Unit 7 The Call of the Wild教学教材.ppt

ExtensivereadingUnit7Book1 TheCalloftheWild byJackLondon Learningobjectives Inthisunityouwill befamiliarwithJackLondonandhisworksgetsomeknowledgeoftheKlondikeGoldRushappreciatethelanguageandwritingskillinthisnoveltakeatestonfastreadinglearntoguessmeaningsofwordsfromcontext Unitoverview Pre readingdiscussion Backgroundinformation Textanalysis Post readingdiscussion Exercises Readingskills Relatedinformation Pre readingdiscussion Howdoyouunderstandtheword call inthetitle HowdoesTheCalloftheWildpresentthehuman dogrelationship Backgroundinformation JackLondon 1876 1916 JackLondonwasthemostpopularnovelistandshortstorywriterofhisday Hewrotepassionatelyandprolificallyaboutthegreatquestionsoflifeanddeath thestruggletosurvivewithdignityandintegrity JackLondon In1898 JackLondonwenttoKlondikeforgoldmining AftersufferingtheSepsis 败血症 hisdreamofbeingagoldminerbroken Atthesametime hegotplentyofwritingmaterials Hewovetheseelementalideasintostoriesofhighadventurebasedonhisownfirsthandexperiences Jack slifeexperiences Beingalaborer factoryworker oysterpirateontheSanFranciscoBay memberoftheCaliforniaFishPatrol sailor railroadhobo 流浪汉 andgoldprospector hislifeexperiencescontributedalottohisprolificwritings TheSailor TheGoldProspector theRancher JackLondon sbelief Iwouldratherbeashesthandust Iwouldratherthatmysparkshouldburnoutinabrilliantblazethanitshouldbestifledbydry rot Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor everyatomofmeinmagnificentglow thanasleepyandpermanentplanet Theproperfunctionofmanistolive nottoexist Ishallnotwastemydaysintryingtoprolongthem Ishallusemytime TheCalloftheWild TheCalloftheWild 1903 isaworldfamousanimalstory SetinAlaskaduringtheKlondikeGoldRushofthelate1890s Thestoryrecordsthe decivilization ofBuckasheanswers thecallofthewild aninherentmemoryofprimitiveoriginstowhichheinstinctivelyresponds TheCalloftheWild TheCalloftheWildisthefirstandforemoststoryaboutadog itdisplaysaphilosophicaldepthabsentinmostanimaladventures Oldlongingsnomadicleap 野性沉入长眠 Chafingatcustom schain 希望终难泯灭 Againfromitsbrumalsleep挣脱习惯锁链 Wakenstheferinestrain 踏入冰雪荒野间 TheKlondikeGoldRush TheKlondikeGoldRush 克朗代克淘金热 wasamigrationbyanestimated100 000prospectorstotheKlondikeregionoftheYukoninnorth westernCanadabetween1896and1899aftergoldwasdiscoveredtherebylocalminersonAugust16 1896 PrespectersascendingtheChilkootPass 1898 TheKlondikeGoldRush KlondikecouldonlybereachedbytheYukonRivereitherupstreamfromitsdelta downstreamfromitsheadorfromsomewhereinthemiddlethroughitstributaries Travelingeneralwasmadedifficultbyboththegeographyandclimate TheKlondikeGoldRush Aidsforthetravelerstocarrytheirsuppliesvaried somehadbroughtdogs horses mulesoroxen whereasothershadtorelyoncarryingtheirequipmentontheirbacksoronsledspulledbyhand TheKlondikeGoldRush TheeventsoftheKlondikegoldrushrapidlybecameembeddedinNorthAmericanculture beingcapturedinpoems stories photographsandpromotionalcampaignslongaftertheendofthestampede ThewriterJackLondonincorporatedscenesfromthegoldrushintohisnovelssetintheKlondike includingTheCalloftheWild anovelaboutasledgedog Textanalysis Determiningthemainidea Themainideaofthetextisthat itwasnoteasyforBuck adogfromthesouth toliveinthenorthBuck adogfromthesouth begantolearnlessonfromthehardlifeinthenorthsomepeoplewereevilenoughtostealdogsandsellthemformoneyBuckthedogwasexposedtoharshexperiencesinthenorth While readingquestions Howmanypartscanthetextbedividedinto What sthemainideaofeachpart InwhataspectwasBuckdifferentfromthedogsinJudgeMiller splace WhatisthefunctionofthedetaileddescriptionofBuck scomfortablelifeinMr Miller shouse Whatisthe lawofclubandfang Whatdoesitrepresent HowisBuckintroducedtoit Textstructure Part1Happylifeinthesouth WhatkindoflifedoesBucklive InwhataspectwasBuckdifferentfromthedogsinJudgeMiller splace WhatisthefunctionofthedetaileddescriptionofBuck scomfortablelifeinMr Miller shouse Part1Happylifeinthesouth WhatkindoflifedoesBucklive Theopeningofthenovelsetsinthesunny comfortableworldofJudgeMiller sestate whereBucklivesinspoiled lordlycontentment Part1Happylifeinthesouth InwhataspectwasBuckdifferentfromthedogsinJudgeMiller splace Buckwaschiefdog Buckwasbornhereandhasbeenlivedhere BuckhasbeenregardedasonefamilymemberandenjoyedthelifewiththeJudgeMillerfamily Part1Happylifeinthesouth WhatisthefunctionofthedetaileddescriptionofBuck scomfortablelifeinMr Miller shouse Toformasharpcontrastbetweentwoworlds thesunny comfortableworldofJudgeMiller sestate andtheharsh frigidworldoftheKlondike whereheisdraggedagainsthiswill Part2Onthejourney HowcouldManuelleadBuckawayfromtheestate WhatdidthemaninaredcoattaughtBuck Howdoyouunderstandthesentence Buckwasbeatenbuthewasnotbroken Part2Onthejourney HowcouldManuelleadBuckawayfromtheestate WhenBuckwasledoutbyManuel thegardener whoneededmoneyforhisbigfamily hethoughtitwasjustanormaleveningwalk Part2Onthejourney WhatdidthemaninaredcoattaughtBuck Bucklearnedthathestoodnochanceagainstamanwithaclub Part2Onthejourney Howdoyouunderstandthesentence Buckwasbeatenbuthewasnotbroken OutwardlyBuckwasnowinamiserableshapeandcondition butinwardlyhemaintainedhisfirmnessandsteadiness Part3Lifeinthenorth WhydidBuckhateSpitz Whatisthe lawofclubandfang Whatdoesitrepresent HowisBuckintroducedtoit CanyouusesomewordstodescribeBuck Part3Lifeinthenorth WhydidBuckhateSpitz StoleBuck sfoodKeptlaughingwhenCurlydied Part3Lifeinthenorth Whatisthe lawofclubandfang Whatdoesitrepresent Itreferstothatman havingthegreaterforce isthemaster TheweakmustsubmitandservethewilloftheconquerororbekilledStrength notjustice isthecentralvalue Part3Lifeinthenorth HowisBuckintroducedtoit Bucklearnsthislessonfromtwoevents Thefirstoneteacheshimaboutthepowerofviolenceandabouttheneedtogiveinwhenthreatenedbyasuperiorforce BucklearnsthelawofthefangwhenhearrivesinCanadaandwatchesoneofhisfellowdogs afemaledognamedCurly torntopiecesbyapackofhuskies Part3Lifeinthenorth CanyouusesomewordstodescribeBuck Intelligent understandtoobeyamanwithaclub learntosledwellquicklyRebellious reactingtothekidnapHardworking enjoyedhisworkStrong Relatedinformation Majorthemes Thefollowingthemesareevidentinthestory AdaptionAdventureConflictCourageanddeterminationDeathInterdependenceLeadershipSurvivalNature sunpredictability InfluenceofCharlesDarwin sandFriedrichNietzsche stheories Darwin thefoundingfatherofevolutiontheory taughtthatlifeinthenaturalworldconsistedofaconstantstruggleforsurvival inwhichonlythestrongcouldthriveandproduceoffspring This survivalofthefittest asHerbertSpencer anEnglishphilosopher termedit wastheenginethatdroveevolution TheworldthatLondoncreatesinTheCalloftheWildoperatesstrictlyaccordingtoDarwinistprinciplesinitsbrutalityandamorality onlythefitsurviveinthecruellandscapeoftheKlondike influenceofCharlesDarwin sandFriedrichNietzsche stheories NietzschewasaGermanphilosopherwhopreachedthedoctrineofthe willtopower asthedrivingforcebehindsociety Moralconsiderationsweremeaningless hedeclared andallmembersofhumanitywereeithermasters driventodominateothers orslaves driventosubmit Londontransposesthisschemetotheanimalworld usingNietzscheanlanguagerepeatedlytodescribeBuck squesttoachievemasteryanddominionoverhisenemies Post readingdiscussion WhatroledoMercedes Hal andCharlesplayinthenovel Howdotheyfunctionasembodimentsoftheworstsideofcivilization ComparetherolesofJohnThorntonandJudgeMiller Who fromthenovel spointofview isthebettermaster Defendyouranswer Whatisthe callofthewild HowdoesitaffectBuck sbehaviorthroughoutthenovel Readingskills GuessingMeaningsofWordsfromContext I ConceptSynonymcluesAntonymclues Concept Contextheremeanswords phrases orsentencessurroundingawordandthesituationinwhichitisused Whenyoucomeacrossanewwordinyourreading beforelookingitupinadictionary veryoftenyoucanguessitsmeaningfromitscontext Thereareoftenspecificwords contextclues inasentenceorparagraphthatcanhelpyoudeterminethemeaningofanunfamiliarword Synonymclues Synonymsarewordsorphrasesthataresimilarinmeaningtootherwords Asentencewithadifficultwordoftencontainsamorefamiliarwordtomakeiteasytounderstand Youmayrecognizesomesynonymsbecausetheyaresetapartbycommas dashes orparentheses Usually asynonymcontextclueappearstobeofthesamepartofspeechasthenewword Synonymclues Forexample Thehullabalooexpressespeople shighspiritsatholidaytime Manyyearsago however theloudnoisesweremeanttoscareawaytheevilspirits thusgivingthenewyearafreshstart Hullabaloo isanouninthesentence Thephrasethathasthesamemeaningandpartofspeechis loudnoises So loudnoises isasynonymcontextclueto hullabaloo Antonymclues Antonymsarewordsorphrasesthathaveoppositemeaningstootherwordsorphrases Recognizingthatcertainwordswhichoftensignalanantonymcluecanhelpyouunderstandnewwords Wordsorphraseslike or but while asopposedto and ontheotherhand oftensignalantonymclues Antonymclues Forexample LindamanagesmoneyjudiciouslywhileImanagemoneyunwisely Theword while signalstheantonym unwisely youcanreasonthat unwisely istheoppositeof judiciously thus judiciously means unwisely Practice A Determinethemeaningofeachitalicizedwordbyidentifyingitspartofspeechandlocatingitssynonym B Locatethewordorphrasethatsignalstheantonymclueandunderlineit Thenunderlinetheantonymclue Finally selectthebestmeaningfortheitalicizedword PracticeA 1 NewYear sDayisthoughtofasagoodtimetomakeNewYear sresolutions thedecisionstodobetterintheyearjustbeginningthanyoudidintheyearthatjustended resolutionsisa an Itmeans noun decisions PracticeA 2 Makesure too