2015年太奇公益模考试卷-英语 (1).pdf

绝密绝密 启用前启用前 2015 年全国年全国硕士研究生硕士研究生入学入学统一统一考试考试 管理类专业管理类专业硕士学位硕士学位联考联考 英语英语模拟模拟试卷试卷 考生须知考生须知 1 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则 2 答题前 考生将答题卡上的 姓名 考生编号 等信息填写清楚 并与准考证上 的一致 3 选择题的答案须用 2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上 其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型 答题卡上的答案无效 4 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答 凡做在试卷上 或未做在指定位置的答案无效 5 交卷时 请配合监考人员验收 并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字 作为考生交 卷的凭据 否则 所产生的一切后果由考生自负 姓名 姓名 听课证号 听课证号 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 1 共 共 14 页页 太奇太奇 2015 年管理类专业学位全国联考年管理类专业学位全国联考 英语 二 英语 二 模拟模拟试题试题 Section I Use of English Directions Read the following text For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A B C and D Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 10 points A few historians hold that the most important contribution of Dwight Eisenhower s presidency 总统任期 in the 1950s was the U S interstate highway system It was a 1 project easily surpassing the scale of such previous human 2 as the Panama Canal Eisenhower s interstate highways 3 the nation together in new ways and 4 major economic growth by making commerce less 5 Today an information superhighway has been built an electronic network that 6 libraries corporations government agencies and 7 This electronic superhighway is called the Internet 8 it is the backbone of the World Wide Web The Internet had its 9 in a 1969 U S Defense Department computer network called ARPAnet which 10 Advanced Research Projects Agency Network The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to 11 information In 1983 the National Science Foundation NSF 12 mission is to promote science took over This new NSF network 13 more and more institutional users many of 14 had their own internal networks For example most universities that 15 the NSF network had intra campus computer networks The NSF network 16 became a connector for thousands of other networks 17 a backbone system that interconnects networks internet was a name that fit So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure on which web 18 move It began as a military communication system which expanded into a government funded 19 research network Today the Internet is a user financed system tying institutions of many sorts together 20 an information superhighway 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 2 共 共 14 页页 1 A concise B radical C massive D trivial 2 A behaviors B endeavors C inventions D elements 3 A packed B stuck C suppressed D bound 4 A facilitated B modified C mobilized D terminated 5 A competitive B comparative C exclusive D expensive 6 A merges B connects C relays D unifies 7 A figures B personalities C individuals D humans 8 A and B yet C or D while 9 A samples B sources C origins D precedents 10 A stood by B stood for C stood against D stood over 11 A exchange B bypass C switch D interact 12 A their B that C when D whose 13 A expanded B contracted C attracted D extended 14 A what B which C these D them 15 A joined B attached C participated D involved 16 A moreover B however C likewise D then 17 A With B By C In D As 18 A contexts B signs C messages D leaflets 19 A citizen B civilian C amateur D resident 20 A into B amid C over D toward Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions Read the following passages Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A B C or D Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 40 points 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 3 共 共 14 页页 Text 1 Transporting large containers is not as glamorous 充满魅力的 as making films but shipping is doing more than Hollywood to boost southern California s economy these days The adjacent ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach already the two biggest in the country are growing quickly thanks to trade with China They are a giant job creating engine stimulating industrial and warehouse employment on a scale not seen in the region since the rise of the aerospace industry after World War II Sadly like most engines they are dirty The ports themselves reckon they are responsible for about 12 of all the diesel particle emissions and 45 of the sulphur oxides 硫磺氧化物 in southern California Carried east by prevailing winds such pollutants help to create some of America s worst air more than 50 miles inland Those who live close to the freeways 高速公路 leading out of the ports suffer the most Researchers have found that children living within a few hundred meters of such roads are not only more likely to suffer from asthma a disease of the breathing system and characterized by coughing They actually have smaller lungs The most ambitious effort to control pollution the one that may affect the local economy most drastically involves truckers Some 16 000 lorries 卡车 currently haul containers between ships and warehouses most of whom are owned by Hispanic immigrants The drivers put in long hours 13 a day is not unusual according to a survey They earn on average just under 35 000 a year Such jobs like many connected to the port are an important stepping stone on the path to the middle class The ports want to remove the oldest trucks and gradually upgrade the others so that within five years the fleet emits four fifths less pollution than at present To help pay for this they intend to levy 征收 a fee of 34 to 54 on every dirty vehicle entering the port Most important they want to turn a large unwieldy network of independent contractors into a more orderly group of companies operating concessions as happens in an airport We need to have more control explains Geraldine Knatz the head of Los Angeles port The reforms do nonetheless pose a threat to the ports competitiveness At present the truckers who work at the docks are price takers not price setters Because they are self employed they are almost impossible to unionize 加入工会 and consequently have little bargaining power All that could quite easily change if they were to become the employees of a few large firms Indeed the most enthusiastic welcome for the ports plans has 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 4 共 共 14 页页 come not from environmental groups but from the Teamsters union 21 What is the passage mainly about A the consequences of shipping industry in southern California B the causes of pollution along the coast of southern California C the pollution problem of the shipping industry in southern California D the role of shipping industry in southern California s economy 22 The author mentions the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach to justify that A they are the largest in the U S B they create new job opportunities C shipping industry is less glamorous than making movies D shipping industry plays a significant role in southern California s economy 23 We can infer from the passage that A Hollywood movies help little to improve southern California s economy these days B The shipping industry there is as dirty as other industries C People living near these ports suffer the most D The polluted air in the region may result in both asthma and smaller lungs 24 According to the passage the most ambitious effort to control pollution A has almost nothing to do with the truckers B could have negative impacts upon the local economy C may depend on independent contractors D will upgrade all the trucks to reduce pollution 25 According to the author the reforms bring about a threat to the port s competitiveness in that A the truckers unionization would raise the cost of the ports B truckers working at the docks are price takers C the Teamsters union would have little bargaining power D environmental groups are not enthusiastic about the plans Text 2 It could be quite reasonable to blame traffic jams the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life but manners on the roads are becoming horrible Everybody knows that the 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 5 共 共 14 页页 nicest men become monsters behind the wheel It is adequate again to have a tiger in the tank but to have one in the driver s seat is another matter altogether You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver but sadly nowadays the well mannered motorist is just an exception to the rule Perhaps the situation calls for a Be Kind to Other Drivers campaign otherwise it may get completely out of hand Road politeness is not just good manners but good sense too It takes the most cool headed and good tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior On the other hand a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today Many drivers nowadays don t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it However misplaced politeness can also be dangerous Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies A veteran driver whose manners are faultless told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper Unfortunately modern motorists can t even learn to drive let alone master the subtler aspects of boatmanship Years ago the experts warned us that the car ownership explosion would demand a lot more give and take from all road users It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart 26 According to this passage troubles on the road are primarily caused by A traffic conditions B the rhythm of modern life C the behavior of the drivers D people s attitude towards rude drivers 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 6 共 共 14 页页 27 The sentence You might tolerate the rude and the rule Para 1 implies that A our society is unjust towards well mannered motorists B rude drivers can be met only occasionally C the well mannered motorist cannot tolerate the inconsiderate drivers D nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists 28 By good sense Para 2 the writer means A the driver s ability to understand and react reasonably B the driver s prompt response to difficult and severe conditions C the driver s tolerance of rude or even savage behavior D the driver s acknowledgement of politeness and regulations 29 Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car ownership explosion A road users should demand more sacrifice B drivers should be ready to yield to each other C drivers should have more communication among themselves D drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others 30 What can be inferred from this passage A Strict traffic regulations are badly needed B Drivers should apply road politeness properly C Rude drivers should be punished D Drivers should avoid traffic jams Text 3 The percentage of immigrants in the U S including those unlawfully present has been creeping upward for years At 12 5 percent it is now higher than at any point since the mid 1920s We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America s bloodstream But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort of newcomers Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot and indeed do not want to fit in as previous generations did 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 7 共 共 14 页页 We now know that these racist views were wrong In time Italians Romanians and members of other so called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly in ways too numerous to detail to the building of this magnificent nation There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success While children of Mexican immigrants do better in terms of educational and professional attainment than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don t continue Indeed the fourth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson of the University of Michigan has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants Tells fears that Mexican Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired 陷入 in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement Like African Americans Mexican Americans are increasingly relegated to 降入 segregated substandard schools and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic racial inferiority But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways those things happen pretty much on their own But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation about how to ensure that people once outsiders don t forever remain marginalized within these shores That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers or how best to secure the border and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest wave of would be Americans And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right 31 How did the U S Congress in early days view immigrants A They were of inferior races B They were a source of political corruption C They were a threat to the nation s security D They were part of the nation s bloodstream 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 8 共 共 14 页页 32 What does the author think of the new immigrants A They will be a dynamic workforce in the U S B They can do just as well as their predecessors C They will be very disappointed on the new land D They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream 33 What does Edward Telles research say about Mexican Americans A They may slowly improve from generation to generation B They will do better in terms of educational attainment C They will melt into the African American community D They may forever remain poor and underachieving 34 What should be done to help the new immigrants A Rid them of their inferiority complex B Urge them to adopt American customs C Prevent them from being marginalized D Teach them standard American English 35 According to the author the burning issue concerning immigration is A how to deal with people entering the U S without documents B how to help immigrants to better fit into American society C how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the border D how to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U S Text 4 Literacy may be under attack from electronic media but that s actually nothing new In fact the assault on the written word began not with the Macintosh computer in 1984 but with Samuel Morse s demonstration of the telegraph in 1844 an innovation a colleague on The Economist insists quite correctly on calling the Victorian internet In an essay on why Johnny and Janey can t read and why Mr and Ms Smith can t teach Mark Federman of the McLuhan Programme in Culture and Technology at the University of Toronto argued that the telegraph was the first to undo the effects of the written word 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 9 共 共 14 页页 If the telegraph was the starting point Mr Federman reckons we are probably half way through a 300 year transition out of the world of mass literacy That world began when Johannes Gutenberg introduced the printing press in 1455 and gave birth along the way to the Reformation the Age of Reason the Enlightenment the Scientific Method and finally the Industrial Revolution not to mention the modern era of newspapers universal education and yes mass literacy What little we know is that our sources of trusted wisdom are eroding fast When academics pay to have their findings published invent results or ignore conflicting data to keep a sponsor s money flowing it s hard to view our learned institutions as sources of reliable information Nowadays we seem to put greater faith in the wisdom of crowds Hence our trust of Google which ranks a web page by how many other pages are linked to it and how many other searchers view the page in question In doing so we prize the confidence of our peers above that of experts In Mr Federman s view the quest 追求 for truth has given way to the quest for making sense of the world as experienced For anyone under the age of 20 the world being experienced is one where the internet has always existed and where everyone who matters is only a click speed dial or text message away Tomorrow s adults says Mr Federman live in a world of connectivity and closeness Their direct experience of the world is wholly different from yours or mine So no surprise that when we encage teenagers of today in traditional classroom settings they react with predictable disinterest and flunk their literacy tests They are skilled in making sense not of a body of known content but of contexts that are continually changing Teachers must recognize that our educational tools are inconsistent with the skills needed to survive in a world where people are always connected to everyone and everything In such a world learning to think for oneself could well be more important than simply learning to read and write 36 The challenge for written language A started with electronic media B was related to the computer C was traced back to the internet 英语英语 二 二 试卷试卷 10 共 共 14 页页 D originated from telegraph 37 From paragraph 3 mass literacy was A a product of the printing press B a result of the Reformation C a cause for widespread education D a transition from telegraph age 38 Nowadays the source of information depends on A academics B experts C publications D masses 39 According to Mr Federman the future world is characte