仁爱版八年级下册知识点梳理(可可供复习使用).doc

八年级英语下册知识点整理王爷府初中 初三英语组 2012-3-22Unit 5 Feeling Happy Topic 1 Why all the smiling faces?重点词汇：1反义词happy-unhappy/ sad lucky-unlucky poor-rich kind-cruel popular-unpopular smart-stupid/ silly interesting-boring 2.表示情感的形容词excited感到兴奋的 surprised 吃惊的 happy 快乐的 unhappy/ sad 伤心的 angry / mad 生气的 worried 焦急的 afraid/ frightened 害怕的 disappointed 失望的 proud 自豪的 lonely 孤单的 nervous 紧张不安的 interested 感到有趣的3重点词组one of my favorite movies spend the evening say thanks / goodbye/ hello to sb. tell a short story a ticket to wish to do sth. get enough sleep win a medal feel proud/ lonely set a table for have a temperature = have a fever be able to do sth. ring up care for= look after/ take care of because of cheer up / cheer on play the role of sb. be on at first fall into be afraid of doing sth. in/at the end = at last go mad come into being be full of be popular with make peace 重点句型及重点语言点1. How nice! 真是太好了! What a shame! 真可惜! Thats too bad! What bad news! 多糟的消息! 这三句全都是感叹句.它们的结构为:How + adj./ adv. + 主语 + 谓语! 如: 多感人的电影啊！ What + a/an + adj. + n. (可数名词的单数) + 主语 + 谓语! 如: 一个大苹果！ What + adj. + n.(可数名词的复数或不可数名词) + 主语 + 谓语! 如: 多么艰苦的工作！ 2. Because he cant get a ticket to The Sound of Music. 因为他没有买到音乐之声的票.to 表“的”，常见的搭配如下：a ticket The Sound of Music 一张音乐之声的票the answer the question 问题的答案the key the door 门的钥匙the way 去.的路3. I think Mr. Lee likes it very much and really wishes to watch it. 我认为李老师非常喜欢它而且的确想去看. .希望做某事 与 wish 相关的结构还有: wish/ hope + that引导的从句; 如: I wish/ hope (that) we will win.我们可以说wish sb. to do sth. 而不能说hope sb. to do sth.; 4. Ill ring up Michael later. 稍后我打电话给迈克. ring up sb. = = = 当宾语为代词时, 只能放中间.如: ring me/him/her up5.since they were not able to go. 既然他们不能去. can与be able to 二者都表“能；会”，在指“一般能力”时，常互换。如：He can/is able to work out the problem. 他能算出这道难题.区别: can 只有现在式和过去式(could),没有数的变化;be able to 有时态及数的变化. 三年前,我/她 不会游泳, 但现在我/她能. I will be able to see him next week. 下周, 我将会看到他.6. Im sure Mr. Lee will be surprised and happy! 我确信李老师会很惊奇也很高兴! be surprised “感到惊奇的”, 主语一般为 . be surprising “令人惊奇的”, 主语一般为 . 类似的有： 7. The lonely father often became angry because of the noisy children. 孤独的父亲经常由于吵吵闹闹的的孩子们而发怒了。 because of “ ”，是 短语，后常跟 。如： He didnt come to school because of his illness.由于他的病，他没来上学。（划线部分还可以转换为） 由于大雨，我们没去那儿。 8. Maria was able to cheer up the family by teaching them to sing lively songs玛丽亚有能力通过教他们唱轻快的歌曲使整个家庭振作起来。by 是介词，指“通过（某种方式）”，后面跟 词。9. What did Maria go to the Von Trapp family for? = 玛丽亚为了什么目的去冯特拉普家庭？10. the mother was so worried that she looked for him everywhere翻译并做出同义句： 重点语法 1系表结构：系动词 + adj. 常见的系动词如下:1）be 动词：He helpful. They tired.be+ adj. + 介词结构be proud of以为自豪，骄傲 这位老师以她的学生为骄傲。 be pleased with “ ” 例如： be popular with “ ” 例如： 2) look看起来; sound听起来; taste尝起来;feel摸起来等.如:He sad.3）表状态变化的连系动词有：get 变得; turn 转变; go变; become变成 等等. 如: In summer, the days get longer, the weather gets warmer. In fall, the leaves turn yellow. （侧指颜色变化） The mother went mad.He became angry.2because 引导的原因状语从句: because 用来回答 提问的问句,表示的原因语气很强,一般用在主句后面,强调 关系. （是回忆because of的用法） Mr. Wang looks tired because he worked late last night and didnt get enough sleep. Kangkang is disappointed because his best friend is not able to come. -Why do they feel proud? -Because a player from their country won a medal.3.试区分alone lonely的用法: The old man lives , but he doesnt feel .Topic 2 I feel better now.一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.badly(反义词)well 2.shy(最高级)shyest 3.understand(过去式)understood 4.anxious(同义词)worried 5.satisfaction(形容词)satisfied 6.surprise(形容词)surprised 7.suggestion(动词)suggest 8.stranger(形容词)strange 9.advice(同义词)suggestion 10.either(反义词)too11.humorous(名词)humor 12.sad(名词)sadness 13.unfair(反义词)fair 14.hit(过去式)hit （二）重点词组:( 1 ) “be + 形容词+ 介词” 的结构: be worried about be anxious about be glad about be nervous about be strict with sb. be strict in / about sth. be patient with be pleased / satisfied with be bored with be popular with be angry with/at sb. be angry at/ about sth. be surprised at be mad at be excited at be interested in be tired of be afraid of ( 2 ) 课文词组: talk with sb. = have a talk with sb. wait in line fall behind get sb. to do sth. at ones age try to eat less high-energy food calm down have bad experiences givea hand in ones teens happen to sb. move to spl. get used to (doing) sth. be / make friends with join in fit in deal with fail to pass an exam = fail an exam lose a friend or relative refuse to do sth. argue with sb. have a normal life 二、重点句型及重点语言点1. Anything wrong? = Is there anything wrong? 有什么麻烦吗?形容词修饰不定代词要放在 . 如:Something 不好的事情 everything 一切新的事物2. What seems to be the problem? 似乎有什么问题?seem to do sth. “ ” 常与 “ + 句子” 转换, 如:It seems that he knows her name. = 似乎他知道她的名字.seem + adj “似乎(怎样)”, 构成系表结构. 如:You seem sad. = You seem (to be) sad.= It seems that you are sad.你似乎很伤心.3. What is the teacher like? 那个老师是什么样的人?Whats sb. like? 常询问人的 . 如:-Whats Beth like? - She is shy and quiet.What does sb. look like? 常询问人的 . 如:-Whats Beth look like ? - She is nice with big eyes.be like 与look like 常可以互换, 如:He looks like his mother. = He is like his mother. 他看起来像他的父亲.4. It is important to talk to someone else. 跟其它人交流很重要.句型 “ ”中, “It”是形式主语,真正主语是 . 如:在大海里游泳是很危险的. 5. I dont know how to get other students to talk with me. 但是我不知道怎样使他们和我交谈.get sb. to do sth. “ ”, 相当于 ask / tell sb. to do sth.或者说 let / make sb. do sth.6. It usually takes me a long time to become happy again.通常要花我很长时间才能重新快乐起来.句型 “ .” 花了某人某时做某事. 如:花了我三天时间完成这项工作. 7. when something bad happens to us. 当不好的事情发生在我们身上时.“sth. happens to sb.”, 指“ ”. 是一种惯用句型. 如:A serious accident happened to his brother yesterday. 翻译： happen to do sth. 指 “ ”, 如:I Jim in the street yesterday. 昨天,我碰巧在街上看到我的朋友吉姆.8. How time flies! “光阴似箭!” 是 How quickly the time flies! 简略句.9. I have to get used to everything new. 我不得不去适应一切新的事物.get / be used to (doing) sth. “ ”. 如:他不习惯这儿的天气. I am used to getting up early. 我习惯于早起.used to do sth. 指 “ ”, 如:He used to listen to the pop songs, but now he listens to the folk songs.10. I try to join in activities of many kinds. 我尽量参加各式各样的活动.join in sth. 指“ ”, 相当于 或be in.join 指 11 . How does Jeff deal with his sadness? 译： ?Howdeal with? “怎样处理?” 相当于 三、重点语法 1 同级比较 表示两者在某一方面程度相等时,用句型 “as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”. 表 “与一样”. 如:Celia is as patient as Sue. 西莉亚与苏一样耐心.吉姆画得与汤姆一样好. 表示某人或某物在某一方面,不如另一个人或另一物时,用句型 “not + as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”, 表 “不如”. 如:Jim isnt as tall as Tom.= Tom is taller than Jim. 吉姆不如汤姆高./ 汤姆比吉姆高.Jim doesnt studies as hard as Tom. = . 吉姆不如汤姆学得努力.=汤姆学得比吉姆努力.The roads here are not as clean as those in our hometown. 这的路不如我们家乡的路干净.2. no longer=notany longer“ ”(多用于延续性v.) I wont live in Fuzhou any longer. = no more=notany more“ ”(多用于短暂性v.) You wont see him any more.=You will see him no more. Topic 3 Many things can affect our feelings.一、重点词汇:( 一 ) 词形转换:1.tense(同义词)nervous 2.true(副词)truly 3.expression(动词)express 4. husband(对应词)wife 5. choice(动词)choose 6. relax(形容词)relaxed 7.thought(动词)think 8. decision(动词)decide 9.safe(名词)safety( 二 ) 重点词组:患重感冒 打针;注射遵从医嘱过来;顺便来访在月底别急;慢慢来轮流做某事为某人高兴处于好/坏的保持生气(的状态)笑对生活计划一个惊喜制作具有不同表情的面具 表演短剧为作准备与相处抬头望向天空在半在回家的路上演讲尝试;试验兴高采烈仔细思找回安全感二、重点句型及重点语言点1. Im feeling even worse. 我 觉得更糟了.常用来修饰比较级的有 . 如:He is older than me.他比我大得多。Jim is taller than Tom. 吉姆比汤姆高一点。2. Im afraid of catching SARS. 我害怕患上非典.Im afraid of 我害怕打针. I am afraid of snakes. 我害怕蛇. be afraid of (doing ) sth. 表” ” 如:3. must be- ；cant be-否定推测 例如： 这还一定是吉姆。 . This book cant be Jims. 4. Im afraid so. -Im afraid not. I hope so. -I hope not. I believe so. -I believe not. I think so. -I dont think so. 5. take turns to do轮流做某事：我们轮流唱歌。 in turn ： We sing songs in turn. 译： 轮到某人做某事 ： Its my turn to clean a room. 6. 试区分两个句式结构：Its +adj. + for sb. + to do: Its +adj. + of sb. + to do7. .remember to do记得去做某事（事情还没做） remember doing记得曾做过某事（事情已做了）当你出去时请记得关灯。 我记得我锁上门了，别担心。 8. get sth for sb.=get sb. sth给某人买/拿某物 get get sth from sb.从某人那收到.例如： get sb. to do使某人做某事： I get you to clean the room.（同义句） 三、重点语法make + 宾语 + 形容词 “使某人怎样” 例如： make sb, do sth. 使(让) 某人做某事 例如： The boss made the little boy stand here all the night yesterday.（变被动语态） Unit 6 Enjoying RidingTopic 1 Were going on a spring field trip 一、重点词汇：（一） 词形转换 1. cycle (名词)bicycle(现在分词)cycling 2. vehicle(同义词)transportation 3. journey (同义词)travel 4. raise(现在分词)raising(名词)raiser (二) 重点词组1.go on a spring field trip 2.a two-day visit to Mount Tai 3.make a decision 4.work in groups 5.find out 6.bring back 7.decide on sth. 8.take too long 9.book some tickets/rooms 10. the hard/soft sleeper 11. pay for 12. make hotel reservation 13. many kinds of rooms 14. the best time to do sth. 15. work out the cost 16. do/go fund raising = raise money/ funds 17. come up with 18. get to (call home) 19. order and serve a special lunch 20. sell newspapers/ old books/ flowers 21. organize a show 22. notany longer = no longer 23. enjoy a good trip 24. at the foot of 25. count the students 26. look at/ appreciate the night scene 27. rent coats 28. see the sunrise 29. land safely 二. 重点句型及重点语言点1. we will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai, 我们将去泰山进行为期两天的旅行。 two-day “ ” , 这是带有数字的复合形容词,复合形容词用连字符号连接时,名词要用单数。如：一个十四岁的男孩 a 100-meter race 2. We will make the decision together. 我们将一起作出决定。 make a decision = decide 决定(不)做某事 decide on sth. 对某事做出决定3. cost 表“花费（金钱/时间）”时，主语必须是事物。常用句型“ sth. costs (sb.) some money/time”中。如： 这本书花了我三百元钱。 做完作业花了我两个小时。 = 即本句还可以用句型“ .”花了某人多少钱/时间做某事。4. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。 l ook forward to “ ”后面接 例如：我们期盼着解决问题。 三. 重点语法 1. 结果状语从句 , so “因此”, 常与because 引导的原因状语从句转换. 如: We dont have much money, we should go fund raising. = we dont have much money, we should go fund raising.海伦担心她的旅行费用，因此她很难过。 = Helen is sad she is about her trip cost. 海伦很难过是因为她担心旅行的费用。 so that “如此以至于”,结果表否定时,常与too + adj./ adv. +to do sth.句型转换.I was so tired that I couldnt go on any longer. = He got up so late that he couldnt catch the bus. = so that 结果珍妮经常吵闹，结果我无法入睡。 2. 动词不定式 作表语, 常用在系动词之后.Your groups task is the cost to go by train. 你小组的任务是去弄清搭火车的费用。She seems to be happy. 她似乎很快乐。 作主语, 常用 （形式主语）代替, 不定式放在后面做真正 .It is hard . 很难说。It is important 学好英语非常重要。 作宾语, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物动词后,构成动宾结构。I want to buy some books. 我想去买一些书。She likes to join the English Club. 她喜欢加入英语俱乐部。We hope to be teachers. 我们希望成为教师。Dont forget to call me. 别忘了打电话给我。作宾补, 例如： 作定语，常用在被修饰的名词/代词 。 我有一些令人激动的消息告诉你。 我想要些喝的东西。 作目的状语，修饰谓语动词，表行为的目的。They organize a show 为了筹钱，他们组织了一场展示会。K 凯丽早早地来到机场为玛丽亚送行。 Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs? 一、重点词汇： （一）词形转换： 1.explore(名词) 2. east (形容词) 3.north(形容词) 4. push (反义词5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded （二）重点词组: 1.make a plan 拟定计划 2. make sure 确信，确保 3. come along with 和一起来 4. at the foot of 在的脚下 5. be surprised at 对感到惊奇 6. be satisfied with 对感到满意 7. out of sight 看不见 8. step on ones toes 踩着某人的脚 9. cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 10. spread over 分布于 11.rush out 冲出去 12.raise ones head 抬头 13.ask sb for help 向某人求助 14.thank goodness 谢天谢地 二 重点句型及重点语言点 1. be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth“ ”这些天我忙于准备生日宴会。 2. while 当时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was （watch TV）。3.Its to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。 to the +方位词+of (表示 。) Japan is the east of China. on the +方位词+of (表示 )Fujian is n the south of Zhejang . in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is the north of China. 4. be surprised at He is surprised at dragons. 译： 惊奇地做某事 他惊奇的发现这个姑娘迷路了。 5. in ones direction 朝着某人的方向 step on ones toes踩了某人的脚 step on sth 踩某物 请不要踩踏花草 6. notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事 类似用法的单词还有 试举例说明7. as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一就” 他一听到这个消息就离开了。 我一看到他就告诉你。 8. until “直到为止”，主句的谓语动词用延续性动词。notuntil “直到才” 主句的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 9忍不住做某事 它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。 10 be satisfied with He is satisfied with my work. 译： 11. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。 向某人求助 刚才这个迷路的孩子向警察求助了。 三.重点语法 时间状语从句 1. 引导词： （1） when, while , as 当时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词；while 后跟延续性动词；as 多用于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。 The