人教版必修五Unit 3 Life in the future Language points课时作业（6）.docx

unit 3 life in the future language points课时作业第一节阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。a(2017河北冀州中学高二检测)the healthy habits survey(调查) shows that only about one third of american seniors have correct habits. here are some findings and expert advice.1. how many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?finding：a full33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.step：remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated tooth brush. brush gently for 2 minutes at least twice a day.2. how many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?finding：seniors，on average，bathe fewer than 3 days a week. and nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a dayhalf of the number doctors recommend.step：we touch our faces around 3,000 times a dayoften inviting germs(病菌) to enter our mouth，nose，and eyes. use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. and，most importantly，wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.3. how often do you think about fighting germs?finding：seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.step：be aware of germs. do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else？to kill these germs，youre your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.语篇解读本文为应用文，题材为介绍说明类调查报告。本文介绍了对美国年长者健康生活习惯的调查结果及专家建议。1 what is found out about american seniors?a.most of them have good habits.b.nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week.c.all of them are fighting germs better than expected.d.about one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第一条调查结果“a full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.”可知d项正确。2.doctors suggest that people should wash their hands _.a.twice a dayb.three times a dayc.four times a dayd.eight times a day答案d解析细节理解题。根据第二条调查结果中30%的年长者一天洗手四次，而这个数目是“half of the number doctors recommend (医生建议数目的一半)”，故医生建议每天洗手的次数应该是八次。3.which of the following is true according to the text?a.we should keep from touching our faces.b.there are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.c.a kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.d.we should wash our hands before touching a door handle.答案c解析细节理解题。在第三条调查结果中的step部分，作者用了一个强调句型“.it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else？”来说明：不是你的洗手间而是你厨房里的海绵携带更多的病菌。故选c项。4.the text probably comes from_.a.aguide bookb.a popular magazinec.a book reviewd.an official document答案b解析文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文显然不是书评(a book review)，也不是政府文件(an official document)。a项有较强的干扰性，但本文主要是面向公众的日常知识普及，而不是生活指导，所以本文更可能来自大众类的杂志。故选b。b(2017安徽六安一中高二检测)it is named a kind of wooden eiffel tower，because of the fact that there was a large wooden platform far out in the lake on which stood an improbably high diving board. it was，im sure，the countys tallest wooden structure and no one had ever been known to jump from it.so it was quite a shock when our teacher，mr david，announced that he would dive off the high board that very afternoon.word of his questionable plan was already spreading through town as mr david swam out to the platform. he was just a tiny，stick figure when he got there but even from such a distance the high board seemed almost to touch the clouds. once at the top，he paced the enormously long board，then took some deep breaths and finally stood at edge. he was going to do it.several hundred people had gathered at the shore to watch. mr david stood for quite a long time，then he raised his arms，took one massive bounce and launched himself into a perfect dive. it was beautiful. he fell with perfect style for what seemed minutes. the crowd fell silent. the only sound to be heard was the faint whistle of his body tearing through the air toward the water far，far below.but about three quarters of the way down he seemed to have second thoughts and began suddenly to panic，waving his arms and legs like someone having a bad dream. when he was perhaps thirty feet above the water，he gave upon waving and spread his arms and legs wide，apparently hoping that it would somehow slow his fall.it didnt.he hit the water at over six hundred miles an hour. the impact was so loud that it made birds fly out of their trees three miles away. i dont think he entered the water at all. he just bounced off it，about fifteen feet back into the air. after that，he lay still on the surface，spinning like an autumn leaf.he was brought to shore by two passing fishermen in a row boat and placed on an old blanket where he spent the rest of the afternoon. occasionally he accepted small sips of water，but otherwise was too shocked to speak. from head to toe，he was covered with deep red bruises.it was the best day of my life.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要描述了自己的老师david从一个非常高的跳水板上跳水的过程。5. how did the writer find mr davids plan to jump from the diving board?a.heroic.b.disappointing.c.crazy.d.confused.答案c解析作者态度题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段可知，作者认为，没人敢从那个跳水板上跳下来，而当作者得知david老师要从上面跳下来的时候很震惊。由此可推断出，作者认为david老师这样做很疯狂，超出了人们的预料。故选c。6.in paragraph 3，mr david is described as“a tiny，stick figure”because he was_.a.very farawayb.very small and thinc.tired after swimmingd.sure to be broken答案a解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.when he got there but even from such a distance the high board seemed almost to touch the clouds.”可知，观众觉得david有些渺小是因为david站得很高，离观众很远。故选a。7.why did mr david suddenly start swinging his arms and legs during the dive?a.he thought it was the best way to slow his fall.b.he wanted to show his courage.c.he was signaling the crowd for help.d.he lost his confidence and started to panic.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第五段首句可知，david老师在跳的过程中突然开始晃动他的四肢是因为失去自信而有些恐慌。故选d。c(2017湖南醴陵一中高二检测)back in 2003 an 86-year-old man drove his buick through a crowded farmers market. nine people were killed. more than fifty- four people were hurt，fourteen with serious injuries. when he finally stopped，the 86-year-old man got out of his car and screamed at people to get out of the way. no alcohol or drugs were found in his system. apparently，he was just old and confused.this is a frightening accident，and it is not a rare one. there are many examples of elderly drivers driving into swimming pools，houses，store fronts，or worse.in our teenage years，we all heard “driving is not a right；its a privilege.” that is still true，and there comes an age when driving is no longer a privilege that can be allowed. after a certain age，eyesight and dementia(痴呆) are very serious concerns. undoubtedly，these age-related problems affect some older adults driving ability. by the time a person is between eighty-five and ninety years old，his or her driving privilege should be examined.licensing laws vary greatly from state to state，and its time for a national law on the maximum age limit for driving. the motivation for this law is safety. another option is to start with laws that ban anyone over the age of eighty-five from driving after sundown，because driving conditions are not as safe as daylight hours. still another option that may allow elderly drivers to continue driving could be new technology like a voice warning system that cautious drivers on busy streets or at traffic lights. finally，since there are laws against driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs，shouldnt some prescription drugs also be included? the average age of 85-year-old is undoubtedly taking at least one prescription drug daily.the thought of an 86-year-old driver with failing eyesight running down the road in a two-ton piece of metal is unsettling to us all. driving at an advanced age is not only challenging for the elderly drivers，but also its dangerous for the rest of us.语篇解读文章介绍了一个老人开车造成了严重的伤害，作者认为应该对老年人开车的年龄进行限制。8.the first paragraph is written in order to show_.a.the harm of driving at an old ageb.the importance of traffic safetyc.traffic accidents are on the rised.many elderly drivers are careless答案a解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“nine people were killed. more than fifty-four people were hurt，fourteen with serious injuries.”可知，第一段主要介绍了老年人开车造成的危害。9.the author suggests that there should be new laws against driving _.a.over eighty-fiveb.between sunset and dawnc.with the help of voice warning systemsd.under the influence of prescription drugs答案d解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“since there are laws against driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs，shouldnt some prescription drugs also be included？”可知，作者建议制定法律禁止在服用一些处方药的情况下开车。故选d。10.the underlined word“unsettling”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to“_”.a.disappointingb.worrying c.touchingd.interesting答案b解析词义猜测题。由下文“高龄开车不仅对高龄司机是种挑战，对其他人来说也很危险”可知，想到一个86岁视力衰退的老人开车在公路上行驶，这种情况应该是令人担心的。unsettling意为“令人担心的”。故选b。11.which of the following would be the best title for the text?a.how to keep old people safe on the road?b.are drivers well protected by licensing laws?c.should there be an age limit for elderly drivers?d.is driving a right or a privilege for an old person?答案c解析标题归纳题。根据全文和第四段中的句子“licensing laws vary greatly from state to state，and its time for a national law on the maximum age limit for driving.”可知，文章提出要对老年司机的年龄进行限制。故选c。d(2017贵州航天高级中学高二检测)it happened to me recently. i was telling someone how much i had enjoyed reading barack obamas dreams from my father and how it had changed my views of our president. a friend i was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a wonderfully written book”.however，he then went on to talk about mr obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. i felt that i was talking to a book liar.and it seems that my friend is not the only one. approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they havent. in the world book days “report on guilty(愧疚的) secrets”，dreams from my father is at number 9. the report lists ten books， and various authors，which people have lied about reading，and as im not one to lie too often (id hate to be caught out)，ill admit here and now that i havent read the entire top ten. but i am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，i have read the book at number one，george orwells 1984. i think its really brilliant.the world book day report also has some other interesting information in it. it says that many people lie about having read jane austen，charles dickens，fyodor dostoevsky (i havent read him，but havent lied about it either) and herman melville.asked why they lied，the most common reason was to“impress”someone they were speaking to. this could be tricky if the conversation became more in-depth!but when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named j. k. rowling，john grisham，sophie kinsella (ah，the big sellers，in other words). forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(ill come clean：i do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so).语篇解读本文的话题是book liar，列举了大家谎称读了实际未读的书目，以及大家喜欢的一些作家，并阐述了人们撒谎的常见理由。12.what did the author think of dreams from my father?a.it was his favorite.b.it made little sense.c.he was very fond of it.d.he totally had no idea.答案c解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“i was telling someone how much i had enjoyed reading barack obamas dreams from my father and how it had changed my views of our president.”可知，作者很喜欢这本书，这本书使他改变了对总统的看法。故选c。13.what can we learn from“report on guilty secrets”？a.58% of people havent read 1984.b.all of the listed authors are unknown.c.many people have ever lied about reading.d.dreams from my father isnt among the top ten.答案c解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they havent. in the world book days report on guilty(愧疚的) secrets，dreams from my father is at number 9. the report lists ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading.”可知，报告中提到大约三分之二的人曾谎称读过某些书。故选c。14.why do people probably lie about reading?a.to admire the writer.b.to advertise the book.c.to start a conversation.d.to leave a good impression.答案d解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“asked why they lied，the most common reason was to impress someone they were speaking to.”可知，人们之所以选择撒谎是想让对方觉得自己知识渊博，从而给对方一个好的印象。故选d。15.whats the tone (语气) of the author in the article?a.very friendly.b.a little humorous.c.rather confusing.d.quite cautious.答案b解析推理判断题。根据文中括号里的句子“(id hate to be caught out)，(i havent read him，but havent lied about it either) (ah，the big sellers，in other words)”等可知作者在文章中的语气是有些幽默的，故选b。第二节语法填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2017甘肃天水一中高二检测)everyone can benefit a lot from reading books. the following is about various benefits of reading books._16_ whenever you read something，you lea