译林版高中英语牛津版必修一学案（江苏省专用）：Unit 3 Grammar and Usage 1.doc

年级高一学科英语总课时课题m1u3 looking good feeling goodgrammar and usage 1第_课时主备人审核人上课时间锁定目标 找准方向备 注1. to give a brief introduction to non-restrictive attributive clauses.2. to make the students get familiar with non-restrictive attributive clauses and get them to know some more usages of non-restrictive attributive clauses.3. help the students master the basic usage of non-restrictive attributive clauses.自我构建 快乐无限独学非限制性定语从句的定义：定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： this is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）reading里的非限制性定语从句：im taking weight-loss pills called fat-less, which are quite popular among young women here.my mother, whom you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous.its the same in chinamany people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous.合作探究 携手共进对学群学展示点评限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。修饰先行词无逗号隔开1.有that 2.作宾语时可以省略非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词 / 整个句子有逗号与主句隔开无that 不可以省略有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。1）. a. i have a sister who works in a hospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。（可能还有其他的姐姐）b.i have a sister, who works in a hospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）1.当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。shanghai, which is in east china, is developing rapidly.2.当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如： charles smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 this novel, which i have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。 3.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： he seems not to have grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。非限制性定语从句中关系代词which/as可指整个主句,定语从句谓语动词用单数。as引导的定语从句既可以位于句末，也可以位于句首或句中。he missed the show, which was a great pity. he invited me to dinner, which made me happy.as everyone knows, china is a country with a long history. 正如大家所知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。she is a teacher, as is clear from her manner.她是位教师，这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。7 as与which引导的定语从句对这两个词作如下归纳： 1、如果从句在主句前，不能用which引导定语从句。如：as we all know, his parents were killed in the war.as we all know, the earth is round.2. as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如: the same .as., such.as., asas, soas 一般用as。3 as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。as we expected, as we all know, as he realized, as is necessary，as is often the case, as we all can see ,as is mentioned等.1.as we all know , the earth is round.2.as is mentioned above, smoking is bad for our health.3.you have made the same mistake as you made last time.4.as is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth every month.5.as is often the case（是常有的情况）, he wins the first in the examination.this is the same pen _i lost yesterday. a. as b. that c. the one d. a&b 比较：.the same pen as i lost. 表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是. the same pen that i lost.则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支.the same as 是（和.一样）之意 而 the same that 是（同样）。引导定语从句时，不用suchthat,只能用suchas. suchthat只能引导状语从句。 例如： heissuchagoodteacheraseverystudentlikesverymuch. 如果用such.that.则应该说： heissuchagoodteacherthateverystudentlikeshimverymuch. 拓展提升 学以致用fill in the blanks with proper relative words.1. the famous basketball star, _is an american, came to china yesterday.2. i bought a car yesterday, _ cost me a lot.3. xian, _i visited last year, is a nice old city.4. he will come to see me next july, _ he wont be so busy.5. the school, _i once studied, was built thirty years ago.6. john said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ was true.7.helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy (嫉妒) him. (2004天津) a. who b. that c. what d. which8. i am doing different types of exercises, all of _are quite helpful to my health.9. many people, some of _are not overweight, are going on diets.10. there are 54 students in my class, three of _come from us.注意：在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。反馈检测 体验成功高考链接：1.it is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown，will open next year.（2007四川） a. they both b. which both c. both of them d. both of which 2. i have many friends, some _ are businessmen. (2005全国) a. why b. from which c. who of d. of whom 3. great changes have taken place in that school. it is no longer what it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. (2005安徽) a. when b. which