字母组合读音规则词典大全.doc

字母组合读音规则Aa/ei/face latenameplanetake/A/badglad lampplan/C/qualityquantitywantwashwatchwhat/B:/fatherrather非重读/ E/aboutagainawakechinabreakfast important非重读/ i/accurateadvantagecomradecouragedamagemessagepalace passageprivateseparatevillagevoltage在名词、形容词、副词词尾非重读/ ei/celebratedictateradiateseparate在动词词尾aff/ B:f/staffaft/ B:f t/aftercraftdraftai/ay/ ei/brainclaimfaintmainwaitdaymayplaysay非重读/ i/mountainportrait holidaySundayair/Z/chairfairhairpairstairal/C:/chalktalkwalkallballcallwall /C:l/alsofalsesalt/B:/calfhalfbalmcalmpalm-an-/ B:n/command danceplantar /B:/barcardarkfarlark/C:/dwarfquarterwarwardwarmwarp非重读/E/collargrammarparticularpolarsugarare/Z/caredarefareraresparestare-ask/ B:sk/askflasktask-asp/ B:sp/grasp-ass/ B:s/brassclassglasspass-ast/ B:st/blastfastlastpast-ath/ B:W/bathpathaugh/ C:/caughtdaughtertaughtau/aw/C:/authorcausefaultlaunchawfulclawdawnlawpawsawBb/b/beeblastCc/k/cakeclothcookcross cut/s/cellcite citycyclecc/ks/accentacceptaccidentsucceed/k/acclaimaccordingaccuseoccupych-/tF/chalkchangechoosechurch/k/anchorcharacterchemistrychlorideechopsychologyschoolstomach/F/chauffeurchef-cia- -cie- -cio- /FE/efficientsufficientdeliciouspreciouselectriciansocialspecialtechnicianck/k/deckkickneckpackstickDd/d/decidedeeddivedodutydge/ dV/badge bridgejudgelodgeridgeEe/ i:/hethemethesewe/e/bestdesk eggpenwellyes非重读/ E/excellentopensentencesilent非重读/ i/decideeventexplainrepeatactresscarelessdarknesstallestwantedea/ i:/cleanleasemeatpeacetea/ e/breaddead headlead/ ei/break great/ iE/ideaear/ iE/dearfear hearspear tearwear/ Z/bearpear wear/ :/earlyheardlearnpearlee/ i:/greenmeetseesteelthreeeer/ i/beercheerdeerengineerpioneerei/ ai/either heightneitherei/ie/ i:/ceilingreceivebrieffieldniecepiecethiefyieldeigh/ ei/eightfreightneighborel/ ()l/levelem/ ()m/problemen/ ()n/elementevenopensevenstudenter/ :/certainhernervepersonserve非重读/ /conversationpaperperformteacher workerere/ i/adhere here merely/ Z/therewhereeu/ew/ ju:/feudalneutralchewdewfewnewew/ u:/blewcrewdrewJewthrewey/ ei/greypreythey非重读/ i/moneyvalleyFf/ f/farfewfirforfuncalfknifelifescarfwolfGg/ g/gavegogoatbiglegtag/ dV/gem giantcouragelargetechnologygh/ f/coughenoughlaughroughtoughgn/n/campaigndesignforeignsigngu(e)/g/guessguest guidelanguageleagueplagueHh/h/hare headhighhorsehouse/不发音/honor hourexhaustexhibitrhymeIi/y/ai/likenicetimemywhytryi非重读/ai/criticizeexercisemodernizerealize在动词词尾y非重读/ai/beautifyclassifyoccupysatisfy在动词词尾i/y/i/isitmilkmythsickwishgivelive非重读/ i/activecityhappyofficemorning非重读/ E/beautifulholidaypossibleie/ ai/dieliepietieia/ie/io/ aiE/biasdialoguereliablequietsciencesocietyriotvioletviolentei/ie/i:/ceilingreceivebrieffieldniecepiecethiefyield-ild/ aild/childmildwild-ind/ aind/blindfindkindig/igh/ ai/signdesignbrightlightnightsighio/iou非重读/ iE/curiousfuriouspatriotperiodir/:/birddirtfirstgirlthirst非重读/ /circumferenceire/yre/ aiE/admirefirehirerequiretiretyrewireJj/dV/jacketjobjoinJuly justKk/k/kettlekeykitchen kitekn/n/kneeknifeknitknowLl/l/layleavelightlosslustbottlecastlelittletalltitlewillMm/m/manmeetmicemoremuchdimedomebottomroom-mb/m/bombclimbcomb tombmn/m/autumncondemn solemn（在词尾）Nn/n/namenicknameniecenosecottonfattenlanternkn/n/kneeknitknowng/nk/N(g/k)/bangcling Englishfingerringthing tonguebankrink thinkuncleOo/Eu/bonehomejokenosmoke so非重读/Eu/phono photopianopotatoradiotomato/C/dropgothotlot odd/u:/domovetowho/Q/comesomedoneonesonbrothermotherdoveglove love 非重读/ /considerproducesecondseldomtodayoa/Eu/boatcoatloadroadsoapoe/Eu/doefoehoetoeoar/C:/board coarsehoarseroarsoaroi/oy/Ci/boilcoinhoistmoistpointvoiceannoy boyjoyploytoy-old/ Euld/boldcoldfold oldoo/u/footgoodstoodbookbrookcooklooktook/u:/bootfoodmoonschoolspoontootooth/Q/bloodfloodoor/C:/doorflooror/C:/cordforklordmorning portion/:/wordworkworldworship非重读/ /doctordirector effortforgetmotorore/C:/coreforemoreshorestorewore-ost/ Eust/mostpostou/ u:/groupyouthou/Q/countryroughtouchtoughtroubleyoungou/ow/ Eu/soulshoulderblowgrowknowshowsnow非重读/Eu/sorrowtomorrowwindowyellowou/ow/ au/aboutclouddoubthouseloudmouthshoutbrownclowndownnowtown非重读/ /generousjealousnervousough/C:/boughtfoughtthoughtoul/u/could shouldwouldour/ au/flourhoursourour/C:/coursecourtfourpourour/u/tour非重读/ E/colourlabourneighbourowe/ower/auE/towelvowelflowerpowershowerPp/p/partpearpillpowercapclapdeeppeepph/f/paragraphphonographphotophrasephysicsps-/s/pseudo-science psychologyQqu-/q/ kw/quayquestionquickquitequotationRr/r/racereadrightrottenrudewr-/ r/writewringwrongSs/s/sackseesightslightsoapstartbasecase(在词首，在名、形容词中)/z/closetdesireisreasonvisit （在元音字母之间）sc/s/scenarioscenescentsciencescissor/sk/escape scarfscornsculpturesh/F/shapesheepshineshoreshutashbushcashfishwash-sia-/F/AsianRussian-sion/ VEn/decisionoccasionprecisionvision-shion -sion -tion/ FEn/cushionfashionaggressionimpressionoppressionversionactiondictation fictionmotionsolutionss/ s/assistantblessclassless lessonlossmiss-ssure/FE/pressure-st-/ s/castlefastenlistenwhistle-sure/ VE/exposuremeasurepleasuretreasuresw/s/answerswordTt/t/taketelltoothbeattastewhattch/tF/catchlatchmatchpatchwatchth/W/thankthemethinthreatthroatbathclothnorthpathtenthth(e)/T/thantheretheythosebathebreathefatherratherweather-tia- -tie-/F/militiapartialpatientpotential-shion -sion -tion/ FEn/cushionfashionaggressionimpressionversionactiondictation fictionmotionsolution-stion/ stFEn/combustionquestionsuggestion-ture/ tFE/adventurecapturecultureexpenditurefutureUu / ju:/cutemutetuneuse/ u:/ruletruefluteJune/Q/butclublustmustshutsun/u/bush fullput非重读/ju/communistinstrumentoccupyregular非重读/ju:/attributeattitudecontributedistributeinstitute在名词和动词词尾非重读/ E/autumndifficultindustrysuggestsupportsupposeue/ (j)u:/bluecluecueduegluesuetrueui/ ju:/nuisancesuit/u:/fruitjuicerecruit/ (j)u(:)/suicidetuitionfluidruinur/E:/burnfurhurtnursesurfaceturnurge非重读/ E/murmurpursueSaturdaysurviveure/ (j)uE/curemanurepuresure非重读/ E/figureinjureVv/v/varyvestvibratevotevulnerabledivefivegiveliveWw/w/warywearwipewoolwh-/w/whatwhile whip why/h/whowholewhomwhosewr-/r/writewrongwringsw/s/answerswordXx/g z/exactexamineexampleexhibitionexist/ks/exportexceptexitexportYy/ai/cycle非重读/ ai/beautifyclassify非重读/ i/citypsychologyclearlydaily/j/yardyetyieldyoung youthZz/z/zestzoozoneooze元音、辅音和国际音标说明各个字母或字母组合在什么情况下读什么音的规则，称为读音规则。国际语音学会制定的用一个符号代表一个音素的音标，简称国际音标。语音的最小单位是音素, 音素有元音和辅音之分。发音时声带振动而气流在通路上不受阻碍的是元音；不论声带振动与否，气流在通路上受到这种或那种阻碍的都是辅音。元音依发音时舌面隆起部分位置的前后分为前元音、后元音和中元音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音，声带振动的称为浊辅音。consonants (辅音): （26）fricative/friction (摩擦音): （10）voiceless/fWsFh/voiced /vTzVr/plosive/stop （爆破音）：（6）voiceless/ptk/voiced /bdg/affricate （破擦音）：（6）voiceless/tFtstr/voiced /dVdzdr/nasal （鼻音）（3）/mnN/lateral （舌边音）（1）/l/vowel: （20）front （前元音）（4）/i:ieA/central（中元音）（3）/EE:Q/back（后元音）（5）/B:CC:uu:/diphthong（双元音）（8）/eiaiCiEu/ouauiEZu/semi-vowel/glide （半元音/滑音）（2）/jw/开音节和闭音节规则1.开音节: 元音字母在开音节中读其字母名称音，u在字母j, l, r后面发/u:/。1) 以元音字母结尾的音节, 如be, my，no；2) 以“一个元音字母+（一个）辅音字母+e（不发音）”结尾的音节，如age, eve, ice,use;3) 以“（一个）辅音字母+一个元音字母+（一个)辅音字母+e（不发音）”结尾的音节，如dive, fuse, like, name, nose, plate, rule, theme;4）以“（一个）辅音字母+一个元音字母+不发音的e”结尾的音节，也按开音节读音：blue, due, lie, see, three, tie2.闭音节：元音字母a, e, i/y, o, u在闭音节中分别发音为：/A/或/C/（在字母qu的组合以及字母w后面）, /e/,/i/, /C/, /Q/.1) 以“一个元音字母+（一个）辅音字母”结尾的音节，如add, at, egg, end, if, it, odd, up, us2) 以“（一个）辅音字母+一个元音字母+（一个）辅音字母”结尾的音节，如 black, clock, fun, knit, map, net, nod, pump, quality, sit, syrup, wash;3) 以“一个元音字母+二个辅音字母+不发音的e”结尾的音节，也按闭音节读音：bridgedensehencehingeplungerevolvesensesincesludgesolvetingetwelvevalveR音节规则“元音+ r”构成的音节叫“R音节”，重读“R音节”的读音分别为：1. ar / B: /:carhardmarkpart/ C: /:warwarmwarp(在字母w后面)2. er/ E: /:deserveherserveverb3. ir / E: /:birddirtyfirstsirvirgin4. or/ C: /:corklordportsort/ E: /:wordworldworkworst(在字母w后面)5. ur/ E: /:curbfurnursepurse非重读“R音节”的读音均为/ E /：circumferencefactorgrammarmetermurmursolarsurvivaltractor under重读-re音节, 即“元音+re”音节和“元音+r+元音”音节的规则在多音节词中，如果“元音+r” 之后仍为元音字母，则“元音+r+元音”也多按-re音节读音，读法如下：1）are读作/Z/：caredarefareharesquarewarear(+元)读作/Zr/：variablevariousvarywary2)ere多读作/i/：adhereheremerereveresevereer(+元)读作/ir/:imperialistmaterialperiodserious3)ire读作/aiE/:fairehirerequiretiretyreireir(+元)读作/aiEr/:miry(泥泞的)sirenspiral spiry(尖塔状的)4)ore读作/C:/:beforeborecoremorescorestoreor(+元)读作/C:r/:boringgloriousglorystory5)ure读作/juE/:cureluremanurepuresecureur(+元)读作/juEr/:curiousdurableduringfury“双r音节”规则在多音节词中，若重读R音节后在出现一个r，即“元音+rr+元音”， 则r前面的元音字母不再按重读R音节读音，而按重读闭音节读音：barrelcarrycirruscurrentcurryferrousferryfurrowgarretharrowherringhorrorhurrylorrymerrymirrorsorrysquirrelstirruptomorrow比较：burdencarboncircleferment hardeninternalmorningporterpurposeskirting音节英语单词由一个或几个音节组成，音节是说话时最小的语音片断, 每个音节常由一个元音加一个或几个辅音组成，但单独一个元音也可以构成一个音节，少数辅音如/ mn l /，虽没有元音的帮助也能与前面的一个辅音构成一个非重读音节。单词重音1. 双音节词重读音节中的元音字母有一定的读音规则:1) 英语双音节词的重音多数在第一个音节上:partystudent2) 在两个音节的分界线上如果只有一个辅音字母(r除外), 这个字母归右边的音节, 第一音节按重读开音节读音:studentopenlabourslogan3) 分界线上有两个辅音字母(第一个不是r), 这两个辅音字母分别划归左右两个音节, 第一个音节按重读闭音节读音:comradeconcertlessonletter member4) 分界线上有两个辅音字母, 第一个是r, 这两个字母可分别划归左右两音节, 第一音节按重读r音节(这条规则也适用于多音节词):cornerportrait但如果分界线上的两个辅音字母是rr, 左边的重读音节按闭音节读音：carrycurrent sorry5) 带有前缀a-, be-, con-, de-, dis-, en-, mis-, per-, pre-, pro-, re-, trans-, un-等的双音节词,一般在第二个音节重读:aboardawakebesidebehalfcondemncondenseconnectdecide disclosediscussdiseaseenlargeenrichmistakemisuseperformpermitprepareproducerenewrepairreportrewritetransfertransformtransmitunkindunknown2. 有三个以上音节的词称为多音节词。多音节词的重音多在倒数第三个音节上，该音节中的元音字母多读短音：activitydifficultexperimentfamilymonitorparticularpoliticalquality3. 多音节词中的次重音有时落在主重音前的第二个音节上：sat7isfac5toryin7dividualappre7ciationcongrat7ulation exam7ination 4. 在以-graphy, -ial, -ian, -iar, -ic(-ical), -ience, -iency, -ient, -ify, -ion, -itis, -ity, -ive, -logy, -ous(-eous, -ious), -sion, -tion等后缀结尾的词中，重音通常落在它们前面的一个音节上：dictationexhibitionexperiencefamiliar historic ideololyimpatientindustrialinventivemusicmusician opinion questionrepublicsituationsimp