情系西陵 解说词.doc

两千多年的封建君主专制，以大清王朝的覆灭落下帷幕，More than two thousand years of autocratic monarchy finally ended with the falling of the Qing Dynasty,历史的车轮依然在滚动，过去的种种兴衰成败都以化作尘埃。Time goes on, the past all died into ashes. 虽然满清王朝早已不在，但是这些皇陵依然矗立在那里，从这些早已斑驳的陵墓中，我们看到了大清兴旺衰败的过程，而后只有一声叹息。Although the Qing Dynasty disappeared, the emperors Catacombs are still there. From these mottled mausoleum, we saw the prosperous and decay of Qing Dynasty, and only left a sign. 皇陵周围居住着一群特殊的人，他们从皇陵初建一直到今日，一直居住在这里，陪着皇陵一同接受了历史的变迁与洗礼，那么如今，这些人又是怎样的存在呢？There are some special generations living around the mausoleums since the initial construction of them and experienced the historical changes together. But now, what kind of existence are these people?在北京西南方向，与北京相距120公里的河北省易县永宁山下，群山环抱、松柏掩映着一组规模宏大的古建筑群。At the foot of the Yongning Mountain in Yi county in Hebei province (In the southeast of Beijing), there are large scaled ancient complex, which surrounded by mountain and trees.红墙黄瓦、雕梁画栋，倚山临水。这就是驰名中外的清代皇室陵墓群清西陵。Western Qing Tombs are all with red walls and yellow tiles which famous home and abroad. They are richly ornamented building and surrounded by mountains and waters.清西陵始建于1730年（雍正八年），至公元1915年光绪的崇陵建成，历经186年，这里是清代自雍正起四位皇帝的陵寝，共有14座陵墓，The Western Qing Tombs started constructing in 1730(Yongzheng 2008), and in 1915, Guangxu ChongLing was completed. Beginning with Yongzheng of Qing Dynasty, there were four kingstombs built here during 186 years. Totally with 14 tombs. 自打皇陵建好使用时，就有一群特殊的人经过选拔，来到这里，为墓主人守陵。From the time the mausoleums finished, there were some peoplr special selected here to be the tomb guilds.他们必须是满族，必须达到某种资格，但是来自哪里，却是一个谜。（潘绍泉老人，祖上来自哪里是个迷）（老太太有关守陵人）They must be Manchu and have the qualification.It is still mystery where they came from.(Pan Shaoquan, an old related to the guild, still not knowing where she came from.)能作为守陵人，也是一种荣耀，吃皇粮，拿俸禄（苏永春 老人，潘绍泉老人有关叙述）It is an honor to be the tomb guild. They paid by the imperial court.(siad by Su Yongchun and Pan Shaoquan)时代总是在 进步，历史也很无情，1840年中国近代史的开端，中国进入了一个国运衰退的时期，满清的统治最后在溥仪的退位宣告彻底结束，虽说当时的新政府承诺永远保护皇家陵寝的安全，但是即使这样，西陵也经历了不少的磨难，陪伴他的依然是那群守陵人。Time moves on, and the history pasts. In 1840, the modern Chinese history began, China has entered a period of recession, the Manchus domination finally in the Puyi abdication announced a definitive end. Though the new government promised to protect the mausoleums, the mausoleums were destroyed. Only the tomb guilds along with mausoleums.战争带给了中国无尽的苦难，也打破了皇陵的安宁，战争期间，皇陵虽说受到破坏，但是得以保存下来已是万幸。（抗战时日本来的守陵人老奶奶的说的那段，还有潘绍泉）The wars brought a lot suffers to the Chinese and broke the peace of mausoleums. The mausoleums were damaged at that time but fortunately, they conserved.守陵人虽然没有惊天动地的大事，但是这一代一代传承下来的精神与责任，也值得我们尊重，他们也是普普通通的人。There were not big events happened in their works, but the spirits as well as the duty they passing from generation to generation deserve our respects, although the guilds are ordinary people.日本侵华期间，没有破坏皇陵是因为他要利用伪满洲政府，八路军砸铜海也是为了保家卫国，但是文革动荡的十年，着实让这些皇陵遭受了不少的揉捏。During the Japanese aggression against China, they did not destroy the tomb because they wanted to make use of the puppet government, The Eighth Route Army broke down the Tong sea was also in order to defend our country, but the turmoil of the cultural revolution decade, the tomb had really suffered a lot of tramples.守陵人依然守护着皇陵，但是也已经不再是和以前一样了，他们不再衣食无忧，不再吃皇粮拿俸禄，不再体面光鲜，作为满族的他们受到了歧视。The people who remained guarding the tomb still there, but they are also not the same as before, neither are they no longer un-worry about food and clothing and take salary, nor are they no longer respectable shiny, as part of Manchu they suffered discrimination.在那个混沌的年代，守陵人坚守着责任，同自己的同胞，同族，对抗，保护着皇陵的安宁。In the chaos of the Times, the guarders stick to their responsibilities, with their compatriots and kin to protect the peace of the tomb.老一辈的人渐渐离去，又随着汉人的迁入，满汉通婚，满族被越来越汉化，满族文化的流失，但是满族的精神没有消亡。（老奶奶不知道满姓 三个小伙子异口同声说没有，再加上潘绍泉的陈处）Older people away, and as the Han people moving in, intermarried with the Han, Manchu tend to localization day by day ,Although the loss of Manchu culture, the spirit of the Manchu did not die. (The Grandma dont know the surname of Manchu , the three boys all said no, plus the former residence of Pan Shaoquan)其实汉化是有历史渊源的（潘绍泉）Actually, localization has a historical origin (Pan Shaoquan)如今西陵已经成为世界文化遗产，也对外开放，成为旅游区，国家也城里文化保管处，现代主义上的守陵人，其实早已经变成国家 XiLing now has become the worlds cultural heritage, It is also open to the public and become a tourist area, our country has also established a cultural preservation, the guarding people of modernism, have become a national early.（潘绍泉）文物修起来很贵的 (Pan Shaoquan) it is very expensive to repair cultural relics.中国“十一五”时期，国家有关部门曾对清西陵泰陵西配殿，崇陵西配殿，慕陵隆恩殿、东西配殿、石构件以及泰陵五孔石拱桥等进行了保护维修，实施了泰陵石像生、昌陵石像生等安防工程，完成了泰陵、昌陵内部分马槽沟清淤、泊岸石补配归安等工程。During the Eleventh Five-Year period, the related departments has made protectional repairments for the Ching ling Tai Ling West side Hall, West side Hall in the Chong ling, Mu ling lung en Palace, the palaces and stone elements, as well as the Tai Ling five-hole stone arch bridge, put the scurity program for Tai Ling statue, the Chang Ling statue and other statues in to practice, and finished the settlerment of the Tai Ling and Chang Ling, part of Machao Gou and its port.虽然守陵人已经退出历史舞台，国家接手，但是这些守陵人的后代们，心中怀着老一辈留下的精神与责任并没有袖手旁观（老奶奶勇斗盗墓贼）Insteading of the tomb guilds, the government take the duty. The descendent of the tomb guilds didnt sit by because of their sense of duty.满族人特别讲究规矩，礼节，至今依然有着非常严格的规矩。Manchu is particular about rules and formality.They till have very strict rules up to now.（介绍）这就可以看出他们对西陵的守护精神的坚持，并非紧紧是出于偶然，他们都是从小生活在这里，对于西陵的感情也随着年代的不同而有所改变。We can see their insist guardian spirit of Kingtel,not only by accident,but they have lived here from chidrenhood,and their emotion have changed along with different time.老一代人，因为共同经历过风雨，而年轻人，或许仅仅是这里是自己的家乡而已，但总之对西陵他们都负着相同的责任，守护。The old generation experienced win and rain together.While for young people,there is just their homeland,but in general,they have common responsibility to guard the Kingtel.新生代的孩子们，天阵无邪，他们没有经历过战争 ，没有经历过浩劫十年， New generation of childr