第一部分 必修1 Unit 4　Earthquakes.doc

Unit 4Earthquakes(对应学生用书第19页)单词拼写应用.考纲单词会拼写、要识记1burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发2event n. 事件；大事3ruin n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产4destroy vt. 毁坏；破坏；消灭5trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境6bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏7damage n& vt. 损失；损害8earthquake n. 地震9canal n. 运河；水道10track n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹11electricity n. 电；电流；电学12disaster n. 灾难；灾祸13shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处14reporter n. 记者15sincerely adv. 真诚地；真挚地16headline n. 报刊的大字标题.派生单词能辨别1nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国家的；民族的2dirt n污垢；泥土dirty adj.脏的；肮脏的3suffer vt.&vi.遭受；忍受suffering n苦难；痛苦sufferer n患者；受害者4extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.非常；极其；极端地5injure vt.损害；伤害injury n伤害；损害injured adj.受伤的；受损害的6useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的useful adj.有用的7shock n休克；震惊；打击 vt.& vi.( 使)震惊；震动shocked adj.震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的8rescue n&vt.援救；营救rescuer n救援者9frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的10congratulate v祝贺congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词11judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决judgment n判断；裁判；判决书12express vt.表示；表达 n快车；速递expression n表达；表情；措辞.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frightening scene.(frighten)2The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulation encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)3In the crash he was seriously injuredHe suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.(injure)4He expressed his thanks to us，with a thankful expression on his face.(express)拓展联想合成名词(n.n.)bookmark书签website网站basketball 篮球 homework家庭作业短语多维应用.短语回顾会默写1right_away立刻；马上2think_little/nothing_of 以为没什么了不起3at_an_end 结束；终结4in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪5dig_out 掘出；发现6a(great)_number_of 许多；大量的7be_proud_of 为自豪8judging_from 从判断9be_trapped_in 陷入10be_buried_in 埋头于.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)1If you are at home and you smell gas, open the windows and get out of the building right_away2Judging_from what you say in your letter, you dont get along well with your classmates.3Its reported that a_great_number_of people were rescued from the ruins.4The earthquake happened and the whole town was in_ruins in less than twenty minutes.5I must warn you that my patience is almost at_an_end6I was_trapped_in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.拓展联想“埋头于；专心于”的多种表达be lost in be absorbed inbe occupied in be devoted to“think副词of”短语think highly of 重视；看得起think well of 重视think poorly of 轻视think badly of 认为不好句式结构仿写教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.too.to.太而不能In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.1.我的弟弟年龄太小，不能独自一人去上学。My brother is too_young_to_go_to_school on his own.2.It seemed as if 似乎/好像It seemed as if the world was at an end！2.我童年的一切仿佛刚刚发生一样。 【导学号：65670019】It_seemed_as_if everything in my childhood had just happened.3.everywhere引导让步状语从句Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.3.无论他走到哪里，他都受到热烈欢迎。Everywhere_he_went，he received a warm welcome.4.all.not.表部分否定All hope was not lost.4.并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我应严格要求他们。All_students_dont_obey the school rules，so as a teacher，I should be strict with them.(对应学生用书第20页)精讲5个考纲单词 burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发教材原句In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。(1)burst in/into闯入；突然破门而入(2)突然哭起来/笑起来(3)a burst of 一阵a burst of laughter 一阵大笑Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.突然门开了，一群孩子突然闯入。He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。 链接写作听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。When they heard this，the whole class burst_into_laughter and my deskmates face turned red.Hearing_this，the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmates face turned red.(分词作状语) ruin n. U毁灭；毁坏；常用复数废墟vt.(使)毁坏；成为废墟经典例句It was this mistake that ruined his chances of getting the job.(牛津词典)正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。(1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟fall into ruin 毁灭；毁坏bring.to ruin 使毁灭；使没落；使破产(2)ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人ruin ones health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，让我们彻夜未眠。Drunk driving not only ruined himself(he) but also killed several passersby.酒驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。 链接写作地震过后，一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。(普通表达)After the earthquake，a village was_ruinedIt was once very attractive.(高级表达)After the earthquake，a village which_was_once_very_attractive_was_ruined(定语从句) injure vt.损害；伤害经典例句Believe it or not，what you said just now injured her pride.信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了她的自尊。(1)injured adj.受伤的the injured 伤员(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人But now，because my left foot was injured(injure)in the football game，I cannot go with you as planned.(北京高考)但现在，由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了，我不能像计划的那样和你一起去。A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the injured to the hospital.在十字路口发生了可怕的交通事故，救护车把伤者火速送到医院。 bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏教材原句The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。(1)bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面(2)埋头于；专心于be buried in thought沉思I was looking for my handbag，which was buried under a pile of old newspapers.我正在找我那被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying(bury)herself in a book.女孩坐在公园的长凳上，专心读着书。 链接写作 【导学号：65670020】因为他专心学习，所以没有意识到其他人都早已离开了。(普通表达) Because_he_was_buried_in his study，he wasnt aware that all the others had left.(原因状语从句)(高级表达) Burying_himself_in his study，he wasnt aware that all the others had left.(现在分词作状语)(高级表达) Buried_in his study，he wasnt aware that all the others had left.(过去分词作状语) judge vt.断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官教材原句Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.一组五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。(1)judge.from/by.从来判断judge sb.to be 判断某人为as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from 从上看；根据判断As the saying goes，“We should never judge a person by his looks.”常言道，“我们不能以貌取人。”According to what he said，we can judge him to_be (be) a clever boy.根据他所说的话，我们可以判断他是一个聪明的男孩。 【导学号：65670021】Judging(judge) from the look on her face，she might have failed the exam.从她脸上的表情判断，她考试可能失败了。名师点津judging from/by 表示“从上看，根据判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。诠释2个核心短语 at an end 结束；终结经典例句My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.假期结束了，明天我必须回去上班。(1)at the end of在尽头；在末端by the end of 到结束时；到时候为止in the end 最后；终于(2)使结束(3)end up with 以结束end up doing sth. 最终在做某事Go straight and youll find the hospital at the end of the road.一直往前走，你会在这条路的尽头找到这家医院。By the end of last month，we had_finished(finish) the work.到上个月末，我们已经完成了这项工作。At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing(apologize)最初他拒不承认有任何责任，但最终还是道了歉。 a (great) number of 许多；大量的经典例句I gave away a great number of books to the children there.我向那儿的孩子捐赠了许多书。Now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位数量却经常不足。There are (be)a great many talented people waiting to be discovered.众多有才华的人有待于被发现。A great deal of money was_donated(donate)to a university by an ordinary worker，which aroused public attention.一位普通的工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注。突破2个高考句型 (教材P26)It seemed as_if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！as if(as though)“似乎，好像”，在句中引导表语从句或方式状语从句。It looks as if it is going to rain.(陈述语气)看起来似乎要下雨。It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had_done(do)it？(虚拟语气)打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？A young couple in a boat were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they were(be)the only people in the world.一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像世界上只有他们两个人。 (教材P26)All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型，all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都”。(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely等词与not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more，no longer，no way等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because not all of them are fit for them.Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because all_of_them_arent_fit_for them.并非所有的求职者都能找到工作，因为并非所有人都能胜任这些工作。He told me all pieces of the news，but none of them was very exciting.他告诉了我所有的消息，但没有一件激动人心的。 链接写作这两道数学题并非都很难。Both_of_the_two_math_problems_are_not very difficult.Not_both_of_the_two_math_problems are very difficult.(教材P26)In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。句型：too.to.太而不能(1)too.to.与not或never连用时，意为“无论也不过分，越越好”。cannot be too.再也不过分(2)too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy.to.表示肯定，意为“过于、太会”。We had intended to take a twoday trip，but we were too busy to afford it.我们本打算旅游两天，但是太忙了，抽不出时间。As far as Im concerned，you cant be too careful while driving.就我个人而言，开车时你越细心越好。多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型(对应学生用书第23页).单句语法填空1Having gone through two world wars，the castle has fallen into ruin.2I received his mothers phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badly injured(injure) in an accident the day before yesterday.3A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue(rescue) those trapped in the building.4This frightened(frighten) boy is looking for his mother now who was lost in the disaster.5Lily had to take a taxi because the box was too heavy to carry all the way home.6We offered our congratulations (congratulate) to you on your passing the 2017 College Entrance Examination.7As a matter of fact，it was an extremely (extreme) difficult and dangerous task.8On hearing the news that her son had won the game，she burst into laughter(laugh).单句改错1To our relief, up to now the injured in the crash has been rushed to the nearby hospital.hashave2George is organized, easygoing, hardworking and intelligent.In a word, I cant think too high of him. 【导学号：65670022】highhighly3The whole city was completely destroyed in the sudden flood, leaving everything to the native people.everythingnothing4She is always talking as though she knows everything under the sun.knowsknew5When the children heard the frightened story，they were scared to death.frightenedfrightening(对应学生用书第23页).课文语法填空根据P26课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28，1976，in which thousands of people died and many were injured.Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells 1._ of water.People were greatly 2._(shock)All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city 3._(destroy) completely and the world seemed 4._ its end.The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope, because 150，000 soldiers were sent 5._(help) the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 6._ were trapped.They also built 7._ (shelter) for the survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city by every means.8._(slow), the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the quake, strange things had happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells 9._(rise) and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of 10._(they)【答案】1.instead2.shocked3.was destroyed4.at5.to help6.who7.shelters8.Slowly9.rose10.them.写作改错双练根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。1一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。(shake)2水管爆裂，电力中断。(bur