人教版 必修一 Unit 2 English around the worldGrammar（共39张PPT）.ppt

grammar 1 陈述句的间接引语 连接词用that 在口语中可省略 引述动词用said told 等 例如 hesaid i veleftmybookinmyroom hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom 复习规律 2 疑问句的间接引语 一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether 而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether 引述动词用asked 没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me him等 例如 shesaidtotom canyouhelpme sheaskedtomif whetherhecouldhelpher 3 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词 改为陈述语序 例如 theteacheraskedmehowihadrepairedit theteacherasked howdidyourepairit 4 如何变时态 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时一般将来时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时 如 1 shesaid ihavelostapen shesaidshehadlostapen 2 shesaid wehopeso shesaidtheyhopedso 3 shesaid hewillgotoseehisfriend shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend 但要注意在以下几种情况下 在直接引语变为间接引语时 时态一般不变化 1 直接引语是客观真理 theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth theteachertoldme theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth 2 直接引语中有具体的过去某年 某月 某日作状语 变为间接引语时 时态不变 xiaowangsaid iwasbornonapril2l 1980 xiaowangsaidhewasbornonapril20 1980 3 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的 习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的 变间接引语时 时态保持不变 theboysaidtous iusuallygetupatsixeveryday theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday 4 若直接引语中含有when since while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句 变间接引语时 从句时态不变 如 shesaid iwenttherewheniwassixyearsold shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshewassixyearsold 5 若直接引语的谓语中含有would should might must usedto oughtto hadbetter等动词时 如 shesaid weshouldhelpeachother shesaidweshouldhelpeachother 5 如何变状语 直接引语变间接引语 状语变化有其内在规律 时间状语由 现在 改为 原来 例 now变为then yesterday变为thedaybefore today变为thatday 地点状语 尤其表示方向性的 或用指示代词修饰的状语 由 此 改为 彼 例 this改为that 如 hesaid thesebooksaremine hesaidthosebookswerehis 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语的变化 this that these those now then yesterday thedaybefore today thatday tomorrow thenextday nextweek month year thenextweek month year ago before here there 祈使句的间接引语 采用 动词 宾语 不定式 结构 told asked orderedsb not todosth 祈使句的直接引语和间接引语 如果祈使句是表示请求 间接引语的动词常用ask 如果是表示命令 间接引语的动词常用tell order command等 不定式theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost that引导的宾语从句isuggestedtohimthatwe should startatonce that what how引导的宾语从句hesaidthathewasveryhappy hesaidhowhappyhewas 例如 1 theteachersaidtothestudents don twasteyourtime themotheraskedtomtogetupearly 2 themothersaid tom getupearly please theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime 例如 hesaid let sgotothefilm hesuggestedgoingtothefilm 或hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm 直接引语如果是以 let s 开头的祈使句 变为间接引语时 通常用 suggest 动句词 或从句 1 pleaseclosethewindow hesaidtome he me thewindow a saidto tocloseb toldto closingc asked toclosed saidto pleaseclose 练一练 2 hesaid don tdothatagain he me thatagain a saidtome nottodob saidtome don tdoc toldme don tdod toldme nottodo 3 don tputitonmyhat hiswifesaidtohim hiswifetoldhim putiton hat a don t hisb don t herc notto hisd notto her 4 roseaskedtom didyouseemypurse roseaskedtom a whetherthathehadseenherpurseb whetherhehadseenherpursec thatwhetherhehadseenherpursed thatifhehasseenherpurse 5 heaskedme withme a whatthematterisb whatthematerwasc what sthematterd whatwasthematter 解析 如果直接引语是 what sthematter what swrong what sthetrouble 变间接引语时语序不变 6 heasked areyouapartymemberoraleaguemember heaskedme a amiapartymemberoraleaguememberb wasiapartymemberoraleaguememberc ifiwasapartymemberoraleaguememberd whetherwasiapartymemberoraleaguemember 解析 选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句 7 you vealreadygotwell haven tyou sheasked sheasked a ifihavealreadygotwell hadn tyoub whetherihadalreadygotwellc haveialreadygotwelld hadialreadygotwell 解析 反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句 8 heasked forthecomputer a didipayhowmuchb ipaidhowmuchc howmuchdidipayd howmuchipaid 9 theboysaid mayigoalongwithyou theboyaskedme a ifimightgoalongwithyoub ifhemightgoalongwithyouc ifhemightgoalongwithmed ifhemightgoalongwiththeboy 10 hesaid mother theboyisverynaughty he verynaughty a saidhismotherthattheboywasb saidtohismotherthattheboyisc toldhismotherthattheboywasd spoketohismotherthattheboywas 练一练 hesaid mysisterwashereforthreedays hesaidthat sister threedays 2 shesaid i llgotheretomorrow shesaidthat gothere his hadbeen therefor shewould thenextday 3 shesaid didyouseehimlastnight she me him 4 whendidyougotobedlastnight fathersaidtopeter father peter thenight asked if whetherihasseen thenightbefore asked whenhewentto before bed 5 thehostsaidtous pleasecometoseeusagainifyouhavetime thehostaskedustogotoseethemagainifwehadtime 把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语 openthewindow please mothersaidtome 2 theteachertoldthestudentnottospeaktohim herlikethat don tspeaktomelikethat theteachersaidtothestudent motherasked toldmetoopenthewindow 3 wouldyoupleasestoptohavearest