精读教案3-14.doc

课次 3-14课程名称商务英语精读授课教师授课班级商务英语10-301授课日期本次课题Lesson Four (2) Word Usage and Synonym Discrimination 教学目的和技能要求 Students will learn something about the unemployment in the U.S.A. To train the comprehensive ability教学设计:重点、难点: 1. To introduce something about synonym discrimination2. To teach how to paraphrase some words and phrases能力培养: 1. To learn something about the paraphrasing 2.To train the comprehensive ability in words 德育 By learning Intensive Reading, to train the students interest of learning Intensive Reading ; to train rigorous, realistic spirit and the best quality of constantly enterprising, blazing the new trails.教学方法: 讲授法（主要） 教学内容摘要:A. 1. Revision 2. Word Usage3. Synonym Discrimination 4. Relative exercises B. 归纳小结：To sum up this learning content and the situation in attending a lecture C. 练习 To check up while in classD. 辅导答疑：Collective or individual for questions and answersE. 布置本节课作业：To preview the text 参考资料1. 大学英语教程 Book 3 主编 杨立民 2. 大学英语教程教师参考书3. 牛津英汉双解词典教学后记大庆职业学院备课用纸第页 The Main Teaching Process and Arrangement Step Warming-up 新课引入A: 【复习】 1 Dictation on new words and drills2 Evaluation on homework and quiz for the previous lesson B: 【设问】 To ask some questions about some synonym discrimination of the words so as to introduce what we are going to learn in this period Step Presentation 讲授新课 Word Usage and Synonym Discrimination【讲解,提问并回答】a. To read new words and expressionsb. To question on reading c. To explain some of them Step PracticeA: Guided Practice【指导练习】 To do Ex. 9 (C)B: Oral practice【口头练习】 To question on translating words and expressionsC: Independent Practice【独立练习】 To do Ex. 9 (A)D: Check up 【随堂检测】 Step Summary1. To learn word usages 2. To learn synonym discrimination 3. To do some exercises Step Assignment To preview the text15 回忆曾学过的内容并回答，导入新课55 15 32 Teaching Material Darken Your Graying Hair and Hide Your Fright重点知识A 重点词汇Verbs: encounter, outlive, revise, ridicule, ease, skim ,frown.Nouns: fright, resume, personnel, vacancy, sphinx, countenance, junk .Adjs/Advs: reasonably, skepticalB.重点短语to provide with; to go through; to work against; in pursuit of; within reach; to know of; in lieu of; to turn down; in particular; to skim off; to have a half-dozen irons in the fire; to have trouble doing sth; in touch with重点知识精解1.encountera)及物动词，意为“遇到.碰到，遭遇” meet by chance; run into /across; come across.-On his way home he encountered one of his old friends.回家的路上他碰见了一位老朋友。b)名词，意为“偶遇；遭遇战”。-It was the encounter with John that delayed him.他途中遇到了约翰，所以来晚了。-Many men were killed in the encounter。遭遇战中许多士兵都战死了。辨析：encounter和meet；这两个词都可表示“碰到，遇见”，但encounter比较正式，有“偶然遇到”的含义。试比较：-He promised to meet her at the airport.他答应到机场接她。-On the train I encountered an old friend of mine who I had not ages.在火车上遇到了一位多年未见的老朋友。2. outlive及物动词，意为：a)“老到超过.的程度”.-I had outlived my usefulness.我老得已不中用了.b)“比.活得长”.同survive.-He outlived his wife.他比他妻子活得时间长.c)“度过”.同live through, outlast-We must outlive this war.我们必须渡过这场战争.3.ridiculea)及物动词,意 “嘲笑,挖苦,奚落”.同mock.-Why do you ridicule that man? 你为什么要讥笑那个人呢?b)名词,意为 “嘲笑,挖苦,奚落”.in ridicule of 嘲笑to hold sb./ sth. to ridicule 嘲笑某人(某事)to turn into ridicule 嘲笑,讥讽,挖苦good-natured/merciless ridicule 善意(无情)的嘲弄.辨析ridicule和 mock; 二者有 “嘲笑,挖苦,奚落,”之意.ridicule 不一定会含有恶意的.-Why did you ridicule his proposal?你为什么嘲笑他的建议?mock往往有一种轻蔑的嘲笑,而且常指用模仿的方法,有喧闹和放肆的含义.-Dont mock the country fellow.不要嘲弄那乡下人了.形容词ridiculous派生于 ridicule,意为 “可笑的,荒谬的,滑稽的”.5.ease1)及物动词,意为a)“减轻,使缓和”.同relieve.-Take this medicine, it will ease your headache.把药吃下去,它可以减轻头痛.b)“使安心,使平静”.-The pilots calm manner eased the passengers fears.飞行员沉着的表现使乘客不用担心.c)“放松,放宽”.-He eased the collar他松开了衣领.2)名词,意为a)“舒适,安逸”.-He felt quite at ease when he stayed with us.他跟我们在一起一点也不感到拘束.b)“容易,不费事”.-That is not difficult , I could do it with ease. 这事不难,我可以毫不费劲地办成.c)“安详,自然大方”.-The hostess greeted her guests with ease.女主人落落大方地向客人们问候.与ease搭配的常用词语”to ease sb. of sth.使某人解脱(消除)at ease舒适,无拘束ill at ease不舒适,感到拘束with ease轻而易举地,毫不费劲地to put/set sb. at ease使某人不感到拘束6.skim1)及物动词,意为a) “撇去(液体)的漂浮物;从液体表面撇去(奶油,浮渣等)”.同ladle, scoop.-She skims the cream from the milk.她从牛奶上面撇取奶油.b) “略读,浏览.” 同look through; brush over; scan .-Dont read the report word for word now, just skim it .现在别逐字看报告,浏览一下就可以了.2)不及物动词,意为a) “掠过,滑过”.同sail ; fly -The motor-boat skimmed over the water.摩托艇在水面上滑过.b) “浏览,略读”-I usually skim through my teaching notes before the class.课前我通常常浏览一下备课笔记.7 frowna)不及物动词,意为 “皱眉”.-When she frowns, you know shes angry.她一皱眉头,你就会知道她生气了.b)及物动词,意为 “皱眉使.”-She frowned him into silence.她皱眉蹙额使他不敢作声.名词,意为 “皱眉;皱纹”.-He silenced me with a frown.看见他皱眉头,我不再作声了.-There was a deep frown on his face.他脸上有很深的皱纹.与frown搭配的常用短语:to frown on /upon不赞成,不以为然to frown at 对. 皱眉蹙额to frown down用皱眉蹙额压制住(某人使不敢讲话)8 比较fright, fear, dread ,terror, horror, panic这些名词都有 “害怕,恐惧”之意fright常指突然,暂时的恐惧.-The mouse gave her a fright. 老鼠吓了她一跳. fear是普通用语,指由于危险或灾祸临近而引起的恐惧.-She was half dead with fear. 她吓了个半死.dread 指由于预知将发生不愉快和危险的事情而引起的一种极大的恐惧.-She is in dread of poverty.她害怕过穷日子.terror 有 “心惊胆战,不寒而栗”的含义.-The terror of the soldiers in the combat was vividly described in the book.书中生动描绘了士兵在战斗中极度恐惧的情景.horror 常指感到厌恶的恐怖,战栗-The sight of blood always cause me horror. 一见血我就感到十分恐惧.panic指狂乱的,盲目的恐惧,尤指突然而来的,无法控制并很快蔓延开来的,众人的惊慌失措.-The cry of “fire!” created a panic. “着火了!”的喊叫声使人们惊惶失措9 比较resumerezju(:)mei 和resumerizju:m这两个词形似,但发音和意义却截然不同.resume是英语从法语中借来的一个名词,其意义是 (谋职者等所写的)个人简历;摘要, 梗概”.resume.是动词, 意为 “恢复; (把已停顿的事)重新开始”.The employer wanted to see his resume.雇主要看一看他的简历The professor gave a resume of the major points of his lecture.教授概述了他所讲的主要内容.They resumed their journey after a short rest.休息一会之后,他们又重新上路了.well resume working at 2oclock 我们两点钟再接着干.10 比较personnel 和personal这是一对在词形上极易混淆的词，二者的发音、词性和意义均不同；personnel名词，意为a)“集合名词全体人员；全体人员；全体职员”。b)“人事”。personal形容词，意为a)“个人的，私人的”b)“本人的，亲自的”。There were five personnel on the plane.飞机上有五位机组人员There personnel department is on the second floor.人事处在二楼Id like to have a personal interview with the hero. 我要亲自会见这位英雄。dontthink our personal interest is as important as those of the people 我认为与人民的利益相比，个人的利益是次要的。11countenance1) 名词，意为a)“面部表情；面容”。I could read from his countenance that he was angry从他的表情上看，我知道他生气。She has a fine and sweet countenance她有美丽可爱的容貌。 b)“赞同，支持”。We could not give countenance to such an illegal act .我们不会支持这样的不法行为。）及物动词，意为“支持，鼓励”。We can never countenance a war of aggression.我们坚持反对侵略战争。与countenance搭配的常用短语：to be out of countenance 不高兴，生气to find no countenance in得不到的支持to give/lend countenance to sb. 鼓励（支持，赞成）某人to have the countenance of 得到的支持12.junk名词，意为“废弃的旧物，垃圾；质量低劣的东西”。同old useless things 或者说material of poor quality.There was a lot of junk stuck to the bottom of the trash barrel.垃圾桶底部粘了许多垃圾。is writing is all junk.他的作品一文不值。注意下列短语：junk mail 大量胡乱邮寄的商品广告。junk food 坏食物。junk shop旧船具商店，古董商店junk man 废旧物商人junk market废旧物市场13.skeptical形容词，意为“怀疑的，不相信的。”Im skeptical of /about the teams chances of winning.我对该队获胜的可能性表示怀疑。He listened to me with a skeptical expression.他带着怀疑的的表情听我讲。14.to provide with to provide with 意为“提供，供给”。ur government provides children with a good education我们的政府为儿童提供了良好的教育。与provide 搭配的其它短语：to provide against 预防，防备to provide under 根据（法律）提供（某物）15.to go througha)在本课中意为“遭受，蒙受，经历”。同sufferHe went through many bard ships during the war . 他在战争期间经历了千辛万苦。b)“（议案）获通过”。The bill failed to go through this time.那项提案这次未获通过。C) “（交易等）成功”。After a great deal of bargaining. the deal at last went through.经过一再讨价还价，那笔买卖终于成交了。d)“穿过，经过，通过，透过。”The piano wont go through this narrow entrance ,it will have to come in through the window .无法把钢琴从狭窄的门口抬进去，只有从窗口送进去。e)“完成，做完，看完”。Ill try to go through the book as quickly as I can . 我将尽快把那本书看完。f)“（仔细）检查，审查”。We must go through the account books together; theres still some money missing.我们必须一起检查一下这些帐簿，还有一些款项对不上帐 。g)“用完，花无，消耗掉”。Have you already gone through all the money I gave you ?你把我给你的钱都花光了吗？与go through 搭配的短语：to go through hell and high water 赴汤蹈火，经历千难万险to go through the motions 敷衍，假做样子（不真干）to go through(the)proper channel通过正当途径to go through sbs hands经某人的手to go through with 进行到底。16.to work againsta)“对（某人或某事）不利，使（某人或某事）失败的可能性增大。”His inexperience works against his chance of success.经验不足对他的成功不利。b)“努力反对，竭力反对”。Some people are working against reform 一些人竭力阻挠改革。与work as 做工作，从事职业。to work at 从事于，致力于（某事或做某事）；钻研（某事）to work is it 继续努力；坚持做下去。to work down 磨损，减少，削弱（某物）to work in 钻入，插入，穿入。to work in with 与（其他人或观点）合得来。to work off 脱落下来，变松而掉下来。to go work on 不停（连续）工作；对做工作；对施加影响。to work out 弄出来；算出；解决。to work ones way 费劲地（到达某处）行事。to work to 按行事17.in pursuit of 意为“追赶；追求”。They immediately set out in pursuit of the enemy. 他们立即出动，追击敌人。18.within reach意为“伸手可及；可以达到；容易理解”。常用的一个短语是within reach of sth;与其相反的短语是beyond/out of /above reach of .意为“无法达到的；力所不能及的；无法理解的。”like to have my reference books within my reach.我喜欢把参考收放到顺手可取的地方。Put the medicine out of the childrens reach. 把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。He was beyond the reach of human aid . 任何人都帮不上他的忙。The problem is beyond the reach of my understanding.这个问题我无法理解。19.to know of 意为“听说过，知道（有）”.同have heard of. 注意:know与know of 不同。二者的区别在于，前者是“目睹”， 后者只不过是“耳闻”罢了。know “认识，熟悉，了解” know of “耳闻” I dont know the writer .but I know of him.我不认识这位作家，但我听说过他。20. in lieu of 意为“作为的替代”，同instead of .但二者相比，in lieu of 更正式，所以我们通常更倾向于使用instead of.He gave us an I.O.U.(I owe you)in lieu of cash他给了我们一张借据，而不是现金。21.to turn downa)“拒绝”。Why was I turned down for the job? Is it because Im a woman?为什么不让我做那项工作？因为我是女人吗？b) “（把某物）折起来；翻下来”。Please dont turn down the corners of the pages 请不要折书页。c)“把翻下；把向下折转”。He turned down the brim of his straw hat to keep off the strong sunshine. 他把草帽边向下翻以挡住强烈的阳光。We turned down all the cards on