北师大版高中英语必修5Unit15学案Grammar.doc

虚拟语气条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，主句与从句皆用陈述语气；非真实条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，主句与从句皆用虚拟语气。下面，我们一起来学习虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。从句谓语形式主句谓语形式例句表示与现在事实 相 反动词的过去式（be 动词一般用were）would / should / could / might + 动词原形if there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.if i knew his telephone number, i would tell you.表示与过去事实 相 反had +过去分词would / should / could / might + have +过去分词if he had come yesterday, i would have told him about the news. but he didnt.表示与将来事实可能相 反 were to + 动词原形should +动词原形would / should / could / might + 动词原形if you were to succeed, everything might be all right.if green plants should disappear some day, there should hardly be any life on the earth.【拓展】当主句与从句所表示的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整，主句与从句按各自的时间采用相应的谓语形式。如：if he had spent more time practicing spoken english before, he would be able to speak it much better.if we shouldnt have an exam this afternoon, i would go shopping now.【即学即练】翻译下面句子。1. 真抱歉，我现在太忙了。我要有时间的话就跟你去看电影了。_2. 他死了如果我们早点找到他的话就能挽救他的生命了。_3. 如果我来做这份工作的话，我会用另一种方法。_4. 如果他们昨天早上早点出发的话，现在就在这儿了。_答案【即学即练】1. im sorry im too busy now. if i had time, i would go to the movies with you.2. hes dead. if we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.3. if i were to / should do the work, i would do it in a different way.4. if they had started earlier yesterday morning, they would be here now.unit 15 lessons 3-4 & communication workshopi. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1. i wish i _ (be) 30 years younger. 2. mrs. brown wishes that her son _ (become) a lawyer. 3. jim didnt agree with my plan. i wish that he _ (agree). 4. my best friend went to another city yesterday. i wish she _ (be) here with me to enjoy the beautiful scenery now. 5. i wish i _ (see) the look on his face when he got the news. 6. i am not very good at english. i wish i _ (speak) english fluently after i move to england. 7. i wish he _ (come) to climb the mountain with me tomorrow. 8. did you tell lily my telephone number? sorry, i forgot. i wish i _ (remember) it. ii. 从括号内选择合适的内容补全下面句子。1. you were late again yesterday. you _(should come / should have come) earlier. 2. the plant is dead. maybe i _ (should give / should have given) it more water. 3. you _ (should be able to / should have been able to) see the alps from the hotel. you can stay there. 4. if he _ (had studied / should study) much harder, he would have passed the exam.5. i _ (should buy / should have bought) that toy that day if i had had enough money. 6. children _ (shouldnt be allowed / shouldnt have been allowed) to play in the street. its very dangerous. 7. please try to learn more. you _ (should do / should have done) it for your own good. 8. i _ (should write / should have written) a letter to my mother tomorrow. i havent written to her for a whole month.答案i. 1. were 2. would / could / might become3. had agreed 4. were 5. had seen6. would / could / might speak7. would / could / might come 8. had remembere