北师大版高中英语必修2学案Unit 4 GRAMMAR.doc

be going to和will【辨析】1. 两者都用来表示意图，但be going to强调“打算和意向”，表示要做某事的主观意图，而will强调“意愿、承诺和提议”。如：we are going to have a party this evening.will you go to hong kong disneyland park with me?2. be going to表示事先经过考虑或事先做好安排，而will则没有经过事先考虑，是说话瞬间做出的突然决定。如： why are you putting on those old clothes? im going to decorate the room.what shall i do tomorrow? i dont know! maybe ill read some books.3. 预测将要发生的事情时，be going to强调从目前的证据或迹象做出推测，表明可能发生某事，而will的预测是依据观点或信念。如：look at the dark clouds. there is going to be a storm.the sun will rise tomorrow.4. 表示将来时间时，be going to可用于条件状语从句中，will则不能；但will表示“意愿”时可以用在条件句中。如：if you are going to play basketball this evening, youd better finish your homework in advance.if you will give him a hand, ill tell you what happened.【即学即练】用be going to或will的正确形式填空。1. did you tell robert about the good news? oh, no, i forgot. i _ call him right now. 2. i _ leave at the end of this month.i dont think you should do that until youve found another job.3. look at those dark clouds. it _ rain. im afraid were really lost.dont worry. i _ stop and ask someone the way.4. i hope you _ visit me in my home one day.5. i _ possibly come but i may not get back in time.6. not a cloud in the sky. it _ be another warm day.7. the traffic is terrible. we _ miss our flight.8. im sure you _ love learning english in malta. its a great place.9. where are you going on holiday? i dont know yet, maybe i _ go to india.10. are you watching the game? its 5-2, they _ win the match!11. this exercise looks really hard; i _ help you.12. philip _ be 15 next wednesday.13. i _ probably go on holiday when i finish my degree in september.答案【即学即练】1. will 2. am going to 3. is going to; will 4. will 5. will 6. is going to 7. are going to 8. will9. will 10. are going to 11. will12. will 13. willif 引导的条件状语从句【归纳】if引导的条件状语从句可分为两类：一类是真实条件句；一类是虚拟条件句。真实条件句1. 表示依据其他将来事件，将来有可能发生的事件。如：ill only stay if you offer me money.well stay at home if it rains. 2. 表示建议或命令某人做某事，及提出请求。如：ill pay you double if you get the work finished by friday.if you go out in such a cold day, put on more clothes.虚拟条件句1. 虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的假设或现在不可能存在的情况时，条件从句谓语常用动词过去式（be动词的过去式用were），主句谓语用“would / should / could / might +动词原形”。如：if i were you, i would / should / could / might help him.if i had the book at hand, i would / should / could / might read the passage to you.2. 虚拟条件句表示与过去事实相反时，条件从句谓语常用过去完成时，主句谓语常用“would / should / could / might have +过去分词”。如：if you had worked harder, you would / should / could / might have passed your exams.3. 虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反时，条件从句谓语常用动词的过去式（be动词的过去式用were），should +动词原形或were to +动词原形，主句谓语用would / should / could / might +动词原形。如：if you lived there for a while, youd change your mind about that place.if he should / were to come, what should we say to him?【即学即练】选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。1. if i _ (am, was, were) you,i would not play tennis.2. if you wait a minute,i _ (will, would) go with you.3. you would have slept much betterif you _ (had taken, took) your medicine.4. the teacher will not be happyif we _ (will forget, forget) our homework again.5. if tom _ (studied, had studied) the new words,he could get a good mark in the english test.6. if we had seen the film, we _ (wouldnt have, hadnt) bought the dvd.7.