英文工程量清单SECTION L(解释).doc

SECTION LCAPENTRYCarpentry： A building trade which includes cutting, framing, and joining the timbers or woodwork of a building or structure.(trade: 行业；frame: 拼装；woodwork: 木工作业)The Unit of Billing shall be the meterGENERALLY TO SECTION LCarpentry generally L1 (a) particulars of the following shall be given:Particular：An item or detail of information or news. Often used in the plural(i) kind and quality of timber (ii) preliminary treatment of timber( e.g. impregnation)(b) Timber shall be deemed to be sawn on all faces and edges unless otherwise stated. Wrought timber shall be so described, giving the finished sizes.Wrought timber：Timber having one or more of itsfaces planed smooth.(c) Timber shall be deemed to be fixed with nails or steel screws. Particulars of any other method of fixing shall be given in the description of the item concerned.(d) Curved or circular work shall be so described stating the radii. Curved labours shall be so described.Curved or circular work：曲线及圆曲线木制品制作(e) Mounded work shall be so described.Mounded work：木线加工制作STRUCTURAL TIMBERSStructural timbers generally L2(a) Structural timbers shall be measured the net length as fixed in the work and given in linear meters stating the nominal size and describing their functions. Joints in continuous lengths shall be taken every 6 meters.(b) Structural timbers over 6 meters long in one length shall be so described stating the lengths in further stages of 1 meter.Framed structural timbers L3In the case of framed structural timbers such as trusses, trusses, trusses rafters, and trussed beams, particulars shall be given of the overall span and rise, and the hoisting height (in number of stories or in meters).Framing plans and all available detail drawings of framed timber shall be provided with the bill. The constituent members of the frame shall be measured as provided in Clause L2 hereof.Truss A structure composed of a combination of members (such as chords, 1, diagonals, and web members), usually in some triangular arrangement so as to constitute a rigid framework.Rafter One of a series of inclined structural members from the ridge of the roof down to the eaves, providing support for the covering of a roof.Trussed beam 1. A beam, usually of timber,reinforced with one or more tie rods. 2. A beam in the form of a truss; braced by one or more vertical posts supported by inclined rods attached to the ends of the beam.Structural timbers poles L4(a) Structural poles shall be measured in linear meters (below and above the ground level) stating the nominal size, the method of fixing and the nature of base. Alternatively, they may be enumerated stating their size, the overall height (below and above the ground level), the method of fixing and the nature of base. Those poles over 10 meters long shall be so described stating the length in further stages of 3 meters.(b) Boring or excavating holes in ground for poles shall be enumerated stating the depth, the nature of the filling( e.g. excavated material, concrete) and the treatment of the spoil.(c) Excavating pits and forming concrete bases for poles shall be given in accordance with the rules in Section D and F hereof. Labors on structural timbers L5(a）All cutting, scribing, splaying, notching, halving, mortising, tenoning and wedging shall be deemed to be included in the items. Dovetailed, scarfed and fingered joints shall each be enumerated. All the foregoing labors shall be deemed to include the additional timber required.Scribed joint ( coped joint ): The intersection of two pieces ofmolding, where one iscutto fit the contour of the other.Splayed skirting A baseboard having its upper edge beveled.Notch A cutout in a log or timber, usually at or near one of its ends, that is used to form a rigid joint when mated with another appropriately cutout log or timber at right angles to it; for example, at the corners of a log cabin or log house.Halving Joint A half lap joint where two pieces are lapped over each other. Can be Corner Lap, T lap or Cross Lapped.Mortise and tenon jointsare very strong joints mostly used in furniture making and for heavy doors and gates.Wedge A piece of wood, metal, or other hard material, thick at one end and tapering to a thin edge at the other.Dovetail joints: A type housing or keyed joint where one member has a wedge shaped end set into a similar shaped recess.Scarf Joint A method of end joining members. From ply the solid timber.Finger Joint A factory method of joining random lengths of timber into standard long lengths. Used to produce flooring and mouldings (b) Rebates, grooves, chamfers, rounded edges, mounded edges and the like labors shall be each be described with the item or may be measured separately in linear meters. Ends, angles, stops, and miters in all labors shall be deemed to be included with the itemsRabbet, rebate A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of a member; esp. one to receive another member, or one to receive a frame inserted in a door or window opening, or the recess into which glass is installed in a window sash. Groove: A long narrow cut in the edge or face of a wood member; a groove across the grain is a dado; one parallel with the grain is a plow.Chamfer 1. A bevel or cant, such as a small splay at the external angle of a masonry wall. 2. A wave molding. 3. A groove or furrow. 4. An oblique surface produced by beveling an edge or corner, usually at a 45 angle, as the edge of a board or masonry surface.Rounded edgeMoulded edge(c) The following additional labors on structural timbers shall each be enumerated separately.(i) Wrought ends of timbers stating the length.(ii) Shaped, turned or moulded ends of timber stating the length.Branding and noggin L6Branding and noggin between joists measured over the joist shall be given separately in linear meters stating the sizes.Nogging : The infilling, such as between the logs in a log cabin or between the framingmembers of a timber-framed house; used to increase the rigidity of the framing system, provide increased thermal insulation, and improve fire resistance.Cleats and sprockets L7Cleats, sprockets, and the like shall each be enumerated separately stating the size.sprocket, cocking piece, sprocket piece: 1.) A piece at the foot of a rafter to incline last section of the roof towards the horizontal, to make sprocketed eaves.2.) An outrigger piece attached to the end rafters at the verge of a gable roof to create a gable overhang.Cleat : A small block or strip of wood nailed on a member or on a surface; used to support a brace or to hold a member or object in place temporarily.Cleats and sprockets L8Board shall be measured as executed describing the function. No allowance shall be made for tongues in tongued and grooved work for laps in weather-boarding and no deduction shall be made for voids not exceeding 0.50 square meters.(a) (i) Nominal thickness.(ii) Method of jointing.(iii) Surface treatment after lying.(b) Boarding laid diagonally shall be described.(c) Boarding shall be given in square meters and the classification shall be as follows:(i) Horizontal surfaces (ii) Sloping surfaces not exceeding 45 degrees from the horizontal and vertical surfaces.(iii) Work to falls and cross-falls shall be deemed to be included with the items. Firrings shall be given in linear meters stating the thickness and the average depth.(d) Drips in flats shall be given in linear meters stating the size.T&G Roof Decking (tongued, grooved)Firring: Timber strips of constant width but varying depth, which are nailed to the wood bearers of flat roofs as a basis for roofboarding, to which they give a suitable fall. Also furring.Drips A projection on a cornice or sill from which rainwater can drip, protecting the wall below.Weather boarding L9Weather-boarding shall state the extreme thickness and width of the boards and the extent of the laps.Weatherboarding: A type of wood siding commonly used in the early US as an exterior covering on a building of frame construction; consists of boards, each of which has parallel faces and a rabbeted upper edge which fits under an overlapping board above.Gutter-boarding L10(a) Gutter-boarding and gutter-sides over 300 millimeters maximum width in each length shall each be given separately in square meters. Those not exceeding 300 millimeters maximum width in each length shall each be given separately in linear meters stating the average width.(b) Bearers shall be given in the description of gutter-boarding.(c) Gusset ends, drips and sumps shall each be enumerated separately irrespective of size.Gutter-boarding : Boarding for sustaining roof-gutters of leadEaves and verge boarding L11(a) Boarding over 300 millimeters wide to eaves and the like (grouped together) shall be given in square meters. Boarding not exceeding 300 millimeter wide shall be given in linear meters stating the average width.(b) Bearers for boarding shall be given in linear meters stating the size.Eaves fascia(Same as eaves fascia) : A board that is nailed vertically at the ends of roof rafters; sometimes supports a gutter; also called a fascia board.Bargeboard, Gableboard, Vergeboard : A board which hangs from the projecting end of a roof, covering the gables; often elaborately carved and ornamented in the Middle Ages.Labors on boarding L12(a) Raking cutting curved cutting and scribed edges on boarding and perimeter cutting on diagonally laid boarding shall each be given separately in linear meters.(b) Splayed edges on boarding shall be deemed to be included with the items.(c) Rebates, grooves, chamfers, mitered angles and stops in all labors shall be deemed to be included with the items. Ends, angles and stops in all labours shall be deemed to be included with the items.Fascia and barge boards L13Fascia-boards and barge-boards shall each be given separately in linear meters stating the width.FILLETS GROUNDS BATTENS AND BRACKETINGFillets grounds and battens generally L14(a) Fillets, grounds, battens and the like shall be given in linear meters stating the size.(a) Angle fillets, tilting fillets, corner fillets and rolls shall be given in linear meters stating the extreme size.(b) Angles, ends, intersections, miters and the like shall be deemed to be included with the items.(c) Clips for floor fillets shall be enumerated stating the method of fixing to concrete.Fillet: A molding consisting of a narrow flat band, often square in section; the term is loosely applied to almost any rectangular molding; usually used in conjunction with or to separate other moldings or ornaments, as the stria between the flutes of columns. Ground A nailing strip fixed in a masonry or concrete wall as a means of attaching wood trim or furring stripsBatten 1. A narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the edges of two parallelboards in the same plane. 2. A strip of wood fastened across two or more parallel boards to hold them together; also called a cross batten. 3. A flat strip of wood attached to a wall as a base for lathing, plastering, etc.; also called a furring strip. 4. In roofing, a wood strip applied over boards or roof structural members; used as a base for the attachment of slate, wood, or clay-tile shingles.Bracket Any overhanging member projecting from a wall or other body to support aweight (such as a cornice) acting outside the wall.Angle fillet A wooden strip, triangular in cross section, which is used to cover the internal joint between two surfaces meeting at an angle of less than 180.Tilting fillet, Cant strip, Doubling piece, Tilting piece: A thin wedge-shaped strip of wood placed under the slates or tiles of a roof to tilt the bottom course; used where needed to shed water more effectively.Skeleton framework L15(a) Skeleton framework over 300 millimeters wide (measured overall) shall be given in square meters. Framework not exceeding 300 millimeters wide shall be given in the description.(b) Skeleton framework framed on rake and spandrel-shaped framework (both measured both) shall each be so described. Skeleton framework of other irregular shapes shall be enumerated stating the size and shape of the framework and the size of members.(c) Alternatively the individual members may be measured in linear meters.Skeleton frame Any framework without its covering or panels.Bracketing L16(a) Bracketing to form shaped false ceilings shall be given in detail.(b) Bracketing and cradling (measured the extreme girth) around steelwork and to form