英语人教版八年级下册homeworjk.doc

2014八年级下册知识要点Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、重点词组1. 感冒 have/catch/get a cold= have the flu 2. 胃痛 have a stomachache3. 发烧 have a fever 4. 头痛 have a headache5. 躺下(休息) lie down (and rest) 6. 量体温 take ones temperature7. 下车 get off 上车 get on 8. 使惊奇的是 to ones surprise9. 立刻，马上 right away= at once 10. 切除 cut off11. 冒险 take risks (take a risk) 12. 习惯于做某事 be/ get used to doing sth.13. 用完，耗尽 run out of= use up 14. 摔倒，跌倒 fall down 15. 作出决定 make decisions(make a decision) 16. 离开，从出来 get out of17. 掌控，掌管 be in control of 18. 放弃 give up19. 休息 take/ have breaks(take/ have a break) 20. 拍片 get/ take an X-ray 21. 幸亏，由于 thanks tobecause of 22. 及时 in time 23. 陷入，参与 get into招惹麻烦 get into trouble24. 登山 mountain climbing(n.词组) climb the mountain(v.词组)25. 划（割）伤自己 cut oneself 26. 为自己考虑（着想） think about/ of oneself 27. 单独、独自 by oneself 28. 放蜂蜜的热茶 hot tea with honey 29. 伤着自己 hurt oneself 30. 的重要性 the importance of 三、重点句型：1. mind doing sth 介意做某事 2. without doing sth 没有做某事 3. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 4. be ready to do sth 准备做某事 5. see sb doing sth看到某人正在做某事 （表示动作正在进行） On my way to school, I saw a man lying in the street. 6. tell sb. ( not ) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事7. be interested in sth./ doing sth. 对某物/做某事感兴趣 Eg: Im interested in English/ studying English.8. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事9. so+ adj./adv+that 如此以致于（结果状语从句）Eg: Yun nan is so nice that many visitors come here every year.so that 以便 （目的状语从句）eg: We study hard so that we can find good jobs.10.- Whats the matter with? = Whats the trouble/ problem with ? = Whats wrong with ? 怎么啦？ - Sb. have/has. What should sb. do? - Sb. should / shouldnt.11. 表同情：- My mother was ill. - Im sorry to hear that.Exercises:1. The lady took _X-ray and she showed _ X-ray to the doctor.A. a; the B. an; the C. a; a D. an; an 2. There is _snow and its _cold this winter. A. too much; too much B. too much; much too C. much too; much too D. much too; too much3. I have some _learning English. Could you give me some advice? sure. You can improve your English by reading a lot.A. fun B. trouble C. way D. helpB.4. _my surprise, Lily didnt go to Toms birthday party. A. At B. In C. To D. With5. Lily and I agree _the English club because we all like English. A. join B. joining C. to join D. joined 6. Just now she saw the man _ into the room. A. going B. went C. goes D. to go 7. The doctor advised my father to give up _. A. smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoked8. He was badly ill, but he kept on _until 2:00 a.m. A. working B. work C. worked D. to work9. The problem is _difficult that nobody can work it out. A. such B. very C. so D. pretty 10. The song I Believe I can Fly tell us that believing in _ is very important. A. themselves B. itself C. ourselves D. yourselves11. The river will be dirtier and dirtier _ we do nothing to protect them. A. since B. if C. unless D. until12. -_? -I have a headache and I dont feel like eating anything. A. How are you B. What can I do for you C. Whats the matter with you D. How do you like it13. -_. Hope is always around you. -Thank you, Dad! A. Never give up B. Dont be late C. Dont thank goodness D. Never get so proud(骄傲的)14.There are several _(knife) on the desk.15. I dont know the _(mean) of the new word.16. She made a great _(decide) after graduation.17.We felt very sad for the old mans _(die).18. The driver drank a lot. He _(不能控制)his car when it hit the tree.19. After he knew his wife was ill at home, he went back home _(立刻, 马上).Unit 2 I will help to clean up the city parks.一、重点词组1. 打扫、清除 clean up= clean out2. 使变得更高兴 cheer up= make sb. happier/happy3. 分发 give out=hand out 4. 想出、提出 come up with=think up5. 推迟 put off (doing sth.) 6. 打电话给 call up= ring up7. 照顾、关爱 care for= look after= take care of 9. 修理 fix up=repair 10. 参加选拔 try out 11. 空闲时间 free time11. 赠送、捐赠 give away 12.（外貌、行为）像 take after13. 建立、设立 set up 14. 残疾人 disabled people15. 无家可归的人 homeless people 16. 影响、有作用 make a difference to sb. /sth.17. 食品库 food bank 18. 养老院 old peoples home 19. 理想的工作 dream job(可数) 20. 满足感 feeling of satisfaction二、 固定搭配1. put off doing sth 推迟做某事 2. learn to do sth 学会做某事3. stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来做某事 4. volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事 5. a good way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法6. be worried about doing sth 为做某事而担心 7. be able to do sth 能做某事 be unable to do sth 不能做某事8. used to do sth. 曾经，过去常常做某事9. Thanks/ thank you for sth./ doing sth. 为而感谢10. make it +adj for sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事成为Eg: Studying hard makes it possible for you to achieve your dream.五、词义辨析1. alone 与 lonely的区别alone (adj./adv.)=by oneself :“独自的（地），单独的（地）”. lonely (adj.) :“孤独的,寂寞的”(feel lonely)She lives alone, but she never feels lonely2. a little , little; a few, few的用法1）few, a few 后接复数名词； little, a little后接不可数名词2) a few (一些，少数几个)， a little (一点儿)表示肯定：few, little (几乎没有)表示否定。The math problem is so difficult that few students can work it out.There is little milk in the fridge. Please go and buy some.May I ask you a few questions? I can speak a little English. 3. bring 与 take 的区别bring 带来，拿来 take 带走，拿走eg: Please bring your homework to school tomorrow. Its raining, you should take an umbrella with you.Exercises:1. The boy started to play the guitar _the age of seven.A. for B. in C. at D. to 2. Tom, your room is too dirty. You must _.A. clean up it B. clean up them C. clean them up D. clean it up 3. We have to _our sports meeting because of the heavy rain.A. put off B. put out C. put on D. put up4. Could you tell me how_ cakes ? Sorry, I dont know.A. make B. making C. to make D. made5. -I find that I have been unlucky these days. -_ Everything will become better soon.A. Keep silent! B. Why not cry C. Cheer up! D. How about you?6. Thank you for your help, Linda. You made _ possible for us to finish the work in time. A. this B. it C. them D. that 7. We should _ an organization for those homeless people. A. set up B. call up C. cheer up D. give up8. Her son _ Coke, but now he _milk.A. used to drink; is used to drinking B. used to drinking; drinksC. is used to drinking; used to drink D. used to drink; is used to drink9. The old man lives _but he doesnt feel _.A. lonely ; alone B. alone; alone C. alone; lonely D. lonely; lonely10. The girl is poor. She cant see anything because she is _. A. deaf B. blind C. clever D. lazy 11. We took some photos of animals _tigers and lions. A. for example B. as for C. because of D. such as 12. could you help me carry the box? _.A. Thank you B. with pleasure C. it doesnt matter D. Thats all right13. Everybody felt _(excite) when they heard of the good news.14. She had _(difficult) finding the way to the museum.15. I _(understand) what the customer said. So I asked him to take his order.16. I will never forget your _(kind).17. Tom is the _(own) of the car. He has had it for two months.18. -Could you help me to repair my _(break) now? -Yes, No problem.19. Im going to_ (参加选拔)for our school basketball team. Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、重点词组1. 扫地sweep the floor 2. 倒垃圾take out the rubbish3. 频繁；一直all the time 4. 一就as soon as(用法同if)5. 做家务do chores 6. 为了in order to7. 依靠depend on 8.客厅living room9. 给某人搭个便车 give sb. a ride 10. 搭便车get a ride 11. 给某人搭便车give sb. a ride 12.给与帮助help (out) with13. 扔下throw down 14. 随时，马上any minute now15. 过来come over 16. 解决问题solve the problem17. 惊奇地in surprise 18. 遛狗take the dog for a walk19. 没问题no problem 20. 浪费时间waste time21. 其结果as a result 22. 生病be ill= fall ill23. 从事、忙于work on 24. 一些喝的东西something to drink25. 向借（借入） borrow from 26. 把借给（借出） lend to27. 依靠自己 depend on oneself二、交际用语 1. 表示礼貌的请求别人去做某事Could/ Would/ Can you please + 动词原形： “你可以吗？”肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / No problem. / All right./ Yes, Id love to. / Yes, I can./ With pleasure.否定回答：Sorry, I cant. I have to/ Id love to, but2. 表示请求别人允许自己去做某事Could / Can / May I + 动词原形： “我可以吗？” 肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Of course./ Certainly./ No problem. / Yes, you can. 否定回答：Sorry, you cant./ No, you cant.-Could I use your pen? -Certainly. Here you are. / Sorry, you cant. Im using it now.三、固定搭配1. in order to do sth 为了做某事2. There is no need for sb to do sth. 没必要做某事3. do (take) part in doing sth 参加（参与）做某事4.Its ones job (duty) to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责5. the +比较级， the +比较级：表示“越.越” The earlier, the better The more you give, the happier you will be.The harder you study, the better grades you will get.6. mind doing sth 介意做某事四、borrow 与 lend 的区别：borrow 借进 ( borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借进某物)lend 借出 ( lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人)eg: - May I borrow your book? - Certainly. Here you are. But you cant lend it to others.Exercise3:1. -Could you please pass me the eraser, Bob? -_.A. Sure, Here you are B. Thats all right C. Yes, please D. good idea 2. -Do you like talking with your friend on the telephone or mobile phone? - _. I enjoy chatting on-line.A. Neither B. Both B. C. None D. All3. - May I _ your dictionary? - Yes, sure. But you cant _ to others. A. keep; lend B. borrow; lend C. lend; borrow D. have; borrow4. It usually _ Mum about half an hour to cook dinner. A. pays B. takes C. spends D. costs5. We dont need to take and food. The hotel will _ free meals for us.A. offer B. give C. provide D. send6. Students shouldnt spend all their time _(do) their homework.7. The harder you study, the _(good) grades youll get.8. Everyone is equal(平等的) and we should know the importance of _(fair) when we share something.9. Playing computer game is _(浪费时间), and it is bad for our eyes, too.10. My father will give us a call_(一就) he gets to Shanghai.Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、重点词组1. 浏览look through 2. 重要的事big deal3.和睦相处get on/ along with 4. 与相处融洽get on/ along well with5. 成功发展；算出work out 6. 与争吵argue/ fight with7. 与交流communicate with 8.家庭成员family member9.依看来in ones opinion 10. 与竞争compete with sb.11. 与比较comparewith 12.哥哥elder brother13. 删除cut out= delete 14. 乌云black cloud15. 足够的睡眠enough sleep 16. 空闲时间free time (to do sth.)17. 球赛ball game 18.讲电话talk on the phone19. 以便so that 20. 不再notanymore21. 互相each other 22.课外活动after-school activities23. 篮球训练basketball training 24. 太多的压力too/ so much pressure二、固定搭配1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 2. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事3. continue doing / to do sth 继续做某事 = go on doing / to do sth4. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 5. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事6. not until 直到才 7. spend on / doing sth 做某事花费8. Why dont you +动词原形? = Why not +动词原形? 表示提建议。五、交际用语 1.提建议及应答：1) Lets +动词原形； 2）could(可以) / should +动词原形；3) What / How about +V-ing? 4) Shall we +动词原形？（我们将）5) Why dont you +动词原形? / Why not +动词原形? 6) Youd better +动词原形 (你最好) 同意：Good idea!/ Thats a good idea!/ That sounds good. / All right. / OK./ Yes, why not?/Yes/Sure/Of course, Id love to.不同意：Id love to, but/ Im afraid I cant. (要委婉拒绝) -Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening? -Good idea!2. 感谢与应答：-Thank you!/ Thank you very much!/ Thanks a lot! /Thank you very much for inviting me to your party. /Its very kind of you to help me.-Thats all right./ Youre welcome./ Not at all./ Its a pleasure./ My pleasure./ Dont mention it./Thats ok./ No problem.-Thank you for offering us such a good meal. -Im glad you all enjoy it.1)Thank you for everything youve done for me during my stay here. -_. A. Youre welcome B. It doesnt matter C. Yes, Id love to D. Be careful 六、语法：1. 让步状语从句：although/though（虽然） 与 but（但是） 不能同时使用Eg: Although she is ill, she still goes to school.2. 原因状语从句：because（因为）与 so （因此、所以） 不能同时使用Eg: She is ill, so she doesnt go to school.3. so that+ 目的状语从句 以便，为了Eg: He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry.4. so+adj/adv that+ 结果状语从句 如此以至于Eg: She is so friendly that we all like her very much.5. not until+ 时间状语从句/时间/地点 直到才Eg: I didnt go to school until I finished my homework last night.七、词义辨析：A. spend/spent pay/ paid take/took cost/cost 花费 1. spend/spent Sb. spend/spent + 时间/ 金钱 on sth./ doing sth.Eg: We spend two hours on / studying English. 2. pay/ paid Sb. pay/ paid sth./ + 金钱 for sth .Eg: My mother paid 20 yuan for the book. 3. take/took It takes / took sb. + 时间 to do sth.Eg: It takes me an hour to go home. 4.cost/cost Sth. cost (sb) + 金钱Eg: The book cost my mother 20 yuan.B. forget/ forgot忘记 leave/ left 忘记、遗留、 离开 1. 辨析forget to do sth.与 forget doing sth.forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事（已做）eg. He forgot (turn) the light off yesterday. Dont forget (turn) the light off when you leave.2. leave + 地点 离开某地leave sth .+地点 把某物遗留/ 忘记在某地 eg: I left my key at home yesterday.Exercise4:1. I hope you can offer some information to us, sir.A. explain; to B. sell; to C. think of; for D. provide; for2. Im sorry I have to refuse your invitation, because I have to study for a test.A. turn down B. come out C. look through D. work out3. You didnt come to school yesterday, I hope you can explain it.A. say sorry for it B. never do it C. make it clear D. make an excuse4. The little girl was crying because her mother didnt allow her _ the ice cream. A. eat B. eats C. to eat D. ate5. Look! Its raining heavily. _ take a raincoat with you? A. why not B. Why dont C. How about D. Would you like6. The little boy _ stop playing computer games _ his father came back. A. wont; until B. didnt; until C. doesnt; after D. doesnt; when7. Miss White doesnt like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting storybooks_. A. instead B. either C. too D. yet8. - Hurry up. The bus is coming! - Oh, no, we mustnt cross the street_ the traffic lights are green.A. after B. since C. while D. until9. -Why does your brother is so stressed?- Because my parents always compare him _ others.A. with B. by C. to D. from 10. I need some money. Im going to _ the newspaper for a part-time job. A. look for B. look at C. look after D. look through11. -Thank you for helping me with my homework. -_. A. Yes, sure B. No problem C. All right D. Sounds good12. -Sorry, Mr. Black. I _ my homework at home. -It doesnt matter! But dont _ it next time. A. leave; forget B. left; forget C. forget; leave D. take; bring 13. _the movie star goes, there are lots of fans waiting to see her. A. Whatever B. However C. Wherever D. Whoever14. Yunnan is _ colorful _ millions of people come to visit every year. A. tooto B. sothat C. not until D. sobut11. Good _(communicate) can make people feel close to each other.12. Dont put too much _(press) on the handle. It may break.13. After a short rest, he continued _(work) on these hard problems.14. Both parents and teachers should care about the childrens _(develop).15. Its _(usual) for him to get an “A” in the test. As we know, he is not good at the subject at all.16. Lisa is my _(old) sister and she is two years older than me.17. Sarah loves her dog very much. She always regards it as her _(家庭成员).18. Ever