld 101 alotof amultitudeof agalaxyof102 many myriad umpteen103 we thepublic theindividuals thefolks104 asaresult consequently105 popular prevalent 4 主题句放开头 作为应试手段 考生应现实地去争取做到开宗明义 将主题句 TopicSentence 放在每段开头 将提纲以主题句的形式放在每段开头表述出来 就可避免跑题 5 写好第一句话 这样容易给阅卷者留下一个好印象 最好能用上一个复句 里面要用上2 3个难的单词或词组 6 主动使用生动的成语 谚语及有说服力的引语 每次练习时 把这些成语 谚语 引语划出来 以强化主动使用的意识 例如 在论述求知的艰难时 可引用Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning 做学问无捷径可走 7 学会回避 譬如 想表示某人过着豪华的生活 可以说Helivedakindofluxuriouslife 但考生如不会写luxurious这个词 不妨回避 切勿生拼硬造 考生可以说Hehadacar abighouseandalargecompany breadcar microbus van MrKong teacherKong Confucius agreateducatorinthehistoryofChina 孟子是Menciustheboyputtingsheep theboysendingsheep theboyMUsheep shepherd thelittleboy 8 主动使用过渡词 例如使用firstly secondly tomakelongshort moreover however furthermore等等 这样 会使文章层次清晰 也使自己思路清楚 9 注意避免逻辑错误 例 1997年1月六级考试作文题目为HasteMakesWaste 一考生的第一段第一句为Thefasterthebetter becausetheycansavetimeinthisway 这样写显然不妥 因为这样写 就等于认定快并可以省时 10 适当用被动代替主动 句子开头不要总是用we I 比如写结尾时不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto 经典结尾 Itis therefore hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat Thus itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively 1 善于使用插入语 比如说把副词 连接词等 作插入语放在中间 一般放在主语 动词或者助动词后 两边分别加上逗号 如however therefore forexample Ibelieve做插入语放在中间 一般放在动词 助动词后 两边分别加上逗号 比如说 Otherindividuals however taketheattitudethat 2 字数要足够 但不要写得太长 四级在120 180之间 六级在150 200之间 否则容易引起阅卷者的反感 3 卷面要整洁 卷面潦草字迹不清的文章 常常还没有看到内容就会使人产生厌恶 14 择语的准确性Donotwritesothatyourwordsmaybeunderstood butwritesothatyourwordsmustbeunderstood Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmost rightwordisasgreatasthatbetweenlightingandthelightingbug MarkTwain 15 多余的或转弯抹角的词语都不利于明白地表达思想莎士比亚的名言 Brevityisthesoulofwit 相当于汉语的 言贵简洁 mutualaid toeachother mutual aidtoeachother anentirely completeconfidence repeatthequestion again Return back fromabroad etc Task1 Replacetheunderlinedparts 1 Inmyopinion thosewhoareagainsttheInternetthinkthatithasalotofadvantages Frommyperspective theopponentsoftheInternetholdtheviewthatithasanumberofadvantages Task1 Replacetheunderlinedparts 2 Ingeneral wecansafelydrawtheconclusionthatmovingtosuburbisgoodtoacity sgrowth Inaword wecansafelycometo arriveattheconclusionthatmovingtosuburbbenefitsacity sdevelopment Task1 Replacetheunderlinedparts 3 Ontheonehand theteachershouldpunishthelazystudents ontheotherhand suchphenomenashouldbereported Foronething theteachershouldimposepunishmentonthelazystudents Foranother suchphenomenashouldbereported Task1 Replacetheunderlinedparts 4 Inthecurrentsociety somepeopledreamofmakingmuchmoneyovernightandtakeriskstoproducepiratedproducts Inthepresentsociety somepeopledreamofmakingafortuneovernightandtakeriskstoproducepiratedproducts Task1 Replacetheunderlinedparts 5 Nowadays everyoneofushasbeenfacedwithmanyinstancesofdishonesty Nowadays everyoneofushasbeenconfrontedwithmanycasesofdishonesty Task1 Replacetheunderlinedparts 6 Butinsomecases talkingistherightchoice Nevertheless undersomecircumstances talkingistherightchoice 或者onsomeoccasions insomesituations TaskII Extensionofsimplesentence 1 Now thesocietyneedstalents Itisself evidentthatthepresentfast developingsocietycallsfo