新视野大学英语第二册unit4 词汇.doc

1. digital a. giving information in the form of numbers 数字的，数字显示的a digital camera 数码相机 digital products 数码 / 数字产品 digital clock 数字（电子）钟 digital watch 数字表/电子表 analog watch 指针表2. volunteerv .offer to do sth. without being paid 自愿（做某事） (for sth/to do sth)Eg. She volunteered for a dangerous mission. 她自愿参加一项危险的任务。 He volunteered to show us around the school. 他自愿带我们参观学校。n.C sb. who offers to do sth. without being paid志愿者Eg. Any volunteers? 谁来主动回答？volunteer groups 志愿小组volunteer troops, forces, etc 志愿部队 志愿军volunt=wish, will，表示“意志，意愿”同根词voluntary(volunt意志，意愿+ary的adj.自愿的，志愿的)3. identical a. exactly the same 完全一样的，完全相同的Eg. This is the identical room we stayed in last year. 这是我们去年住过的（同一间）房间。【辨异】be similar to 和相似be the same as 和相同be identical with/to 和完全相同Eg. Picture is identical to one my mother has. 这张照片和我母亲的那张一模一样。identically adv. 同一地; 相等地identify v.1) recognize / spot 鉴别出，确认 sb/sth as sb/sthEg. He identified the man as her attacker.她认出那个男人就是袭击他的人.2) identify A with B 认为A与B等同 Eg. One cant identify happiness with wealth.幸福和财富不能混为一谈3) identify oneself with sb. / sth. give support to; be supportive of 支持 be associated with 与有关联Eg. unidentified flying object不明飞行物identity n. 本身，身份 identity card 身份证 identification n. 鉴别 ID card 身份证 (ID abbr. Identification)4. departuren.1.C, U an act of leaving a place |离开，出发Eg. His departure was quite unexpected. 他这一走很出人意料。2. C, U ( from sth. )action different from (what is usual or expected) 背离; 违反 Eg.a departure from old customs, the standard procedure, etc 同旧习俗 标准程序等相违the departure lounge /waiting room候机室 the departures and arrivals of the train 火车到达和出发的时间 His departure for France surprised me. depart v.(用法类同与leave)Phrv: depart (for)(from)走开，离开Eg. The train departed from platform 2. 火车在第二站台开车。depart from sth.违反，违背 depart from routine/ old customs/ the truth 违反常规/违反旧习俗/背离事实Idm: depart (from) this life: die(arch or rhet 古或修辞) 去世，亡故 gone / pass away / kick the bucketdeparted a. dead 死去的，故去的 the departed heroes5. destination n. C a place to which sb. is going or sth. is being sent 目的地，终点Eg. Please specify your destination.请说明你的目的地。 our final destination 我们最终的目的地 destiny n. fate 命运 Eg. Destiny drew us together. 命运把我们连在一起了。 6. overseasad. in or to a country across the sea; abroad 在海外；在国外live/work/go overseas 在国外生活/工作；出国 a. coming from or happening abroad 海外的；外国的overseas markets/trade 海外市场，海外贸易student overseas 指正在海外学习的留学生overseas student 指已从海外学成归来的学生，归国留学生反义 internal / domestic 国内的6. aboard prep. & ad. in or on a ship, train, plane, etc. 在船（车，飞机等）上；上船（车，飞机等）a-在之上，朝着 on aboard 在船、车board n.木板，甲板,董事会，伙食 vt.登(飞机、车、船等); 搭伙Eg. We will provide room and board for them. 我们将提供他们的食宿。the board of the company 该公司的董事会The passengers boarded the plane/ train / ship at 9 a.m. 旅客们上午九时登上飞机。on board 在船上/ 飞机上boarding card 登机证boarding school 寄宿学校abroad ad. 1)在国外，到国外2) 在外面，到外面Eg. My son is still living abroad. 我的儿子仍住在国外。They usually walk abroad in warm days.天气暖和时他们通常去户外散步。7. territoryn. C, U an area of land controlled by a particular country, city, army, etc.领土；领地Eg. He was shot down in the enemy territory.他是在敌人的领土上被击落的。8. deckn.C a floor built across a ship over all or part of his length甲板Idm:on decka) on the main deck of a ship 在船的主甲板上. b) (esp US) ready for action, duty, etc 准备行动 执行任务等.hit the deck落到地上，起床9. decrease反义 increase n. C,U the process of becoming less减少；降低 (in sth) Eg. some decrease in the crime rate 犯罪率的少许降低 There has been a 10% decrease in his income.他的收入减少了10%。【搭配】increase/decrease by 增加/减少了increase/decrease to 增加/减少到Eg. Student numbers have decreased by 500. 学生人数减少了500名。 Student numbers have decreased to 500. 学生人数减少到500名。v. become less or reduce sth.（使）减少；（使）降低Eg. Profits have decreased by 15%. 利润下降了15%。10. decline v. refuse a request or offer, usu. politely 拒绝；谢绝Eg. He declined to discuss his plans. 他拒绝讨论他的计划。 vi. decrease in amount, quality, or importance 减少，降低，下降 Eg. The value of the dollar on the world market has declined in recent years. 最近几年美元在世界市场上的价值有所下降。n.sing., U a reduction in the amount or quality of sth. 减少，下降a decline in population/ prices/popularity 人口/价格/声望的降低Idm；on the decline 在消减; 在衰退: Eg. She is on the decline, and may die soon. 她身体越来越弱, 恐不久于人世。 11. objectionn.C,U a statement that shows one disagrees with sth.反对，异议object to (doing) sth./sb. be opposed to (doing) sth. 强烈反对某事oppose sth.disapprove of sth. object n. objective n./adj. objection n.12. forbid vt. not allow 禁止(forbade forbidden) Phrv: forbid sb. to do sth. Eg. He was forbidden to leave the house, as a punishment. 作为惩罚他被禁止离开家。 She says her mother forbids her to go out with me. 她说她母亲不允许她跟我外出。 forbid sb. from doing sth.Eg. Women are forbidden from going out without a veil.妇女不戴面纱禁止外出。 forbidden a. 被禁止的 Forbidden City 紫禁城/ 故宫 the Summer Palace 颐和园 forbidden fruit 禁果 forbidden ground 禁区 Forbidden City Cop : 大内密探零零发/大内密探 forbidding a. looking unfriendly, threatening 令人生畏，严峻的 forbidding appearance / attitude 13. spectacular a. a) very impressive 壮观的；引人入胜的 a spectacular display of fireworks 壮观的烟火会 spectacular scenes壮观的场面 b) (attracting attention because) impressive or extraordinary引人注目的;与众不同的 a spectacular victory by the French athlete 那个法国运动员的辉煌胜利。n. (supposedly) impressive show or performance; spectacle 精彩的节目或表演; 壮观的场面 a Christmas TV spectacular 圣诞节精彩的电视节目14. fancya. having a lot of decoration or bright colors 多装饰的；花哨的；别致的Eg. fancy ball 化装舞会 Thats a very fancy pair of shoes! 那是一双非常别致的鞋! He is good at fancy diving. 他擅长花式跳水。n.sing. a feeling of liking sb. or sth. 喜爱；迷恋 (for sth) desire; liking 渴望; 喜爱Eg. I have a fancy for some wine tonight. 我今晚想喝点酒。Idm: catch/take sbs fancy please or attract sb 合某人的心意; 吸引某人: Eg. She saw a dress in the shop window and it caught her fancy immediately. 她看见商店橱窗里的一件连衣裙, 立刻觉得很合心意。 take a fancy to sb/sth 喜欢，爱上Eg. He took a fancy to the girl next door. 他迷恋上了隔壁的女孩子。v. want; think or suppose (pt, pp fancied)想要，喜欢；设想；通常用于祈使句, 表示惊奇 不相信 震惊等):Eg. I dont fancy walking in the rain.我不喜欢在雨中行走。What do you fancy for dinner? 你晚饭想吃什么? Fancy to meet you here! 没想到在这见到你了!15. patchn.C a small area of sth. that is different fro m the area around it 小块，碎片，小块土地v. 修补；解决；掩饰Eg. She was patching a pair of his trousers. 她正在补他的一条裤子。Phrv: patch up a) repair sth , esp. quickly or temporarily 修理某物; （尤指）迅速或临时修补Eg. The wrecked car was patched up and resold. 撞坏的汽车草草修理一下就卖掉了。 b) settle or resolve (a quarrel, dispute, etc) 调停, 解决（纷争 争执等） Eg. They patched up their differences. 他们解决了彼此间的分歧。16. vanishvi. disappear or go suddenly out of sight 消失Eg. The child vanished while on her way home after a game of tennis. 那个小女孩打完网球后在回家的路上不见了。【辨析】disappear指急速地或逐渐地或突然地从视线中“消失”，为最一般用语vanish突然不见，消失，指“化为乌有”，常指非常彻底的而且往往是神秘莫测地“消失，失踪”fade(颜色)退去，（声音）衰退melt away（使某物）融化或溶解而消失17. compressv. 1. force sth. Into less space压缩，压紧 sth (into sth) 1 press sth together; force sth into a small(er) space 压缩；压紧；将某物压进（较）小的空间; 挤压; Eg. He managed to compress everything into ten pages. 他设法把全部内容缩写在十页纸上。2.express (ideas, etc) in a shorter form; condense 使（意见等）简短, 精简, 浓缩:Eg. The film compresses several years into half an hour. 这电影将几年的事压缩于半小时内。Can you compress your speech into five minutes? 你能不能把讲话压缩至5分钟?compression n U 压缩，浓缩；压迫 the compression of gas 气体的压缩 18. longingn.sing.,U a strong feeling of wanting sth.渴望longing for/to do sth.渴望Eg. The young writer has a strong longing for fame.那位青年作家强烈渴望出名。 He frustrate