湖州师范学院2013届学位英语考试四.doc

湖州师范学院2013届学位英语考试复习题四（仅供2013届抵学位考试参考用）Part I Reading Comprehension (40%)Section A： Fast Reading Directions: In this part, you will be asked to go over the passage quickly and then mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage for the questions given below. Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at last one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we learn from him today. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot-observations.You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Judge for yourself. Jefferson refused to accept other peoples opinions without careful thought. “Neither believe nor reject anything,” he wrote to his nephew, “because any other person has rejected or believed it. Heaved has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it.” Jefferson felt that the people “may safely be trusted to hear everything true and false, and to form a correct judgment.” Do what you believe is right. In a free country there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength. It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. Though Jefferson was for many years the object of strong criticism, he never answered his critics. He expressed his philosophy in letters to a friend, There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with decision and on it with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.Trust the future; trust the young. Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness. No society, he said, can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. The earth belongs to the living generation. He did not fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future. How much pain, he remarked, has been caused by evils which have never happened! I expect the best, not the worst. I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind. Jeffersons courage and idealism were based on knowledge. He probably knew more than any other man of his age. Of all Jeffersons many talents, one is central. He was above all a good and tireless writer. His complete works, now being published for the first time, will fill more than fifty volumes. His talent as an author was soon discovered, and when the time came to write the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia in 1776, the task of writing it was his. Millions have thrilled to his words: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal1. Thomas Jefferson is no more famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but he was mostly remembered as the writer of the Declaration of Independence. ( )2. It was Jefferson who helped Lafayette to get a better understanding of the French people and the oncoming revolution. ( )3. Only after careful consideration was Jefferson willing to accept other peoples opinions. ( )4. Jefferson was, for many years, the target of strong criticism and he battled against it with his own unique philosophy. ( )5. Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs because they had all lost their usefulness. ( )Section B: Reading in Depth Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage oneWomen are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System administration for not encouraging women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1987 update, Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patricia Witherspoon said it is important that woman be flexible when it comes to relocating if they want to rise in the ranks. Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia, inequities will exist.“Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University.” Spirduso said. “If they do that, they will be successful in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time.”6. According to Spirduso, women need to _.A. produce a report on sexual discriminationB. call for further improvement in their working conditionsC. spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationD. spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities7. From this passage, we know that _.A. there are many women full professors in the University of TexasB. women play an important part in administrating the UniversityC. the weather on the campus is chillyD. women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University8. Which of the following statements is true?A. the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985B. the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985C. the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985D. more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University9. One of the positive results from Milburns study was that _.A. women were told to concentrate on their work B. women were given information about available administrative jobs C. women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the University.D. women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities.10. The title for this passage should be _.A. The University of TexasB. Milburns ReportC. Women ProfessorsD. Sexual Discrimination in AcademiaPassage TwoAs the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between fight or flight and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.11. People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_.A. they do not know how to enjoy themselvesB. they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthC. they are travelling fast all the time D. they are becoming busier with their work12. According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his _.A. not fearing stressB. knowing the art of relaxationC. high sense of responsibilityD. having control over performance13. Which of the following statements is true?A. We can find some ways to avoid stress.B. Stress is always harmful to people.C. It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.D. Different people can withstand different amounts of stress14. In Paragraph 3, “such a reaction” refers back to_. A. “making a choice between flight or fight” B. “reaction to stress both chemically and physically” C. “responding to crises quickly” D. “losing heart at the signs difficulties”15. In the last sentence of the passage, “do so” refers to _.A. expose ourselves to stressB. find ways to deal with stressC. remove stress from our livesD. established links between diseases and stressPassage ThreeAnne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldnt think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher. Another student in microbiology had similar experiences. He said, “My first chemistry test was very difficult .Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldnt have even written them down!”These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and it uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cant write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety had been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students. Special university counseling courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tension. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease .Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.An expert at the University of California explains. “With almost all students, relaxation and less stress are felt after taking out program. Most of then experience better control during their tests. Almost all have some improvement. With some, the improvement is very great.”16. To “blank out” is probably_.A. to be like a blanketB. to be sure of an answerC. to be unable to think clearlyD. to show knowledge to the teacher17. Poor grades are usually the result of _.A. poor hygienic habitsB. lazinessC. lack of sleepD. inability to form good study habits18. Test anxiety has been recognized as _.A. an excuse for lazinessB. the result of poor habitsC. a real problemD. something that cant be changed19. To deal with this problem, students say they want to _.A. take a short course on anxietyB. read about anxietyC. be able to manage or understand their anxietyD. take test to prove they are not anxiety20. A University of California counselor said_.A. all students could overcome the anxiety after taking a special test anxiety programB. almost all students felt less stress after taking a University of California counseling courseC. students found it difficult to improve even though they had taken a special test anxiety courseD. students found it easy to relax as soon as they entered a University of California counseling coursePart II Vocabulary and Structure (10%)21.Johnsnewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_thatnothinghadbeenomitted. A.clearB.understandableC.comprehensive D.protective 22.Everypartofanewcarshouldbecarefullycheckedbefore_. A.assemblyB.applicationC.combinationD.input 23.Thechildrenwillnotbeallowedtogowithusiftheydont_themselvesbetter. A.directB.declareC.behaveD.conduct 24.Hewasgiven_payforworkingovertime. A.overB.doubleC.lessD.equal 25.They_ustoaswimmingcontest. A.invadedB.appealedC.challengedD.charged26.Whenshewasdead,manyofherfriendscametoattendher_. A.meetingB.funeralC.ceremonyD.bury 27.Theofficer_thesuspecttowaitatthesceneofthecrime. A.allowedB.forcedC.persuadedD.enabled 28.Hehadwaitedsolongthathebecame_. A.impatientB.patientC.quietD.reserved29. It is _ to eat hot foods in Chongqing city.A. casual B. typical C. formal D. false30. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied _. A. originally B. extremely C. violently D. intensively31. The system is extremely _ because it runs on half-price electricity.A. economic B. economy C. economical D. economize32. The United Nations was supposed to _ the role of global peacekeeper.A. undertake B. underway C. undergo D. underestimate33. Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply _. A. appreciated B. approved C. appealed D. applied34. Our son doesnt know what to _ at the university; he cant make up his mind about his future. A. take in B. take up C. take over D. take after 35. If the whole operation _ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. A. was not planned B. has not been planned C. had not been planned D. were not planned36. The project _ by the end of 2000, will expand the citys telephone