高中一年级英语复习.doc

4.201.Transport (N/VT)运输，输送Eg.The transport of goods by air is very expensive.They transported the goods from the factory to the airport.练习：1. You can get to Hongkong using different kinds of _ ,by air,by wateror by land ?A. travel B. transport C.ways D. methods2.prefer v. 宁愿；更喜欢 (1) prefer + n. / pron. The boy preferred a detective story. (2) prefer + v. -ing Do you prefer living abroad? (3) prefer + to do She prefers to live among the working people. (4) prefer sb. to do sth. She preferred him to stay at home. (5) prefer + n. / pron. / doing + to + n. / pron. / doing 喜欢而不喜欢 I prefer the town to the country. / While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing. (6) prefer to do.rather than do = would rather do . than do. 宁愿而不愿 I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. (7) prefer + 从句(谓语动词用should do，should可省略) She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen.3.Ever since从那以后（常与现在完成时连用）Eg.We have been friends ever since.4.Dream about=dream of +n。/dong 梦想，梦见Eg.My young brother dreamed about becoming a teacher.练习：1.Oh！Its you!Iv never_meeting you here.A. dreamed of B. dreamed C. dreamed up D. dreamed away5.wool un.羊毛 毛织品 woollen adj. 羊毛制的6.reliable adj. 可信赖的 可靠的. rely v. 依靠，依赖rely on / upondepend on / upon 依靠，依赖count on It / That depends.视情况而定7.at midnight 在午夜eg. She left the party at midnight.类似短语：at dawn 在黎明at noon 在中午at dusk 在夜晚on a rainy night 在一个雨夜8.We can hardly wait to see than!can hardly wait to do/for sth.can not wait . 迫不及待/急切地做某事eg. They can hardly wait to see their son at once. I cant wait for his answer.完成句子1.We _ wait for our aummer vocation.(迫不及待地想放暑假)2.When the children were told that they could go tothe USA, they could_to tell their best friends. A.not call B.never wait C.hardly call D.hardly wait9.Insist 坚持 坚决主张+that sb.(should)do 虚拟语气 坚持说 +that+ 陈述语气eg.We all insisted that he(should)have a rest. She insisted that she was an honest girl. insist on doing坚持做某事 eg. she insist on our going to Beijing by air. 练习 He insisted that he_ it and that he_ free .A.didnt do , was set B.hasnt done ,is set C.hadnt done ,be set D.hadnt done should set 10.Persuade说服,劝服(+into/out of)常见短语: persuade sb. to do sth. =persuade sb. into doing sth.persuade sb. not to do sth. =persuade sb. out of doing sth.Eg：She persuaded me into buying it.The salesman persuaded us to buy his product.使某人相信(+of)+that常见短语: persuade sb. of sth.persuade sb. that从句eg：How can I persuade you of my sincerity?We worked hard to persuade them that we were genuinely interested in the project.Persuade 指成功说服。Try to persuade sb to do sth.Advise sb to do sth ,不一定成功说服。练习：1. -I _him to give up smoking. -Did he agree to ? -No. A. advise B. persuade C. suggested D.insisted convince vt. 使相信/信服,说服;使承认;使悔悟;使认错/罪常见短语:convince sb. of./that从句 使某人承认，使某人信服convince oneself of./that从句 充分弄明白/清楚be convinced of./that从句 确信， 承认11.graduate(v)毕业 （n）大学毕业生graduate from毕业于Eg.He graduated from high school two years ago.My brother is a graduate of Jinlin University.翻译练习：1. 他毕业于哈佛大学.（Harvard）2. 我姐姐是一名北京大学的毕业生。12.Finally (ad)最后，终于Eg.She finally agreed with me.13.Organise 组织.成立 （n）organization eg.John organised the party. 练习 1.Everything should he_ before party. A.realized B.organised C.recognised D.completed14.Care about 关心.惦念eg.The young should care about the old.类似短语care for 照顾.照料.喜欢 take care小心 take care of/ look after 照顾练习1.I didnt think Jack_ what happens to his family.A.care for B.cares about C.takes notes of D.care of 15.Determined adj.坚决的.有决心的determine vt.坚决.下定决心determine to do sth.动作 决心做be determined to do sth .状态determine on doing sth决心做练习1.They determined on an early start . They determined _ _ early.2._to do well, Tom studied as hard as he could. A. Determining B. Determined C. To determine D. Determine16.Change ones mind/make up ones mind练习They have_ to take part in the sports meeting . A.made up their mind B.made their minds C.made into their minds D.made up their minds17.journey 旅行.旅程 go on/make a journey 到.旅行区别:journey ..voyage1.journey 一般指较长时间或长距离旅游2.trip 指往返的短途旅游3.travel 泛指一切旅游5.voyage指乘船的海上旅行18.altitude 高度 attitude 态度看清attitude to/towards sb./sth对某人或某事的态度/看法练习：1.Whats your attitude_this plan?A.in B.of C.to D.on.once “一旦” 引导条件状语从句eg. Once you understand the rules,physics id easy to learn.类似短语： at once 立刻，马上 once again 再一次 once in a while 偶尔练习1.You will be successful_you have confidence(信心). A.before B.once C.until D.though19.give in 屈服/投降 give in to sb. 向某人屈服eg. He never gives in easily to others.类似短语： give away 赠送 颁发 give back 归还 give up 放弃 give off 释放句型诠释现在进行时的用法(is / am / are + doing)1. 表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。 Look! The monkey is climbing the banana tree.2. 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(说话时动作不一定正在进行。) We are preparing for the meeting to be held next Friday now.3. 表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹、惊讶、厌恶等。(常与always, constantly, continually, all the time, forever 等副词连用)，表反复的动作。He is always think- ing of others. (表赞许) She is always asking the same question. (表厌恶) You are always changing your mind. (表抱怨)4. 表示在最近计划或安排要进行的动作。常用于go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, work, stay 等表移动、方向的动词。He is starting the work in a few minutes. / He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning. 注意 1. 不用进行时的词有: (1) 系动词: feel, sound, smell, taste, look, appear, seem, remain, prove 等。(2) 表结果的感官动词: see, notice, hear 等。(3) 非延续性的动词，此动作开始即是结束：enter, accept, receive等。(4) 表心理状态，存在状态，拥有的动词：love, like, hate, care, dislike, respect, prefer, know, understand, forget, remember, believe, want, wish, hope, mind, agree, belong to, depend on, own, have等。2. 用进行时的特殊词有系动词get, turn, grow, become, go, come, fall 等表由一种状态转入另一种状态时，用进行时表示渐近。Today, many rivers that were polluted are getting cleaner and cleaner. 当今，许多过去遭污染的河流又变得越来越清澈了。比较现在进行时表将来的用法与一般将来时的区别：(1) 现在进行时表近期的，事先已经计划安排好的- How are you getting to the airport?- By taxi. Bob is coming with me to the airport.(2) will do 和 shall do 表客观将来。shall用于第一人称，will用于第一、二、三人称。I will / shall finish middle school next month. 表有科学根据的预测。The weather report says it will rain tomorrow. 表客观必然。Man will make mistakes.(3) be going to 表现在打算在近期或将来要做某事。Im going to finish my homework tonight. 表根据已有迹象的预测。Its so dark outside, I think its going to rain. be going to不与come, go连用，而用be coming, be going 形式。Mary is coming here this evening.注意表计划、安排、规定要做的事，用“be + to do”。此外，表示按时刻表运行的动作常用一般现在时表将来。The meeting is to be held at 9:00 a. m. / Our plane leaves at 6:00 a. m. .牛刀小试31. _ you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. (2004 吉林)A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless2. Now that youve got a chance, you _ make full use of it. (NMET 1999)A. had better to B. might as wellC. might as well as D. would rather3. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester. (2004 天津)A. that B. until C. since D. before4. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _? (2004 上海春招)A. didnt they B. dont theyC. mustnt they D. havent they5. The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadnt expected. (2000 北京春招)A. when B. that C. which D. what精典题例1. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. (NMET 2002春上海) A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut2. Twenty-three hours has passed after the explosion in the mine, but rescue efforts to recover the missing _ carried out. A. are still being B. have already beenC. are always D. will soon be3. - When are you leaving? - My plane _ at 10:45.A. takes off B. took off C. is about to take off D. will take off4. - Excuse me, what time is it now? - Sorry, my watch _. It _ at the shop. A. isnt working; is being repaired B. doesnt work; is being repaired C. isnt working; is repaired D. doesnt work; is repaired5. John, who is considered _ a warm-hearted man, is considering _ his neighbor out of trouble.A. to be; to help B. to be; helpingC. being; to help D. being; helping6. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A. until B. when C. before D. as7. - There is something wrong with my bike.- It doesnt matter. I _ lend you mine.A. am to B. am going to C. was going to D. will8. Children at the beginning of this century _ a lot and _ themselves greatly even without television.A. used to read; enjoying B. used to read; enjoyedC. were used to reading; enjoyD. were used to read; enjoyingAt one point we were so high that we fond ourselves cycling through clouds.so.that. 和such.that. 都能连接结果状讲从句，但要注意词序不同。例如：Joan is such a lonely girl that all of us like her. = She is so lovely a girl that we all like her.常见句型：(1) such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that clause(2) such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + that clause(3) such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that clause(4) so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that clause(5) so + 形容词 / 副词 + that clause(6) so + many / few + 复数可数名词 + that clause(7) so + much / little + 不可数名词 + that clause注意： 当little不表示数量“少”而表示“小”的意思时，仍然 要用such。 当so + adj. / adv. 或 such + n. 位于句首时，主句需要倒装。【考例】 So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (2001上海)A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel难点句型1.Along the way childre