人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes grammar教案.docx

unit 4 earthquakes教案grammar1. knowledge aims: 知识目标1) students can master the useful new words and expressions in this passage.2) students know basic knowledge about natural disasters.3) the attributive clause (i)由that, which, who, whose引导的定语从句the number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.it was heard in beijing which is one hundred kilometers away.workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.2. ability aims: 能力目标1) students reading ability can be developed.2) students learn to collect useful information from the internet by themselves.3. emotional aim: 情感目标1) students know damages earthquakes bring about and the ways to reduce losses of earthquakes.2) students to know how to protect oneself and help others in earthquakes.3) get the students to be aware of terrible disasters, meanwhile get them to face it, treat it in a proper way, and never get discouraged.教学过程1) skimming and scanning2) asking-and-answering activity to check the ss understanding of the text3) cooperative learning : pair or group work to finish each task4) task-based teaching and learning5) discussion教学重难点important teaching points1. students can know basic knowledge about natural disasters.2. students learn about tangshan earthquake.grammarthe attributive clause (i)- that, which, who, whoseread the sentences from the text.1. it was felt in beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. 2. a huge crack that was eight kilometers longs and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 3. the number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 4. later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook tangshan. 5. workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 【要点精析】定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起“定语”的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句全部内容；通常在被修饰的词语(即“先行词”)之后，由“关系词”引导。定语从句“关系词”具有的三种功能：(1) 引导一个定语从句(在定语从句开头);(2) 替代“先行词”(省去从句中对应的he / she / it / they / him / her / them /house );(3) 在定语从句中充当成分(作主语/宾语/ 定语/状语)。 指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关系词。1. the boy who / that broke the window is called jack.2. the man (whom /who) i talked to just now is mr. li. 3. the car (that / which) he bought yesterday is a second-hand one.4. harry is the boy whose mother is our maths teacher.5. we live in a house whose window opens to the south. 【名师点津】关系代词在定语从句中的运用：1. 先行词指人时，用关系代词that / who (whom), 在句中作主语或宾语；2. 先行词是物时，用关系代词that / which，在从句中作主语或宾语；3. whose 在从句中作定语，既可指人，表示“某(些)人的”；也可指物，表示“某物的”； 4. 关系代词that、 who、whom、which 在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词的用法who / whom 1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）the professor who visited our school yesterday is from canada.2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)the man (whom/who) i talked to just now is mr. li.the man to whom i talked just now is mr. li. 3.which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) these are the trees which were planted last year.the radio (which) he is using is made in japan. is this the library (which) you borrow books from?is this the library from which you borrow books? 4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略) a plane is a machine. it can fly.a plane is a machine that can fly.he is the man. i told you about him.he is the man (that) i told you about. 5. whose 在定语从句中作定语，既可指人，也可指物。指物时可与 of which互换使用。this is the book whose cover is blue.this is the book of which the cover is blue. 在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that 1. 当先行词为everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much等不定代词时。如：this book contains much / little that is useful.这本书中有很多 / 没有多少有用的东西。i mean the one that was bought yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。2.当先行词被all, each, few, much, every, no, some, any 等不定代词修饰时。如：i have read all the book (that) you gave me.我把你给我的书都看了。there are some jobs (that) men cant do very well. 有些工作男人无法做好。 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：this is the first film (that) i have seen since i came here.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。this is the biggest apple (that) i have ever eaten.这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。4. 先行词既指人又指物时。如：we were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools (that) we had visited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。 5. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如：mary is the only friend (that) i have in australia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。 she is the very thief (that) the policeman is looking for.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。the last place they visited was the summer palace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。 6. 先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：this is a dictionary that will help you a lot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。dont cheat me. im no longer the boy that i was three years ago. 别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。 【语法过关】1. the old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other. 解析：空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作主语，所以选that。 2. thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. 解析：句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器” 。空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose。3. the old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. 解析：所填词引导定语从句，先行词是the old temple，关系词在从句中做roof的定语，用关系代词whose，选d。其余选项与题意不符。4. children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 解析：不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。较简单。本定语从句不缺成分，为主系表结构，因此只能在考虑填关系副词。a中的what不能引导定语从句。选b 符合题意。 5. ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ i met in the english speech contest last year. 解析：该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students，故选关系代词who，即a项6. i refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. 解析：不定代词something作主语，用that引导。 7. the prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination 解析：先行词是the writer，关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。 8. youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family. (2011上海) 解析：先行词是taxis，关系代词which在定语从句中作宾语9. the exact year _ angela and her family spent together in china was 2008. （2014安徽） 解析：本题定语从句的先行词是the exact year，后面的定语从句angela and her family spent together in china中动词spent后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which引导这个定语从句，并在句中做宾语。10. among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. （2014江西） 解析：本题先行词是the many dangers，在定语从句中关系代词which指代先行词在句中作为动词face的宾语，可以省略。句义：在士兵面对的很多危险中，也许最大的危险是雾吧！故a正确。二、用适当的关系词填空。 1. the most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ i have said.2. she spent the whole evening talking about the things and the persons _ none of us has ever heard of.3. i have bought a very watch _ was advertised on tv.4. the president made a speech in _ he expressed his satisfaction.5. i know the boy _ mother is a friend of mine.6. whats the name of the boy _ bicycle you borrowed?7. i dont know the man to _ i spoke on the phone just now.8. he is a person _ always thinks more of others.9. is there anything _ i can do for you here?10. the woman _ jack was sitting next to on the plane talked all the time.11. the beds _ we slept in last night werent very comfortable.三、将下列每组句子合并成一个含定语从句复合句。1. the writer is very famous in our city. we met her yesterday.2. the dress is fashionable. she is wearing it.3. im listening to the mp4. it belongs to tom.4. is that the company? your father once worked in the comp