研究生英语视听说英语听力(课后第四题).doc

英语听力（课后第四题）Unit 6 Business and Economy4. Shopping Centers in the UKTapescriptDan: Now there are a lot of shopping centres in the UK, and we went to the Canary Wharf Shopping Complex in East London to talk to some of the shoppers about what they like or dislike about shopping centres. One man compares the experiences of shopping centres with shopping at boutiques on a local high street. Rob: The high street is the main shopping street in a town or area; in America they call it main street. And a boutique is a small shop, which usually specialises in fashionable items. Dan: So lets listen to the speaker as he compares shopping in a local high street and a shopping centre; what does he say is the advantage of going to a big shopping centre? I love the choice in a big shopping centre; I dont think it replaces localised shopping so a nice boutique in a local high street I think always has a place. But that said if you want a good deal, a good discount, a good sale I think you need to go to a big shopping centre really.Dan: So the shopper there said he liked the choice of a big shopping centre. Its the place to go if you want a good deal, a good discount or a good sale. Rob: A discount is a reduced price its when something costs less than normal. A good deal means the same its when you buy something for a good price. Dan: We have a clip here from another shopper describing shopping centres in the UK. She says theyre quite vast and open and have a massive variety of shops.Rob: Both vast and massive mean very large. So theres a massive variety of shops in the shopping centres. Dan: So lets listen to the clip. What types of restaurant can you find in British shopping centres? Shopping centres are usually quite vast and open and full of a massive variety of shops but theyre quite standard. So each shopping centre tends to have exactly the same basic shops that you come to expect. You sort of tend to get the same standard restaurants and food outlets as well in shopping centres, so either fast food or slightly more upmarket restaurants. Dan: She says you get the same standard restaurants in a British shopping centre: either fast food or more upmarket restaurants. Rob: Fast food is what we call anything that can be served and eaten quickly, often from restaurant chains, such as McDonalds, Burger King or Subway. Dan: And what about the upmarket restaurants? Rob: Upmarket means something of high quality that generally appeals to people from higher social classes. The opposite is downmarket. Dan: Of course, not everyone likes shopping centres. Some people say they find them too crowded. Rob: Mm, crowded, when there are too many people. I agree, particularly at weekends or during the holidays when there are lots of people, a lot of these shopping centres are far too crowded to shop, or walk, or even move! BDirections: Listen to the dialogue again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1) A boutique is a small shop, which usually specialises in fashionable items. ( T )2) A big shopping centre is the place to go if you want a good deal, a good discount or a good sale.( T )3) A discount is a reduced price its when something costs less than normal. A good deal means differently. ( F )4) Shopping centres are usually quite vast and open and have a fewvariety of shops but theyre quite standard.( F )5) Not everyone likes shopping centres. They are far too crowded to shop, or walk, or even move, particularly at weekends or during the holidays. ( T )Unit 7 Cultures4. Table Manners and Diet Customs TapescriptM: Last weekend, I went as a guest to a Chinese friends house. It was really an interesting experience! I felt a little bit of cultural shock. F: Really? So you discovered a few China and Americas different customs.M: Definitely. First, Chinese and Americans have very different ways of accepting gifts. When I went to their house, I brought a bottle of wine as a small gift. I originally thought we would drink together as we ate. So I surprised when the host put it aside and didnt open it. I really didnt understand but I didnt say anything.F: You shouldnt have worried. Thats just a way Chinese people accept gifts. Its considered impolite to open something right when you receive it. The way Chinese people see it, opening the gift on the same occasion that you receive it seems to imply that you only want to see whether the gift is good or bad and you dont care about the thought that your friend put into it.M: Oh really? Well I guess it was just a misunderstanding then. Americans almost always open the gift right away. Then they can say something nice to show that they like what the person gave them.F: When you were having dinner, did they keep encouraging you to eat and drink?M: Yes! They were always saying “Eat some more! Take a bit more!” And the moment there is a bit space in my bowl, they immediately gave me another helping. That day I had 4 bowls of rice, ate I dont know how much food. I ate so much I couldnt walk in a straight line. In America, the host wont urge the guest to eat and drink more. The guest just eats however much they want to eat.F: Thats just the Chinese way of being friendly and welcoming to ones guests. For Chinese people, making sure their guest eat their fill and eat well is the most important thing.M: Also they set up this incredibly abundant table of food but then they said there is nothing here to eat, it wasnt prepared very well and other things like that. And it seems even stranger to me. If they have prepared well, then how many dishes will they have to have?F: They were just being modest. Even if they had prepared more, they still would have said that. And Chinese hosts would always prepare a whole lot of dishes. Because if they are among meager selection, the host will feel that he had lost face. Preparing a huge feast is a way of showing your respect for the guest.M: Oh the Chinese customs are so complicated. I will never have understood if you havent told me.F: Every culture has its own particular ways of doing things though. There are some western customs that Chinese people think are hard to understand.M: I guess what I have learned is that when you study a language, you also have to understand the culture that behind it because otherwise its easy to create misunderstandings and miscommunications.F: I agree.B Directions: Listen to the dialogue again and decide whether these statements are true or false.1) When the man went to the hosts house, he brought a bottle of wine as a gift and they drank together in the dinner. ( F )2) When Americans accept a gift, they almost always open the gift right away. ( T )3) American hosts are always saying “Eat some more! Take a bit more!” ( F )4) Chinese hosts like to say that there is nothing here to eat, it wasnt prepared very well and they mean it. ( F )5) Since the man has been studying Chinese for a long time, he knows all the customs quite well. Unit 8 Transportation and City Life4.Foggy California City is Tops With TouristsB Directions: Listen to the passage again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1) Each year Los Angeles ranks first or second in the nation in tourist visits. ( F ) 2) Considering so many attractions, its no wonder San Francisco is a desirable and expensive place to visit. ( T )3) San Francisco gets a lot of rain, but its winters are cold and its summers warm. ( F ) 4) San Francisco has a fleet of 37 cable cars which are the only ones of their kind remaining in the world. ( T ) 5) The “hippie” experience of San Franciscos 1967 “Summer of Love” has quite far-reaching influence on some American people. ( T ) TapescriptFoggy California City is Tops With TouristsHilly San Francisco is Americas 13th-largest city. Three other California cities Los Angeles, San Diego and San Jose are larger. Yet each year, San Francisco ranks first or second in the nation in tourist visits. Whats the attraction? Why did singer Tony Bennett, in his signature song, leave his heart in San Francisco, rather than, say, Boston or Cincinnati?Perhaps its the setting: shrouded in fog along 40 steep hills, overlooking glistening San Francisco Bay. Many of the densely-packed neighborhoods clinging to these hills are filled with ornate Victorian houses called “painted ladies.” Considering its ocean beaches, bustling commercial waterfront, two of the worlds most striking bridges, and the largest urban park west of Philadelphia, its no wonder San Francisco is a desirable and expensive place to live and a treat to visit. Add in its lively theater scene, the oldest ballet company in the United States, dozens of art galleries, and thousands of fine restaurants, and San Francisco exudes sophistication. The city does get a lot of rain, but its winters are mild and its summers cool. Really cool. In fact, theres a delightful saying incorrectly credited to humorist Mark Twain that the natives enjoy: “The coldest winter I ever spent was a summer in San Francisco.” Among the citys top visitor attractions is Chinatown the largest Asian community outside Asia. And one of the enduring symbols of San Francisco is its fleet of 37 cable cars the only ones of their kind remaining in the world. San Franciscos hills themselves are tourist attractions especially a serpentine stretch of Lombard Street that everyone calls the “Crookedest Street in America.” In the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood, you can still run into people who are trying to recapture the “hippie” experience of San Franciscos 1967 “Summer of Love.” And in San Francisco Bay, Alcatraz Prison, which once housed the worst of the worst federal prisoners, is open for tours. These unique allurements explain why the American short-story writer O. Henry wrote, “East is East, and West is San Francisco.”Unit 9 Health 4. Link between Heart Health and EducationB Directions: Listen the passage again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1) Less educated people tend to have more heart attacks and other so-called cardiovascular events. ( T )2) The correlation between more education and fewer heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events was strongest among women in richer countries. ( F ) 3) Educated people in lower- and middle-income countries tend to avoid risky behaviors like smoking, or they eat better, or get better medical care. ( F ) 4) Women in Latin America are increasingly targeted by tobacco companies. (T )5) More educated women in lower- and middle-class countries are more likely to get better positions with health care insurances. (F ) Tapescript Numerous studies have found a connection between education and the risk of heart disease and stroke. More educated people tend to have fewer heart attacks and other so-called cardiovascular events. But new research finds that the correlation doesnt apply everywhere. Previous studies have been done almost entirely in richer, industrialized countries. Abhinav Goyal of Emory University in Atlanta wanted to see if that link between heart disease and education applied in low- and middle-income countries. So what we found is that there is a relationship between education level and cardiovascular events that differs both in terms of gender and in terms of world region, says Goyal. The correlation between more education and fewer heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events was strongest among men in richer countries. The link was weaker among women in rich countries and men in lower- and middle-income countries. And then finally, when you looked at women in low- and middle-income countries, there was almost no difference - meaning that, unlike men in high-income countries, it does not appear that education is protective against cardiovascular events in women in low- and middle-income countries, says Goyal. Educated people in richer countries may be less likely to have cardiovascular disease because they tend to avoid risky behaviors like smoking, or they eat better, or get better medical care. But in lower-income countries in Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East - where the people in this study live - many of those women are moving into urban areas, taking sedentary office jobs. They are increasingly being targeted by tobacco companies. And there may be social limits to what women can do. Because of some of the social constructs of some of the low- and middle-income countries, women are not as free to have access to the family income, says Goyal, and their education may not necessarily translate to better employment, and then they may not be in a position always to seek health care and follow-through with those plans. Goyals study suggests that its wrong for physicians and policymakers to assume that just because people get more schooling they will automatically adopt a healthier lifestyle. Dr. Abhinav Goyals research appears in the journal Circulation, published by the American Heart Association. Unit 10 Computer and the Internet4 Virtual Worlds B Directions: Listen to the passage again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.(F) 1) One can buy real land in a virtual game since the line between the real world and online virtual worlds is becoming increasingly vague.(T) 2) By playing MMOGs thousands of people can play simultaneously on the internet, interacting or competing with each other.(T) 3) Some gamers have spent real money inside the game while other online gamers have used their virtual investments to make a profit.(F) 4) A gamer, known as Deathifier, paid 40,000 for an island in the game Project Entropia in 2004. (F) 5) The BBC has bought a virtual island in the game Second Life to stage online music festivals and showcase new musical talent.TapescriptThe line between the real world and online virtual worlds is becoming increasingly blurred with gamers spending real money to buy virtual commodities and even real estate in digital worlds.Welcome to the world of MMOGs, Massive Multiplayer Online Games. For those who dont know, an MMOG is a computer game which thousands of people can play simultaneously on the internet, interacting or competing with each other. Some of the mos