译林版选修七unit 4 public transport language points学案.docx

.核心必记单词1.convey vt.运送，输送；表达2.unfortunately adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地3.unbelievable adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的believe v.相信；认为belief n.看法，信念4.postpone vt.延迟，延期5.undertake vi.& vt.承担，从事；承诺，答应6.enlarge vi.& vt.扩大，扩展，增大 7.growth n.增加，增长；成长，生长grow vt.种植；vi.增长；成长；生长8.split vi.& vt.分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破9.annual adj.每年的，一年一次的annually adv.一年一次地10.arise vi.出现，产生11.aggressive adj.好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的12.fine vt.处以罚金13.drunk adj.喝醉的；n.醉汉，酒鬼14.load n.负荷，负载，大量，许多；vt.装载，装上，装入.阅读识记单词15.outer adj.远离中心的，外围的；外表的，表层的16.via prep.经由，经过(某一地方)；通过，凭借17.section n.部分；部件；部门18.choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞；n.哽咽声，呛住的声音19.authority n.权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权20.prime adj.首要的，主要的；n.盛年，鼎盛时期21.user-friendly adj.方便用户的，便于使用的22.anniversary n.周年纪念日23.subway n.地铁24.enquiry n.询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究enquire vt.& vi.询问，打听25.handful n.少量的人或物；一把(的量)26.detail n.具体情况，详情，细节detailed adj.详细的，细致的27.reservation n.预订，预约；保留意见reserve v.保留；预订；储备；n.贮藏(物)；储备28.timetable n.时间表，时刻表29.departure n.离开，出发；背离，违反depart vi.离开，出发30.punctual adj.准时的，守时的punctually adv.准时地31.pedestrian n.行人，步行者；adj.行人(使用)的32.crash n.& vi.& vt.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃33.violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯34.brake n.刹车，车闸；vt.用车闸减速，刹车35.crossing n.人行横道；十字路口，交叉点；穿越语境活用用所给词的正确形式填空1.we shared the belief(believe) that if youre fortunate enough to have success，you should put something back.2.i will develop and follow a personal growth(grow) plan for my life.(2016江苏)3.i am an enthusiastic supporter of project hope and my wife and i contribute to it annually(annual).4.youd better make seat reservations(reserve) well in advance in case all the seats are occupied when you arrive.5.the committee has handed in a detailed(detail) account of the development of the atom bomb to the government.6.we were planning to enlarge(large) the garden when we got the news that this area would be rebuilt.7.on his departure(depart) for the airport，i found his passport left on the table.8.is it he or you who are in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually(punctual)?9.the firefighters rapidly unload(load) the water hose，ready to pump water to put out the fire.10.from her choked(choke) voice i can tell that something unpleasant has happened to her.1.under-前缀动词(1)undertake承担，从事；承诺，答应(2)underwrite写在下面；承保(3)underline在下画线(4)underestimate低估(5)undergo遭受，经历2.-sive后缀形容词(1)aggressive好斗的；挑衅的；富于攻击性的(2)offensive冒犯的；极其讨厌的；攻击性的(3)passive被动的；消极的(4)impressive令人印象深刻的(5)massive大量的，巨大的3.-ation后缀名词(1)reservation预订，预约；保留意见(2)qualification资格，资历(3)reputation名誉，名声(4)congratulation祝贺，恭喜(5)immigration移民，移居(6)inspiration灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)1.drop off中途下客或卸货2.traffic jam堵车，交通堵塞3.link up联合，连接4.at (.) intervals每隔距离或时间5.put through给某人接通(电话)；使经历6.decide on/upon决定，选定7.put off推迟，推延；使反感8.turn up出现，到来；调高(音量等)9. fill in填写(表格)；消磨(时间)10.a handful of少数的，少量的11.split up分组，分解；分离12.speed up (使)加速13.arise from起因于，由引起语境活用用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空1.my friend emailed back to tell me she had split up with her husband for months.2.according to the weather forecast，it will rain tomorrow，in which case，well have to put off the sports meet till next saturday.3.its reported that more and more cities are faced with the problem of road safety and the deaths arising from it.4.it was reported that the two spacecraft linked up with each other in orbit yesterday.5.it was a remarkable coincidence that john should turn up here just when we needed him.6.can you speed up a little? ill be late for my flight.7.my interest in sports has dropped off since i became a high school student.1.盘点“动词up”短语(1)link up连接(2)speed up加快速度(3)bring up抚养(4)put up举起，建起；提供；供给住宿(5)take up拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间)(6)clear up天气放晴；整理；消除2.fill短语(1)fill in填写(2)fill out填写；膨胀；变胖(3)fill up充满；(使)填满；装满(4)be filled with充满3.“动词through”短语(1)go through仔细察看；经历；遭受(2)get through完成；接通(电话)；通过(考试)；穿过(马路等)；用完(3)look through快速查看；浏览(4)live through经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存(5)see through看透，看穿，识破(骗局等)1.would have done本会however，most trains to london only went to the outer city limits，because building railway tracks into the city would have damaged many old buildings.但大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界，因为在市区修建铁路会损坏许多古建筑。2.现在分词的完成式作状语having seen the situation，a wealthy american businessman，charles yerkes，undertook the job of improving the system in 1902.看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善(地铁)系统的工程3.why not.？为什么不呢？so，why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today?所以，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观赏一番呢？句式仿写1.我当时系着安全带。如果没系的话，我会受伤的。i was wearing a seatbelt.if i hadnt been wearing one，i would have been injured.2.工作了两天后，史蒂夫设法准时完成了报告。having worked for two days，steve managed to finish his report on schedule.3.但是为什么不现在就开始呢？but why not start now？ postpone vt.推迟，延期postpone doing.推迟做postpone.to/until.延迟到(1)lets postpone making a decision until we have more information.咱们在获得更多情报之后再做决定吧。(2)because it was raining，we postponed the match to/until tomorrow.因为下雨，我们把比赛推迟到明天举行。 undertake vt.着手做；从事；承担；许诺，答应；试图undertaken./pron.承担undertake to do着手做；答应做undertake that.答应(1)he undertakes to study hard from now on./he undertakes that he will study hard from now on.他答应从现在起努力学习。(2)china will greater international responsibilities.this not only meets the expectations of the international community，but also serves chinas own interests.a.guarantee b.sponsorc.concentrate d.undertake答案d解析guarantee保证，担保；sponsor赞助，发起；concentrate专心于，注意；undertake承担，从事。undertake responsibilities承担责任，中国日益发展，作为大国在世界所肩负的责任，不是靠保证，不是来发起，也不只是关注(这里concentrate需与on搭配)，而是出于意愿去承担。故选d。 split vi.& vt.分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破；分担split up分组；使解散；分离；断绝关系split (up) into分开(成几个部分)split away/off from(使)从脱离/分裂出去(1)shes split up with her boyfriend because of different characters.由于性格不合，她已和男友分手了。(2)a class with 40 kids is more likely to opposing groups than one with 20，which may explain why students tend to do better in smaller classes.a.look into b.split intoc.break into d.run into答案b解析句意为：一个有40个孩子的班级比一个只有20个孩子的班级更容易分成对立组，这也许可以解释为什么小班的学生学得更好。split (up) into分开(成几部分)，符合句意。 arise vi.出现；发生；起身；起床写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(1)seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身；站起(2)no further financial problems arose，but we once couldnt make both ends meet.出现(3)they arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床易错点拨arise作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词，如：argument，problem，quarrel，question，movement等，多指不好的事情发生。词义辨析arise，rise，raise(1)arise vi.，意为“出现；发生；起因于”。(2)rise vi.，意为“升起；上升；起身；增长”。(3)raise vt.，意为“提升；举起；饲养；抚养；提出”。用arise，rise，raise的正确形式填空(4)this is a problem arising out of the lack of communication.(5)the book raises many important issues for our consideration.(6)the river has risen by several metres so far. load n.负担；负荷；大量，许多vt.装载；装入，装上(1)take a load off ones mind卸下心头重负loads ofa load of许多(2)load.with.用装载o/onto.把装入(到)load up装载be loaded with负载(1)knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.得知他们已安全到达，我如释重负。(2)there are loads of/a load of great places to see in australia.在澳大利亚有很多值得看的好地方。(3)the goods the truck is loaded with consist mainly of food and medicine.卡车装载的货物主要是食品和药物。易错点拨a load of/loads of后可跟可数或不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词取得一致。 decide on/upon 决定；选定(1)decide to do.(decide on doing.)决定做decide not to do.( decide against doing)决定不做decide between在之间选择it be decided that.决定(2)make a decision做决定(1)he decided to go abroad./he decided on going abroad.他决定出国。(2)the girl decided not to marry the doctor./the girl decided against marrying the doctor.这位姑娘决定不嫁给这位医生。(3)it has been decided that he shall be given the job.已决定给他这份工作。 speed up (使)加速；加快(1)at high/low/full/top speed以高/低/全/最高速with all speed以最快速度，开足马力地at a speed of以速度(2)slow down 减速(1)the car slowed down at the turning，so i speeded up to catch up with it.那辆车在拐弯的地方减速了，于是我加速赶上了它。(2)the car went at a speed of 100 kilometers an hour.那辆车以每小时100公里的速度开过去了。熟词生义写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(3)drivers who are caught speeding risk a heavy fine.违章超速行驶易错点拨speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded，speeded或sped，sped，但当它与副词up连用时，通常只用规则形式。 having seen the situation，a wealthy american businessman，charles yerkes，undertook the job of improving the system in 1902.看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善(地铁)系统的工程having done sth.以及having been done是现在分词的完成式，表示该动作先于主句的谓语动词完成，在句子中可作时间状语和原因状语。(1)many chinese brands， their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.(2017江苏，21)a.having developedb.being developedc.developedd.developing答案a解析句意为：很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着现代市场带来的新挑战。“ their reputations over centuries”在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。句子主语many chinese brands与动词develop之间是主动关系，且句中有延续性的时间状语over centuries，这里应该用现在分词的完成式表示主动和延续性的动作，因此选a。句式升级(2)over the past ten months，i have been working deep into the night.therefore，i believe i can succeed and enter the ideal college.(用非谓语动词作状语改写)having been working deep into the night for ten months，i believe i can succeed and enter the ideal college. so，why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today？所以，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观赏一番呢？(1)why not.？有三重含义：表示建议，意为“为什么不做呢？做如何？”why not跟不带to的不定式，即why not do.？why dont/wont you do.？；表示对否定陈述的回答，意为“为什么不；为什么是那样？”；表示同意，意为“当然可以，好啊”。(2)why is it that.？是因为什么？(强调句)(1)why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one?如果你的钱不够买辆新车，你为什么不先买辆二手车呢？(2)shall we go to the station on foot? a.thats right. b.im afraid not.c.why not? d.i think so.答案c解析句意为：我们步行去车站好吗？行啊。thats right.对，正确；im afraid not.恐怕不行；why not？行啊；为什么不呢？；i think so.我认为如此。根据语境可知问句是提出建议，下文要使用回答建议的用语，故选c项。.教材与任务型阅读，每空一词the first underground in the world1.reasons for the development of the underground systema 2.small number of trains went to the city centre. the increased number of vehicles on the road 3.caused unbelievable traffic jams.development before world warin 1863，the initial tunnels were opened. in 1868，the next section of the underground system was opened in the 4.south of london. in 1884，the underground service was 5.provided in the middle of london and the first railway tunnel under the river thames was dug. over the next twenty-five years，six independent deep underground lines were constructed.after a rich american businessman bought the lines,6.connections were built between train lines.special 7.uses/functions during world war bomb 8.shelters，an underground airplane factory，an anti-aircraft centre and meeting rooms.expansion after world warafter wo