高考语法大盘点-----时态和语态.doc

高考语法大盘点-动词的时态和语态 江苏省平潮高级中学 王祥国【真题再现】1. Daniels family _ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.（09安徽） A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying【答案简析】答案：D。由时间状语this time next week“下周的这个时候”可以确定用将来进行时，表示将来的某个时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。2. Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair _ all day. Could you speak to her now?(09辽宁) A. phones B. has phonedC. has been phoning D. phoned【答案简析】答案：C。由all day可知，Marcia一整天都在打电话，用完成时；另外，由答句“Could you speak to her now?”可知，她现在还在打，所以用现在完成进行时。3. My parents have promised to come to see me before I _ for Africa.(09辽宁) A. have left B. leave C. left D. will leave【答案简析】答案：B。在before引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时。4. This is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family.(09陕西) A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen【答案简析】答案：D。This is the first time后用现在完成时，This was the first time后用过去完成时，It is time that sb+过去时态。5. Scientists have many theories about how the universe _ into being.(09北京) A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come【答案简析】答案：A。宇宙是过去形成的，且针对动词have(表示现在)，因此只能用一般过去时态。6. The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.(09北京) A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated【答案简析】答案：B。根据题干可知，guests与treat之间是动宾关系，因此要用被动语态，由此可以排除A,C两项；另外，treat这个动作应该发生在influence之前，后发生的动作用一般过去时，先发生的动作用过去将来时，不合逻辑，因此D也是错误的。7. When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up, her voice had been full of life.(09北京) A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang【答案简析】答案：C。by the time引导时间状语从句，从句部分用一般过去时，主句部分用过去完成时。这句话意思为：当我通过电话跟祖母讲话时，她的声音听起来很是虚弱。可是到我挂电话时，她的声音却充满了活力。再看下面一句：By the time my mother comes back, I will have finished my homework.到妈妈回来时为止，我将已经完成作业。在这里从句用一般现在时态，主句用将来完成时。8. John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _ with them to school.(09北京) A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take【答案简析】答案：B。根据句意可知，约翰现在用的手提箱是他父亲和祖父用过的。这里take这个动作发生在过去的一个动作was given之前，即表示“过去的过去”，因此用过去完成时。9. -Ive got to go now.-Must you? I _ you could stay for dinner with us.(09重庆)A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking【答案简析】答案：B。根据句意可知，当说话者要走时，听话者感到意外，因为他（她）在此之前以为对方可以留下来和他们一起吃晚饭。由此可知，这是他（她）过去的一个想法，因此要用一般过去时。10. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated.(09重庆) A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged【答案简析】答案：A。belong to表示“属于”之意，不能用被动语态，而且也无进行时，因此只有A正确。11. She stared at the painting, wondering where she _ it.(09重庆) A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen【答案简析】答案：D。根据句意可知，see的动作发生在谓语动词stared的动作之前，而stared是一般过去时态，所以see要用过去完成时，即表示“过去的过去”。其它选项不合题意。12. My parents _ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.(09天津) A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live【答案简析】答案：A。根据题意：我父母出生在香港，并且一直住在那儿。因此，这里用一般现在时表明一个客观事实。13. When he _ the door, he found his keys were nowhere.(09湖南) A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open【答案简析】答案：D。when引导的时间状语从句中，不可用将来时。A错误；B,C不合题意，既然开门了，怎么能发现找不到钥匙呢？be to open the door表示正准备开门。14. Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ and I want to listen.(09湖南) A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast【答案简析】答案：B。根据题意可知，说话者在收听正在播报的天气预报，因此要求对方不要讲话，由此可知，用进行时态；天气预报是被播报，因此B正确。15. -The food here is nice enough (09湖南)-My friend _ me a right place A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introduced【答案简析】答案：B。首句讲这儿的菜很不错，用的是一般现在时态，那朋友介绍给我这个地方应该在现在以前，即过去；C答案有一定的干扰性，但针对现在不可以用过去完成时。16. -Why does the lake smell terrible?(09福建) -Because large quantities of water _. A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted【答案简析】答案：D。本题既考查了时态，又考查了主谓一致。根据对话内容可知，所填动词应该是表示过去已经发生的动作对现在产生的影响，因此应该用现在完成时，且动词与主语是被动关系，由此排除A,B两项。另外，large quantities of修饰名词时，谓语动词用复数形式，a large quantity of修饰可数名词时，谓语动词用复数；修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。17. According to literary review, Shakespeare _ his characters live through their language in his plays. (09福建)A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes【答案简析】答案：D。根据题干内容可知，这是一个客观事实，即介绍了莎士比亚的写作风格，因此本题应该用一般现在时。18. -What do you think of the movie?(09浙江)-Its fantastic. The only pity is that I _ the beginning of it. A. missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss【答案简析】答案：A。既然叫你评价这部电影，那你应该看了这部电影，因此，错过电影的开头也应该是过去的，用一般过去时。前面的时态是现在时，针对现在不可以用过去完成时。19. Over the past decades, sea ice _ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.(09浙江) A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreased D. is decreasing【答案简析】答案：C。over the past decades表示“在过去的几十年中”之意，应用现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果。20. His sister left home in 1998, and _ since.(09全国卷I) A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of【答案简析】答案：B。由since可知，表示“从他姐姐1998年离开家乡到现在”，因此应该用现在完成时态，而不是过去完成时态，这就排除A,C;同时hear of和his sister之间应该是被动关系，她姐姐的来信没有被收到（即她姐姐杳无音信）。21. Edward, you play so well. But I _ you played the piano. (09全国卷I) A. didnt know B. hadnt known C. dont know D. havent known【答案简析】答案：A。由Edward, you play so well可知。说话者现在知道了Edward演奏的很好，而后一句可是不知道Edward会演奏钢琴，只能是过去，而不是现在和过去的过去，因此只能用一般过去时态。22. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets _ out.(09上海) A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. were selling【答案简析】答案：B。由句意可知，去买票是过去的，而票售完是在去买票之前，即过去的过去，因此用过去完成时态。23. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch any unattended bag. (09上海) A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. always warned【答案简析】答案：B。people与warn之间是被动关系，其主动形式为warn sb. not to do sth.提醒某人不做某事，warn后无宾语，那肯定用被动语态；由前面的时间状语可知，动作发生在过去期间，而不是过去的过去。24. Progress _ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. (09全国卷II) A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be【答案简析】答案：C。由前一句的状语so far(到目前为止)和后一句的一般现在时和一般将来时可知，这里应该用现在完成时态。句意为：到目前为止，我们的进展如此顺利，相信我们将按时完成工作。25. The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.(09江苏) A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing【答案简析】答案：A。本题不仅考查了时态，还考查了主谓一致。the population of Jiangsu是个整体概念，谓语动词应该用单数；有句意：江苏人口已增长到1949年的两倍多，这个数字正接近7千4百万，可知这里应该用现在完成时。26. -Ann is in hospital.-Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her. (09江苏)A. didnt; am going to B. dont; wouldC. dont; will D. didnt; will【答案简析】答案：D。根据Oh, really可知，不知道是指刚才，既然你告诉我了，现在已经知道了。事先不知道，不可以用表示计划、安排做某事的be going to do sth.。27. -Hi, Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?-Sorry. _.(09江苏) A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired【答案简析】答案：C。根据对话语境可知，回答者的意思是说他的电脑正在修理中，所以无法借给对方，这里用进行时态的被动语态。28. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _rising steadily since 1990.(09山东) A. is B. are C. has been D. have been【答案简析】答案：C。本题不仅考查了时态，而且考查了主谓一致。the number of +可数名词复数后接谓语动词单数形式(这时的主语看作是number)；a number of +可数名词复数后接谓语动词复数形式（a number of 看作修饰语）。例如：The number of people who buy private cars is increasing.同时由since判断时态应该是现在完成时态。29. I was out of town at the time, so I dont know exactly how it _.(09山东) A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened【答案简析】答案：B。由第一句的时态可知，动作发生在过去。由how可知只是叙述过去的事实，并不强调正在进行和对现在的影响和结果，因此不用进行时态和完成时态。30. -What is the price of petrol these days?-Oh, it _ sharply since last month.(09江西)A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased【答案简析】答案：B。答句中有since last month,因此时态用现在完成时态，强调现在的结果。raise是及物动词，无宾语时需用被动语态；arise“出现、发生”之意，与句意不相符，因为上句问的是价格。31. -Do you want a lift home?-Its very kind of you, but I have to work late in the office. I overslept this morning because my alarm clock_.(09江西) A. doesnt go off B. wont go off C. wasnt going off D. didnt go off【答案简析】答案：D。因为闹钟不走这个事实是发生在早晨，因此用一般过去时叙述过去的事情，而不是过去进行时态，因为过去进行时态表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。32. -Why dont we choose that road to save time?-The bridge to it _.(09四川)A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired【答案简析】答案：C。桥是被修的，因此A错误；由语境可知，我们没有选择那条路，因为桥“正在被修”。33. -You speak very good French!-Thanks. I _French in Sichuan University for four years.(09四川)A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied【答案简析】答案：A。根据首句“你的法语讲的很好！（肯定指现在）”，针对现在，答句不可以用过去完成时，D错误；学法语是过去的事，B错误；这里是叙述过去的事实情况，并不强调过去正在进行的动作，A正确。意思为：我曾经在四川大学学了四年法语。【巩固操练】1. -Will you be free next week, Mr. Chairman?-Im afraid not. I_ a meeting on global warming from Monday to Friday. A. am having B. will be having C. will have D. will have had2. My headache is killing me. I _ it _away. But now its getting worse and worse. A. think; is going B. thought; was going C. have thought; is going D. had thought; was going3. If you visited our school this month, you would be amazing to see a modern stadium _ here. A. is constructing B. were constructing C. is being constructed D. were being constructed4. -Ring me at 6 tomorrow morning?-Why that early? I _. A. will sleep B. have slept C. will be sleeping D. have been sleeping5. Edison Chen(Chen Guanxi) said he _ to escape responsibility while he was away, as he needed to show support to his family and loved ones. A. hadnt being tried B. hadnt been tried C. hadnt been trying D. hadnt being trying6. Our monitor _ a qualification for an Olympic torch carried when reporters came to interview him in large numbers. A. scarcely gained B. would scarcely gain C. had scarcely gained D. was scarcely gaining7. -How long _in Hong Kong?-For just the weekend. Ill be back next Monday morning. A. have you stayed B. are you staying C. did you stay D. had you stayed8. -Please tell the court what really happened.-Oh, I _, and I hit a parked car. A. wouldnt pay attention B. hadnt paid attention C. havent paid attention D. wasnt paying attention9. -I wonder why he _ so strangely these days.-Recent pressure at study may account for his behavior. A. was acting B. is acting C. acted D. acts10. By his next birthday, he _ married for ten years. A. will be B. has been C. will have been D. will have got11. The prices _up all the time and no one knows when it will become stable. A. were going B. have been going C. have gone D. had been going12. -Lets discuss the question raised last night, shall we?-There is no hurry for that. I _ for a conference. A. headed B. was heading C. am heading D. have headed13. -Why do you look so worried?-My computer broke down and my essay _ unfinished since. A. was left B. has left C. left D. has been left14. -Another cup of coffee? Thats your third since lunch.-Yeah, well, I _ all night preparing for my history exam. I can hardly keep my eyes open. A. stayed up B. have stayed up C. have been staying up D. will stay up15. They_ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go. A. would be given B. had been given C. have been given D. were given16. -Have you ever been to Beijing?-Yes, only once. I _there only for two days. A. stayed B. was staying C. have stayed D. had stayed17. His father _that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. A. had hoped B. hoped C. hopes D. has hoped18. In his opinion, shoes made in Chengdu are of high quality and _ long. A. are worn B. are wearing C. worn out D. wear19. After driving for thirty miles, he suddenly realized that he _ in the wrong direction. A. had been driving B. had been driven C. has been driving D. was driven20. I _ basketball quite well, but I havent had time to practise it since I came to Senior 3. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play21. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _ half of it. A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed22. -Peter, you _ the window quickly, will you? -OK! Oh! The window _ broken. A. shut; is B. will shut; has been C. are shutting; was D. have shut; has23. - Such a mistake could have been avoided. -Unfortunately, he _ the mistake again and again. A. had repeated B. repeat