2015英语高考浙江卷.doc

.2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)选择题部分(共80分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节单项填空(共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分)从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1Hi，John.Are you busy?_AYes.I do agree.BYes.That would be nice.CNo.Are you sure?DNo.Whats up?答案D解析考查交际用语。句意为：你好，约翰。你忙吗？不忙，有什么事吗？No.Whats up？不，怎么了，有什么事吗，符合语境。Yes.I do agree.是的，我的确同意；Yes.That would be nice.是的，那太好了；No.Are you sure？不，你确定吗？2Janes grandmother had wanted to write _ childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in _ way.Aa；/ Bthe；the C/；the Da；the答案D解析考查冠词。句意为：简的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定表达in the way妨碍，阻碍。3Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _ animals both on land and sea?Aabout Bto Cwith Dover答案B解析本题考查固定搭配。句意为：你听说过是海陆两栖动物栖息地的树吗？be home to为固定搭配，意为“是的栖息地，是的家园”。4It was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak.Acouldnt BshouldntCmustnt Dneednt答案A解析考查情态动词辨析。句意为：太吵闹了，我们连自己说的话都听不到。couldnt表示“不能”，符合语境。5Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.Aproduce BpronounceCprocess Ddownload答案C解析考查动词辨析。句意为：研究表明左右耳处理声音的方式不同。process加工，处理，符合语境。produce生产，制作，创作；pronounce发音；download下载。6If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.Awhat BwhoCthat Dwhoever答案A解析考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话，务必调查清楚水面之下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。分析句子结构可知，此处investigate后接了宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。who与whoever都可以作主语，但是不符合句意；that在名词性从句中仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。7Body language can _ a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.Atake away Bthrow awayCput away Dgive away答案D解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：身势语能够清楚地泄露出你的情绪，因此双臂交叉站着则表示你正在防御。give away泄露，符合语境。take away拿开，拿走；throw away扔掉；put away收起来，放好，储存。8Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child，few people guessed that he _ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.Ahas been Bhad beenCwas going to be Dwas答案C解析考查动词时态。句意为：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦生于1879年。孩提时，很少有人会猜想到他能成为其理论会改变世界的著名科学家。由语境可知，此处指在爱因斯坦小时候人们所猜想的，表示“从过去看将来”，要用过去将来时态，用would/should do，was/were to do或者was/were going to do表示，故C项正确。9_ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.AJust as BEven thoughCUntil DUnless答案A解析句意为：正如一个单词可以改变一句话的意思一样，一个句子也可以改变一段话的意思。just as正如，正像，符合语境。even though尽管；until直到；unless除非，如果不。10Most people work because its unavoidable._，there are some people who actually enjoy work.AAs a result BIn additionCBy contrast DIn conclusion答案C解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：大多数人工作是因为无法避免，_也有一些人确实喜欢工作。根据语境可知，此处表示前后对比。by contrast相比之下，符合语境。as a result结果；in addition另外，此外；in conclusion总之。11We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or _ our emotions than for straight facts.Ablock off Bappeal toCsubscribe to Dcome across答案B解析考查短语意义辨析。句意为：相对于直白的事实，我们对于激发自己感觉或唤起自己情感的事物，记忆往往更加深刻。appeal to意为“对有吸引力”，符合句意。block off封闭，封锁；subscribe to同意，赞同，支持；come across偶遇。12How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?Athem BoneCthose Dit答案D解析考查代词辨析。句意为：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想？固定表达how would you like it if.，在此结构中it代替后面if从句的内容。13Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive.Asteadily BinstantlyCformerly Dpermanently答案C解析考查副词辨析。句意为：我们大多数人，如果对食物来源多少知道一点点的话，就会明白我们嘴里的每一口食物从前都是有生命的。formerly以前，从前，符合语境。steadily稳固地，坚定地，不动摇地；instantly立刻，马上；permanently永久地，长期不变地。14Listening is thus an active，not a _，behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering.Aconsiderate BsensitiveCreliable Dpassive答案D解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：聆听是一种积极的行为，而不是被动的接受，它涉及听、理解和记忆。passive被动的，消极的，与前面的active对应。considerate体贴的，体谅的；sensitive易受伤害的，易受影响的，敏感的；reliable可靠的，可信赖的。15One of the most effective ways to reduce _ is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.Aproduction BstressCenergy Dpower答案B解析考查名词辨析。句意为：减少压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈你的感受。stress压力，紧张，符合语境。production生产，制作，产品；energy精力，活力，干劲；power权力，势力，影响力。16If steel is heavier than water，why are ships able to _ on the sea?Afloat Bdrown Cshrink Dsplit答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意为：如果钢铁比水重的话，那为什么轮船能够浮在海面上？float漂浮，符合语境。drown淹没，(使)溺死；shrink(使)收缩，(使)缩小；split (使)裂开，(使)破裂。17These comments came _ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.Ain memory of Bin response toCin touch with Din possession of答案B解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：这些评论是对当地记者经常询问的具体问题的回应。in response to作为对的回答，作为对的反应，符合语境。in memory of为了纪念；in touch with与有联系；in possession of拥有，持有。18Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _ live is quite another.Aperform BperformingCto perform Dbeing performed答案D解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系，且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐，故应用being performed作宾语补足语。19Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.Aas BwhoseCin which Dat which答案C解析考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意为：创造让雇员感受到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知，_ employees feel part of a team是一个定语从句，从句中缺少状语，故用where或“介词which”引导，根据与先行词an atmosphere的搭配可判断介词用in，故选C项。20Why dont you consider a trip to，say，Beijing or Hangzhou?_.AI wouldnt mind thatBThen well get there quicklyCLets call it a dayDIts not a requirement答案A解析考查情景交际。句意为：你为什么不考虑去旅游呢？比方说去北京或杭州。_ I wouldnt mind that我很想那样做；Then well get there quickly那么我们就能很快到那里了；Lets call it a day今天我们就到此为止；Its not a requirement这不是必须要做的事。分析语境可知，此处是回答对方提出的建议，只有A项符合。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford，Ive watched one friend after another land highranking，highpaying Wall Street jobs.As executives (高级管理人员) with banks，consulting firms，established law firms，and major corporations，many are now _21_ on their way to impressive careers.By societys _22_，they seem to have it made.On the surface，these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind，many had a _23_ drink at their cheap but friendly local bar，shook hands with longtime roommates，and _24_ out of small apartments into high buildings.They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine _25_ a college years monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.The thing is，a number of them have _26_ that despite their success，they arent happy.Some _27_ of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eighthour workweeks devoted to tasks they _28_.Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and _29_.However，instead of devoting themselves to their work，they find themselves working to support the _30_ to which they have so quickly become _31_.People often speak of trying a more satisfying path，and _32_ in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they _33_ or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion：its _34_.They have loans，bills，a mortgage(抵押贷款) to _35_，retirement to save for.They recognize theres something _36_ in their lives，but its _37_ to step off the track.In a society that tends to _38_ everything in terms of dollars and cents，we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our _39_ in financial terms.But what about the personal and social costs _40_ in pursuing money over meaning？These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignoreand the very ones we need to consider most.21A.much BneverCseldom Dwell答案D解析上文提到作者的很多朋友已经成为“银行、咨询公司、法律事务所以及大公司等的高级管理人员”，此处选择D项表示“现在很多人在通往骄人的职业之路上表现得非常出色”，well是“表现出色地，很好地”之意，符合语境。much非常，很；never从不；seldom很少。22A.policies Bstandards Cexperiments Dregulations答案B解析根据空格前面的介词by及上下文语境可推知，此处表示“按照标准”，故选择B项，意为“标准”。policy政策；experiment实验；regulation规则，规章。23A.last BleastCsecond Dbest答案A解析根据前面的“As they left student life behind.”可知，当他们离开学校时，很多人去便宜且友好的当地酒吧喝最后一次酒。24A.cycled BmovedCslid Dlooked答案B解析离开狭小的学生公寓进入高楼大厦中。move out of搬离，符合语境。25A.shared BpaidCequaled Dcollected答案C解析在饭店里一瓶酒的价格相当于大学一个月的租金。equal与相等或相同，符合语境。26A.advertised Bwitnessed Cadmitted Ddemanded答案C解析实际情况是，他们中的很多人承认尽管他们很成功，但并不快乐。admit承认，符合语境。advertise做广告；witness目击；demand要求。27A.complain BdreamChear Dapprove答案A解析根据后面的unfriendly coworkers以及后面一系列不开心的举动可知，一些人抱怨同事不友好。complain of抱怨，诉苦，符合语境。28A.distribute BhateCapplaud Dneglect答案B解析由空格前后的语境，特别是feel sad for.可推知，此处表示“他们厌恶的工作任务”，故hate“讨厌，厌恶”符合语境。29A.calm BguiltyCwarm Dempty答案D解析根据空格前后的语境，特别是feeling tired可推知，此处表示有些人并不尊重自己为之工作的公司，而且会感到厌倦和空虚，故此处答案为empty，意为“空虚的”。30A.family BgovernmentClifestyle Dproject答案C解析但他们并不专心于自己的工作，他们工作只是为了维持这种很快就习以为常的生活方式。lifestyle生活方式，符合语境。31A.accustomed BappointedCunique Davailable答案A解析固定表达become accustomed to对变得习以为常，习惯于。32A.yet BalsoCinstead Drather答案A解析根据上下文可知，这里表示转折关系，故要用yet。33A.let out Bturn inCgive up Dbelieve in答案D解析离职去从事他们自己看好的事情。believe in相信，符合语境。let out泄露，发出；turn in上交，呈交；give up放弃。34A.fundamental BpracticalCimpossible Dunforgettable答案C解析联系下文可知，想法没有成为现实，故选impossible，意为“不可能的”。35A.take off Bdrop offCput off Dpay off答案D解析根据空格前面的loans，bills，a mortgage可知，此处表示“有借款、账单、抵押货款需要支付”。pay off付清，还清，符合语境。take off取下，起飞；drop off落下，减少；put off推迟。36A.missing BinspiringCsinking Dshining答案A解析他们意识到生活中缺少了什么。missing失去的，失踪的，找不到的，符合语境。37A.harmful BhardCuseful Dnormal答案B解析但很难脱离既定的生活轨迹。38A.measure BsufferCdigest Ddeliver答案A解析在一个倾向于用金钱来衡量一切的社会里。measure衡量。39A.disasters BmotivationsCcampaigns Ddecisions答案D解析从小时候我们就学会了从经济的角度来考虑所作的决定的代价。40A.assessed BinvolvedCcovered Dreduced答案B解析此处句意为：但是追求金钱超过追求人生意义本身带来的个人代价和社会代价呢？involve参与，涉及，符合语境。assess评价；cover覆盖，包括；reduce减少。第二部分阅读理解(第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分)第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AFrom the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.When children are little we make them read aloud，before the teacher and other children，so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading.This means that when they dont know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of everyone.After having taught fifthgrade classes for four years，I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books，and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started，I said to them，“Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before.I would like you to read a lot of books this year，but I want you to read them only for pleasure.I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not.If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it，thats enough for me.Also Im not going to ask you what words mean.”The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking？One girl，who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time，looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then，still looking at me，she said slowly and seriously，“Mr.Holt，do you really mean that？”I said just as seriously，“I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me.One day，she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself，“It cant be，” and went to take a closer look.Sure enough，she was reading Moby Dick，in the edition with woodcuts.I said，“Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going？”She answered，“Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom isan exciting，joyous adventure.Find something，dive into it，take the good parts，skip the bad parts，get what you can out of it，go on to something else.How different is our meanspirited，picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.41According to the passage，childrens fear and dislike of books may result from _.Areading little and thinking littleBreading often and adventurouslyCbeing made to read too muchDbeing made to read aloud before others答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在他人面前读错字是丢人现眼的。孩子对书的恐惧和厌烦是大人要求他们在他人面前朗读导致的。42The teacher told his students to read _.Afor enjoymentBfor knowledgeCfor a larger vocabularyDfor higher scores in exams答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.I want you to read them only for pleasure.”可知，这位老师要求学生快乐读书。for pleasure与for enjoyment同义。43Upon hearing the teachers talk，the children probably felt that _.Ait sounded stupidBit was not surprising at allCit sounded too good to be trueDit was no different from other teachers talk答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段首句及后面的内容可知，学生对老师说的话不太敢相信是真的。44Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?AShe skipped over those easy parts while reading.BShe had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.CShe learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.DShe turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“.I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”可知，这个女孩学会了欣赏难理解的书中的精彩部分。A项错在skipped over those easy parts，实际为跳过难懂的部分；B项错在had a hard time，实际是在阅读中感受到乐趣；D项在文中未提及。45From the teachers point of view，_.Achildren cannot tell good parts from bad parts while readingBchildren should be left to decide what to read and how to readCreading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in schoolDreading involves understanding every little piece of information答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为应该让孩子们自己来决定读什么及怎么读。A、D两项在文中未提及；C项与作者的看法相反，作者认为阅读应该是一种愉快、激励人心的体验。BGraphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information，especially numbers，percentages，and other data.A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret.That can be a lot more efficient than pages and pages explaining the data.Graphs can seem frightening，but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.The graph has a title，a main idea，and supporting details.You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text.Most graphs have a few basic parts：a caption or introduction paragraph，a title，a legend or key，and labeled axes.An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data.Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example，a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005)Captions usually summarize the authors main point as well.The title is very important.It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown.A legend，also called a key，is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.Many graphs，including bar graphs and line graphs，have two axes that form a corner.Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph.Each axis will always have a label.The label tells you what each axis measures.Bar GraphsA bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.In Graph 1，we see that the xaxis shows grades that students earned，and the yaxis shows how many students earned each grade.You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this (See Graph 1)Line GraphsA line graph looks similar to a bar graph，but instead of bars，it plots points and connects them with a line.It has the same parts as a bar graphtwo labeled axesand can be read the same way.To read a line graph，its important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points.This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2)The unit of measurement for the xaxis is days.The unit of measurement for the yaxis is kilometers.Thus we can see that，on the first day，the pipit flew 20 kilometers.The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2，which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled down，as between Day 4 and Day 5，it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before.This line graph is a quick，visual way to tell the reader about the birds migration.Pie GraphsA typical pie graph looks like a circular pie.The circle is divided into sections，and each section represents a fraction of the data.The graph is commonly used to show percentages；the whole pie represents 100 percent，so each piece is a fraction of the whole.A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice.This pie graph shows one months expenses (See Graph 3)Food 25Movies 12Clothing 36Savings 20Books 746When used in a graph，a legend is _.Aa guide to the symbols and colorsBan introduction paragraphCthe main ideaDthe data答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A legend，also called a key，is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.”可知答案为A。47What is the total number of students who earned a C or better?A4. B6. C10. D20.答案D解析数字计算题。根据Graph 1可知，成绩为A的有6人，成绩为B的有10人，成绩为C的有4人，共计20人。48The bird covered the longest distance on _.ADay 1 BDay 2 CDay 3 DDay 4答案C解析细节理解题。根据Graph 2可知，第三天鸟儿飞行的距离最远，为70公里。49Which of t