译林版必修四unit 2 sports events language points学案.docx

.核心必记单词1.delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的delight n.快乐，高兴；vt.使高兴delightful adj.使人快乐的；令人愉快的；宜人的2.significance n.重要性，意义significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的；意味深长的3.tradition n.传统；风俗traditional adj.传统的；风俗的；惯例的traditionally adv.传统地4.compete vi.比赛；竞争competitive adj.竞争的competitor n.竞争者competition n.比赛；竞争5.honour n.尊敬；荣幸；节操；荣誉；vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)honoured adj.(指人)受人尊敬的；感到荣幸的honourable adj.光荣的，可敬的6.absence n.缺席，不在场；不存在absent adj.缺席的，不在的7.excite vt.使激动，使兴奋excited adj.兴奋的，激动的exciting adj.令人激动的，使人兴奋的excitement n.兴奋，激动8.attempt n.& vt.尝试，努力，试图attempted adj.未遂的9.otherwise adv.否则，不然10.association n.协会，社团；关联；联想associate vt.联想；联系；adj.非正式的；联合的associated adj.有关联的；有联系的11.origin n.起源，起因；出身original adj.原来的；起初的；首创的；非复制的originally adv.原来；起初12.technique n.技术，工艺，技巧13.remove vt.去除，移开；开除；免除，解除(职务) removal n.去除；移动；免职；搬迁14.unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的；与众不同的15.power n.力量；能量；影响力；权力；统治；vt.驱动，提供动力powerful adj.强大的；强有力的16.unfair adj.不公正的，不公平的fair adj.公平的，公正的fairly adv.公正地；相当地17.bitter adj.愤愤不平的；令人不快的；味苦的；严寒的18.meanwhile adv.与此同时；在此期间.阅读识记单词19.committee n.委员会20.contemporary adj.现代的，当代的；同一时代的21.medal n.奖牌，奖章，勋章22.opening n.开幕式；小孔23.gymnastics n.体操，体操训练24.champion n.冠军，优胜者25.final adj.最终的，最后的；n.决赛finally adv.最后，终于26.boundary n.边界，界限27.movement n.社会运动；移动，活动；进展28.stadium n.体育场，运动场29.transport n.交通运输系统；交通工具；运输；vt.运输，运送transportation n.运输；运输系统；运输工具30.citizen n.公民；居民31.routine n.& adj.常规(的)32.frequent adj. 频繁的，经常发生的frequently adv.频繁地，经常33.continent n.洲，大陆34.budget n.预算；vi.& vt.编制预算35.teammate n.队友36.shot n.射门，击球；射击；药物注射37.referee n.裁判；推荐人38.whistle n.哨子，口哨；呼啸，鸣叫；vi.吹口哨，吹哨子；呼啸，鸣叫39.tie vt.打成平局；(用绳、线)系，绑，捆40.precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的语境活用用所给词的正确形式填空1.this development was only possible with the introduction of electric-powered(power) engines and lifts.2.i studied the delightful(delight) forms of the cactus(仙人掌).i watched for the desert sunsets.3.our standard course guarantees a significant(significance) increase in your confidence in a foreign language.4.at the graduation ceremony，our headmaster required us to raise our competitive(compete) awareness in modern society.5.he came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting (attempt) its first flight.6.most positive emotions are associated(associate) with approach behaviour：we move closer to people we like.7.i was excited to know that china had launched tiangong-1.when i told my brother about it，he jumped with excitement.(excite)8.he is always absent from class，and his absence makes his head teacher angry.(absence)9.originally，i thought he was from canada，but it turned out he was a frenchman by origin.(origin)10.three children were removed(remove) from school for persistent bad behaviour.1.“校园设施”知多少(1)stadium体育馆(2)library图书馆(3)canteen食堂(4)dormitory宿舍(5)laboratory实验室2.“联系”多多link，contact，touch，relation，connection3.-mate后缀小结(1)teammate队友(2)classmate同班同学(3)roommate室友(4)schoolmate校友(5)deskmate同桌4.trans-前缀动词(1)transport运输(2)transfer转让；转学(3)translate翻译(4)transform使改变；使改观1.every five years每五年2.in honour of为向表示敬意3.make contributions to对作出贡献4.lead the way领先5.hang on (在逆境中)坚持6.join sb.in doing sth.和某人一起做某事7.pass sth.on (to sb.) 转交，传给，递给(某人)8.come up with想出；提出；赶上；设法拿出9.be related to与相关10.apply to适用于；申请；把运用于11.under control处于控制之下12.make way for给让路，让位于语境活用用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空1.to meet this minimum goal，the agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years.2.considering his high social status，it is really hard for us to oppose his joining us in going west to teach children there.(2018淮海中学月考)3.scientists have come up with a shocking idea already.4.some diseases，apart from external wounds，are related to genetics to some extent.5.later i decided to apply my previous experience to learning(learn) how to read and write.6.its sad to see the old museum being taken down to make way for a new shopping center.1.“n.prep.n.”短语(1)arm in arm臂挽着臂地(2)hand in hand手拉手地(3)side by side肩并肩地(4)face to face面对面地(5)heart to heart心连心地2.“byn.”短语集锦(1)by chance/accident/coincidence偶然，碰巧(2)by tradition按照传统(3)by origin出身为，原籍为(4)by design故意地1.“no matter疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论” today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take part，no matter what nation they come from.如今，世界各地的男女运动员都能参加，无论他们来自哪个国家。2.make itadj./n.(for sb.) to do sth.he dreamt that the olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace.他梦想着奥运会将有可能让所有国家的人民共同生活在和平之中。3.while表示前后两种情况的对比，意为“然而”the kangaroos were out of the tournament，while the eagles continued on.袋鼠队被淘汰出了联赛，然而，鹰队继续进行比赛。4.形容词(短语)作状语，表示伴随的情况the eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament.鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。句式仿写1.科学家说，无论你的冒险性处于哪个阶段，你的冒险意愿在青少年时期都会上升。no matter where you are on the risk-seeking range，scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.2.不管他在哪里，早饭前出去散步是他的一贯做法。no matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.3.它(网上投票)对有些人是有益的，然而，也让一些人对是否投票陷入两难的境地。(2016江苏)it is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.4.又渴又饿，她走进饭店，在一张小桌旁坐了下来。thirsty and hungry，she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a little table. delight n.高兴；令人高兴的事；乐趣vt.使高兴；使欣喜拓展词：delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的，欣喜的delightful adj.令人愉快的，使人高兴的(1)to ones delightto the delight of sb.使某人高兴的是with delight高兴地take delight in (doing).以(做)为乐(2)delight in (doing) sth.以(做)某事为乐delight sb.with sth.用某物使某人高兴(3)be delighted at/with sth./to do sth.为(做)而高兴(1)to my delight，i was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.令我高兴的是，我从几百个申请者中脱颖而出，被选中参加开幕式了。(2)we delight in/take delight in going for long walks in the country.我们乐于去乡间远足。(3)on seeing gift they wanted，the kids screamed with delight.a./；a b.a；thec.the；/ d.the；a答案c解析“ gift they wanted”意为“他们想要的礼物”，表示特指，故第一空应填the；with delight表示“欣然地，高兴地”，为固定搭配，故选c。句式升级(4)im delighted at your ability and ill go on working with you.(改为简单句)delighted at your ability，ill go on working with you.易错点拨(1)delight in doing sth.与be delighted to do sth.不同，前者意为“喜欢做某事”(指一种习惯)，后者意为“做某事感到高兴”(指特定行为)。(2)现代英语中不存在delighting这个形容词，所以不要用它来表示delightful的意思。 significance n.重要性，意义拓展词：significant adj.重要的；显著的be of great significancebe very significant非常重要的be of no significance无意义，不重要attach significance to重视(1)timely encouragement from a teacher is very significant/of great significance to his/her students.老师及时的鼓励对学生很重要。(2)he didnt appear to attach any significance to our question.他看起来一点儿也不重视我们的问题。(3)the discovery was made in the 1950s，while the of it was not recognized until half a century later.a.sacrifice b.differencec.significance d.insurance答案c解析句意为：这项发现始于二十世纪五十年代，而人们在五十年后才认识到它的重要性。sacrifice牺牲；difference不同；significance重要性；insurance保险。故选c。熟词生义写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(4)although the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.大量的；相当数量的 compete vi.竞争；比赛拓展词：competitor n.竞争者；对手competition n.比赛competitive adj.有竞争力的compete in参加的比赛(或竞赛)；在方面竞争compete for 为而竞争compete with/against 和竞争(1)working in such a competitive industry，ive sometimes thought，“i cant do this any more.”在这样一个竞争激烈的行业里工作，我有时会想：“我不能再这样做了。”(2)banks and building societies are competing fiercely for business.(填介词)(3)they found themselves competing with/against foreign companies for a share of the market.(填介词) honour n.尊敬；崇敬；荣幸；荣誉；节操vt.尊敬，敬重拓展词：honourable adj.光荣的；高尚的；尊敬的(1)in honour of为向表示敬意；为了纪念have the honour to do/of doing.有幸做its an honour to do.很荣幸做(2)honour sb.with sth.for.因授予某人某物be honoured as.被尊称为；被誉为(3)be/feel honoured to do/of doing.为做而感到荣幸(1)she is honoured as a model teacher.她被誉为模范教师。(2)poets，schools，publishers，booksellers and libraries will hold readings，competitions，book displays，educational events and other activities national poetry month.a.in honour of b.in place ofc.in spite of d.in terms of答案a解析句意为：诗人、学校、出版社、书商和图书馆将举办阅读、竞赛、书展、教育项目及其他活动来纪念“全民诗歌月”。in honour of为了纪念，符合语境。句式升级(3)i feel honoured to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.(用it作形式主语改写)it is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.熟词生义写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(4)he graduated with honours.优异成绩 absence n.c & u缺席；u不存在；缺乏拓展词：absent adj.缺席的；不在(的)；缺乏的(1)absence of mind心不在焉in sb.s absence某人不在时in the absence of sth.缺乏某物(2)be absent from缺席(be present at 出席)(1)in the absence of wolves，coyote populations also grew quickly.没有了(灰)狼，郊狼的数量也迅速增加。(2)the of severe punishments plays a major role in the growing road safety problem.a.presence b.absencec.existence d.evidence答案b解析句意为：缺乏严厉的处罚是道路安全问题日益加剧的重要原因。absence(缺乏)符合句意。(3)its likely that she will be from punishment，as our teacher has been convinced by her excuse.a.absent b.distantc.distinct d.desperate答案a解析absent缺席的，缺少的；distant遥远的；distinct有区别的，明显的；desperate不顾一切的。根据语境，此处指“她很可能会免受惩罚”，故选a。同义句改写(4)the decision was made while i was not there.the decision was made in my absence.易错点拨(1)absence通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词。(2)表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词from。 attempt n.& v.企图，试图；尝试；努力拓展词：attempted adj.未遂的(1)attempt to do/(at) doing.尝试(试图)做(2)make an attempt to do/(at) doing.尝试(试图)做at the first attempt第一次尝试一句多译(1)他们试图攀登那座小山。they attempted to climb/(at) climbing that hill.(attempt v.)they made an attempt to climb/(at) climbing that hill.(attempt n.)(2)i passed my driving test at the first attempt.第一次尝试我就通过了驾照考试。(3)the plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious was ever made to realize it.a.recognition b.commentc.attempt d.credit答案c解析句意为：这个计划是如此肤浅和不切实际，以至于没有人认真地尝试去实现它。make an attempt to do sth.尝试做某事，故选c。recognition认出；comment议论，评论；credit信用，信誉。 otherwise conj.& adv.否则；不然adv.用别的方法；其他方面adj.别的；另外的；不同的用所给词的正确形式填空(1)we didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned(telephone) him.(2)he is old and sick，otherwise he would be working(work) right now.(3)up to now，the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died(die).(4)i cant meet you on sunday.ill be occupied.a.also b.justc.nevertheless d.otherwise答案d解析句意为：周日我不能见你了，我另外有事。otherwise另外，在其他方面，符合句意。(5)we were going to play football，but it was so hot that we decided to do .(2018盐城中学段考，34)a.nevertheless b.otherwisec.regardless d.likewise答案b解析句意为：我们本来要去踢足球，但是天气如此热以至于我们决定不去踢足球而去做其他的。nevertheless然而，不过；otherwise其他方面；regardless不管，不顾；likewise同样地。易错点拨otherwise用作连词时，可表示隐含的条件，可用于虚拟语气。 associate v.使联合；联想，联系；交往n.同事；伙伴拓展词：association n.c协会，社团；u联合；结合；交往(1)associate.with.把和联系起来be associated with和有关associate with和交往或打交道(2)in association with和联合(1)there are many serious health problems associated with smoking.有许多严重的健康问题和吸烟有关。(2)we keep searching for the crashed airplane in association with another rescue team from australia.我们正和另一支来自澳大利亚的救援队联合搜寻失事的飞机。(3)why do you think people tend to red roses with love?a.match b.associatec.join d.compare答案b解析match.with.使与相配；associate.with.把和联系起来；join不和with搭配；compare.with.把和比较。根据句意“你认为为什么人们往往把红玫瑰和爱情联系起来？”可知，应选b项。 remove v.移开；拿开；去掉；除去；脱去；开除；迁移；搬迁remove.from.把从移开remove from.to.从搬到remove sb.from school开除某人；勒令某人退学remove ones doubt/trouble消除某人的疑虑/烦恼(1)when fat and salt are removed from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.当食物中去掉脂肪和盐时，食物的味道就好像缺少了什么东西。同义句改写(2)the boy was removed from the school football team and he felt very sad.removed from the school football team，the boy felt very sad. power n.能力；力量；权力；动力；vt.驱动拓展词：powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的；健壮的come to/into power掌权；执政in ones power在某人的掌控中do all/everything in ones powerdo/try ones best尽力而为；竭尽全力beyond ones power超出某人的能力范围，力所不能及(1)ever since the party came to/into power last year，great changes of peoples life have taken place.自从去年这个政党上台以来，人民的生活发生了很大变化。(2)i am sorry its beyond my to make a final decision on this project.a.strength b.powerc.force d.energy答案b解析句意为：很抱歉，关于这个项目我无权做出最终决定。beyond ones power超出某人的权力范围。熟词生义写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(3)the tractor is powered by a diesel engine(柴油机).给(车辆或机器)提供动力 hang on 别挂断(电话)；稍等；紧紧握住；坚持，不放弃hang on to保留，保存；紧紧抓住hang about/around闲荡hang out逗留；闲荡hang back退缩；踌躇不前hang up挂断电话用上述短语的正确形式填空(1)he said hed call again，and hung up on me.(2)it is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏)(3)i saw him step forward for a moment but then hang back.(4)hang on a minuteill be with you in a moment!(5)you know，those teenagers just hang out/about/around the mall with nothing to do.同义句改写(6)i know you are tired，but try not to give up.i know you are tired，but try to hang on.易错点拨hang有两层意思：一作“绞死；吊死”，规则变化；二作“悬挂”，不规则变化，过去式和过去分词都是hung。 pass sth.on (to sb.) 转交，传给，递给pass away消失；去世pass by (时间)流逝；经过(旁边)pass through通过；经历；体验pass down.to.把传给pass out昏迷；失去知觉用上述短语的正确形式填空(1)he had no children of his own，and most of his relatives had passed away.(2)please pass on the message to as many people as possible.(3)the train passed through the channel.(4)he felt sick and dizzy and then passed out.(5)three hours passing by，i became more and more impatient.句式升级(6)as time passed by，he came to realize the importance of english.(用with复合结构改写)with time passing by，he came to realize the importance of english. today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take part，no matter what nation they come from.如今，世界各地的男女运动员都能参加，无论他们来自哪个国家。(1)“no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句，相当于“疑问词ever”，意为“不管，无论”。(2)whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句；no matter what/which/who/whom只能引导让步状语从句。(1)no matter what/whatever happens，you should stay with me.无论发生什么事，你都应该和我在一起。(2)no matter how/however insignificant，it was never taken lightly.不管多不重要，它从来都没被轻视过。(3)whatever/no matter what you do，dont be a bystander.get involved.无论你做什么，都不要做一个局外人。要参与进来。(4)your support is important to our work. you can do helps.a.however b.whoeverc.whatever d.wherever答案c解析句意为：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do后面缺少宾语，且引导词引导主语从句，故用whatever。 the kangaroos were out of the tournament，while the eagles continued on.袋鼠队被淘汰出了联赛，然而，鹰队继续进行比赛。 while用法较多，既可用作连词，又可用作名词。(1)表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；(2)表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though，although；(3)表示“在期间；当时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；(4)表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；(5)用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如after a while过了一会儿；once in a while偶尔，间或。(1)it is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。(2)who will present his show while hes away?他不在时，将由谁主持他的节目？(3)most europeans refuse to accept gm food americans regard it as the fruit from high tech.a.when b.whilec.during d.as答案b解析句意为：大部分欧洲人拒绝接受转基因食品，然而美国人却把它当作是高科技的成果。when当时；during在期间；as作为，随着。while可作为连词强调两者之间的对比，意为“而；却”，故选b。一句多译(4)尽管我们取得了不小的成就，但仍然存在很多问题。while/though/although we have made great achievements，there are still many problems.great achievements as/though we have made，there are still many problems.in spite of/despite the fact that we have made great achievement