译林版 必修二 Unit 1 Tales of the unexpectedGrammar 课件（29张PPT）.ppt

grammarandusage 1 presentperfecttense revision translatethefollowingsentences 1 美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索 2 自从上周五晚我就没有看到贾斯丁 3 这次事件引起了公众的极大兴趣 policeinamericahavesteppeduptheirsearchforafifteen year oldboy ihavenotseenjustinsincelastfridaynight thisincidenthasreceivedgreatinterestofthepublic 4 it shappenedtome 5 detectivesampeterson whohastakenchargeofthecase toldjournalists 6 so whilewehavenotdismissedtheidea wearelookingintootherpossibilitiesaswell 我曾经碰到过 负责这一案子的侦探桑姆 彼特逊告诉记者 所以 尽管我们不排除这一想法 但是我们也在调查其它的可能性 theformofpresentperfecttensetheactivevoice summary theaffirmativeform 肯定形式 thenegativeform 否定形式 theinterrogativeform 疑问形式 s havenot hasnot done have has s done s have has done we alreadyopen thewindow 过去的动作 weopenedthewindow 对现在的影响 thewindowisopen havealreadyopened howtousepresentperfecttense situation1 theboysaretired they justplay aballgame 过去的动作 theboysplayedaballgame 对现在的影响 theboysaretired havejustplayed 现在完成时表示动作开始于过去 结束于过去 但对现在仍有影响或造成结果 通常与副词already yet等状语连用 动作的确切时间不明确或不重要 summary 现在完成时用法1 已完成 影响性用法 already 用于肯定句 yet 用于否定句和疑问句 drill1 1 i have lunchalready 2 hasthetrain arrive yet 3 she wake upyet 4 doctors find thatpeoplewholaughalotlivelonger 5 thedisappearanceofjustin make kellyveryunhappy havehad arrived havefound hasn twoken hasmade 我的车已经修好了 下周我们可以开车去上海 mycarhasbeenrepaired wecandrivetoshanghainextweek have has been done theformofpassivevoice daniel live inbeijingsincehecametochina haslived came situation2 summary2 强调动作或状态发生于过去一直延续到现在 适用于延续动词 1 for 一段时间 since 时间点 从句2 迄今为止 sofar uptill tonow untilnow3 最近的过去 in duringthelast pastyears4 最近 recently lately thesefewdays 5 到这个时候 bythistime6 从 以来 eversince 常与下列时间短语连用 现在完成时用法2 未完成 延续性 1 we study englishforaboutfouryears 2 we live inlijimiddleschoolsince2007 3 i notsee marysofar 4 i hear nothingfromhimuptonow 5 he nottalk withmeinthepastfewdays havestudied havelived haven tseen haveheard hasn ttalked drill2 1 theprice recently butidoubtwhetheritwillremainso aincreased bwillincreasechasincreaseddwasgoingtoincrease2 inthepastfewyearsthere greatchangesinourtown aisbwerechavebeendwillbe 1 hehascomehere 2 hehascomeherefor3days 3 hehasn tcomeherefor3days 4 hehasstayedherefor3days 5 hehasbeenawayfor3days rightorwrong why drill3 终止性动词 瞬间动词 动词 延续性动词 arrive join die begin come buy leave borrow marry be have keep study live 瞬间动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示延续的时间状语连用 即不能与for 时间段 since 时间点 从句连用 也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句中 但可以用在否定句或这些动词对应的状态动词中 tips 常见终止性动词与延续性动词 或状态动词 的对应关系如下 come go arrive reach bedie bedeadclose beclosedbecome beleave beaway from fallasleep beasleepborrow keepbegin start beonbuy haveend finish beovermarry bemarriedcatchacold haveacoldjointhearmy beinthearmy correctthemistakes hisfatherhasdied for2years thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m ihaveboughtthecomputer sinceigraduated hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m ihavehadthecomputersinceigraduated situation3thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea summary 现在完成时用法3 表示刚刚结束的动作 通常与just连用 高考链接 billy thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff paul yes italldependsontheweather a i vebeentoldb i vetoldc i mtoldd itold a iwenttoegyptin1986 iwenttoegyptin2004 i be toegypttwice havebeen 现在完成时用法4 经历用法 现在完成时表示从过去到现在曾经发生过或经历过某事 常与副词ever never once twice before连用 summary howmanytimeshaveyoubeentoegypt havebeen to 和havegone to 的区别 have hasbeen to 表示 曾经去过 某地 说话时此人很可能不在那里 已经回来 侧重指经历 have hasgone to 表示某人 已经去了 某地 说话时此人在那里 或可能在路上 反正不在这里 hehasbeentobeijing 人已回来 可能在这儿 hehasgonetobeijing 人已走 不在这儿 whereisthepersonincharge thepersonincharge tolondon hasgone sentencepatterns 1 itis hasbeen 一段时间 since 从句it s it 3yearssincehejoinedthearmy 2 this that it isthefirst second time that clausethisisthefirsttimethati see pandas3 this that it istheonly lasttime that clauseitistheonlytimethati travel abroad 4 this that it isthebest finest mostinteresting that clause itisthemostdeliciousfoodthati taste haveseen havetraveled havetasted extension hasbeen 在时间或条件状语从句中 现在完成时可以代替将来完成时 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作 ishallposttheletterassoonasihavefinishedit 我一写完这封信就寄出去 don tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped 直到车停稳后才能下车 youwillrealizethetheory 如果你做完这个实验 你对这个理论认识得会更深刻 ifyouhavedonetheexperiment makesomesentencesusingthepresentperfecttenseandsimplepasttense competition putthefollowingsentencesintoenglish a 火车已经开走了 b 什么时候开走的 a 半个小时之前开走的 a 这本书我已经买了两年了 b 你在哪儿买的 a 在我老家买的 a thetrainhasleft b whendiditleave a itlefthalfanhourago a i vehadthebookfor2years b wheredidyoubuyit a iboughtitinmyhometown 一般过去时与现在完成时的区分时间上有差异 凡有具体的过去时间 均用过去时态 不能用完成时态 如 ago lastyear justnow theotherday等 现在完成时可跟不确定的过去时间 频度时间和延续到现在的时间连用 结果上有差异 现在完成时强调的是对 现在 的影响和结果 动作到现在刚完成或还在继续 一般过去时强调的动作发生在过去 和现在没有关系 i englishatuniversityforthreeyears butnowi veforgotit a havestudiedb hadstudiedc studiedd wouldstudy 1 he footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhe